سنن الدارقطني
Daraqutni
كتاب الفرائضDiscussion on Inheritance
إِخْوَةُ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ ، وَإِخْوَةُ الْأَبِ
Brothers from the father and mother, and brothers from the father
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Hadith 4124
نَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا الْمُحَارِبِيُّ ، نَا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ ، نَا أَبُو خَالِدٍ الأَحْمَرُ ، وَوَكِيعٌ ، وَعَبْدَةُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ ، قَالَ : " أَنْتُمْ تَقْرَءُونَ الْوَصِيَّةَ قَبْلَ الدَّيْنِ ، وَقَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّ الدَّيْنَ قَبْلَ الْوَصِيَّةِ ، وَأَعْيَانُ بَنِي الأُمِّ يَتَوَارَثُونَ دُونَ بَنِي الْعَلاتِ " .
Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "You people recite the command of bequest before the payment of debt, but the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: The debt (of the deceased) will be paid before the bequest is fulfilled, and siblings from the mother's side will inherit from one another, whereas siblings from the father's side will not inherit from one another."
Hadith 4125
نَا نَا أَبُو حَامِدٍ الْحَضْرَمِيُّ ، نَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْبَرَاءِ ، نَا مُوسَى بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ ، نَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ ، أَنَّ عَلِيًّا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، أُتِيَ فِي بَنِي عَمٍّ أَحَدُهُمْ أَخٌ لأُمٍّ ، فَقِيلَ لِعَلِيٍّ : إِنَّ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ " أَعْطَى الأَخَ مِنَ الأُمِّ الْمَالَ كُلَّهُ دُونَهُمْ لِقَرَابَتِهِ ، فَقَالَ عَلِيّ : يَرْحَمُ اللَّهُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ مَسْعُودٍ إِنْ كَانَ لَفَقِيهًا لَوْ كُنْتُ أَنَا لأَعْطَيْتُهُ السُّدُسَ ، ثُمَّ أَشْرَكْتُ بَيْنَهُمْ فِيمَا بَقِيَ " .
Harith narrates that a case was brought before Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), which was about paternal cousins, one of whom was also a maternal brother. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) was informed that Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) had ordered that the maternal brother be given the entire wealth, and had not ordered any payment to the other close relatives in this matter. So Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "May Allah have mercy on Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), he was a wise man. If I were in his place, I would have given him (the maternal brother) one-sixth, and the remaining wealth I would have distributed among the (other paternal cousins)."
Hadith 4126
نَا نَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي الثَّلْجِ ، نَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَمَّادِ الطِّهْرَانِيُّ ، نَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ ، عَنْ سِمَاكِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ ، عَنْ وَهْبِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ ، عَنْ مَسْعُودِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ الثَّقَفِيِّ ، قَالَ : أُتِيَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، " فِي امْرَأَةٍ تَرَكَتْ زَوْجَهَا وَأُمَّهَا وَإِخْوَتَهَا لأُمِّهَا وَإِخْوَتَهَا لأَبِيهَا ، وَأُمِّهَا ، فَشَرَكَ بَيْنَ الإِخْوَةِ لِلأُمِّ وَبَيْنَ الإِخْوَةِ لِلأُمِّ وَالأَبِ بِالثُّلُثِ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ : إِنَّكَ لَمْ تُشْرِكْ بَيْنَهُمَا عَامَ كَذَا وَكَذَا ، قَالَ : فَتِلْكَ عَلَى مَا قَضَيْنَا يَوْمَئِذٍ ، وَهَذِهِ عَلَى مَا قَضَيْنَا الْيَوْمَ " ، قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ : وَقَالَ الثَّوْرِيُّ : لَوْ لَمْ أَسْتَفِدْ فِي سَفْرَتِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ لَظَنَنْتُ أَنِّي قَدِ اسْتَفَدْتُ فِيهِ خَيْرًا.
Mas'ud bin Hakam Thaqafi narrates that a case was brought before Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), which was about a woman who had left behind her husband, her mother, maternal siblings, and paternal siblings among her heirs. So Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) made the maternal siblings and the full siblings equal partners with each other in the share, which was about one third. Then a person said to him: "In such-and-such year, you did not make them partners with each other." So Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "The decision we gave at that time was for that time; today's decision is what we have now given."
Hadith 4127
نَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ صَالِحٍ الْكُوفِيُّ ، نَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ دِينَارٍ الْفَارِسِيُّ ، نَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلانَ ، نَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ ، نَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ ، عَنْ سِمَاكٍ ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، أَنّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " آخَى بَيْنَ أَصْحَابِهِ فَكَانُوا يَتَوَارَثُونَ بِذَلِكَ حَتَّى أنزلت وَأُولُو الأَرْحَامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلَى بِبَعْضٍ سورة الأنفال آية 75 ، فَتَوَارَثُوا بِالنَّسَبِ " .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) made his companions brothers to one another, so they used to inherit from each other, until this verse was revealed: "Only (blood) relatives are heirs of one another." After that, people began to inherit from one another according to lineage.
Hadith 4128
نَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ ، نَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ رُشَيْدٍ ، نَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ الْخَوْلانِيُّ حِمْصِيٌّ ، نَا عُمَرُ بْنُ رُؤْبَةَ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّصْرِيُّ ، عَنْ وَاثِلَةَ بْنِ الأَسْقَعِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " تُحْرِزُ الْمَرْأَةُ ثَلاثَةَ مَوَارِيثَ : عَتِيقَهَا ، وَوَلِيدَهَا ، وَالْوَلَدَ الَّذِي لاعَنَتْ عَلَيْهِ " .
Sayyiduna Wathilah bin Asqa’ (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “A woman inherits from three people: from her freed slave (male or female), from her children, and from the child because of whom she performed li’an (mutual cursing).”
Hadith 4129
نَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْبَزَّازُ ، نَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ، نَا أَبِي ، نَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ الْخَوْلانِيِّ ، حَدَّثَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ رُؤْبَةَ التَّغْلِبِيُّ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّصْرِيِّ ، عَنْ وَاثِلَةَ بْنِ الأَسْقَعِ ، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " تُحْرِزُ الْمَرْأَةُ ثَلاثَةَ مَوَارِيثَ : عَتِيقَهَا ، وَلَقِيطَهَا ، وُمَلاعِنَهَا " ، قَالَ تَابَعَهُ أَبُو سَلَمَةَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ عمر بْنِ رُؤْبَةَ ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ مِثْلَهُ .
Sayyiduna Wathilah bin Asqa’ (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “A woman inherits in three cases: the inheritance of her freed (slave or slave-girl), the inheritance of one whom she raised (i.e., an abandoned child whom she brought up), and the one because of whom she performed li’an (mutual cursing).” This narration is also transmitted with another chain.
Hadith 4130
نَا بِهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُوسَى ، نَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ ، نَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عُثْمَانَ ، نَا بَقِيَّةُ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ سُلَيْمِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ رُؤْبَةَ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ ، عَنْ وَاثِلَةَ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِثْلَهُ.
This same narration is also transmitted with another chain of narration from Sayyiduna Wathilah (may Allah be pleased with him) from the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him).
