Daraqutni

Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) established this Sunnah: "Zakat is not obligatory on grain less than five wasqs; one wasq is sixty sa’s, so this totals three hundred sa’s, whether it is wheat, barley, dates, or grapes. As for the vegetables that grow from the earth, there is no obligation to pay zakat on them."

Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Zakat is not obligatory on (silver) less than five awqiyah, nor is zakat obligatory on camels less than five, nor is zakat obligatory on grain less than five wasq." (The narrator states) One wasq is equal to sixty sa’."

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "For land irrigated by rainwater or natural streams, one-tenth (of the produce) is obligatory (as zakat)."

Salim narrates from his father (Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both): For land irrigated by the sky (i.e., rain), rivers, and springs, and for land that is ‘ushri (i.e., naturally irrigated), the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) prescribed ‘ushr (i.e., payment of one-tenth of the produce). And for land that is irrigated (artificially), he prescribed half of ‘ushr (i.e., payment of one-twentieth of the produce).

Salim bin Abdullah narrates from his father: The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) prescribed the payment of one-tenth (ushr) from the produce irrigated by rain, rivers, or springs, and for that which is irrigated artificially, half of one-tenth is obligatory.

Sayyiduna Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) prescribed one-tenth (ushr) on land that does not require irrigation (other than rain), and on land irrigated by rain, rivers, and springs. And on land irrigated by well water, he prescribed one-twentieth.

A narrator named Abu Bakr has reported this: Shaykh Rabi’ states: I heard Imam Shafi’i saying, the word “al-ba’l” used in the narration refers to that whose roots reach the water.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates this statement from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him): "On land that is irrigated by rain, canal, or spring, payment of one-tenth (ushr) is obligatory, and on land that is irrigated by bucket (i.e., by artificial means), payment of half of one-tenth (half-ushr) is obligatory."

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) wrote a letter to the people of Yemen. In this letter, he wrote to Harith Abdul Kallal and his other companions residing in Yemen, who belonged to Ma’afir and Hamdan: “Zakat on the produce of the land will be obligatory. From the land irrigated by springs and rainwater, payment of one-tenth will be obligatory, and from the land irrigated by buckets (i.e., by artificial means), payment of one-twentieth will be obligatory.”

Abu Zubair reports: He heard mentioning Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them), that the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "For land irrigated by a river or a spring, payment of one-tenth is obligatory, and for land irrigated by a waterwheel, payment of half of one-tenth is obligatory."

Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates from his father: The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) gave the command regarding zakat, so a man brought unripe dates. The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) inquired: "Who has brought this?" (The narrator states) Whatever a person would bring, that thing would be attributed to the person who brought it. So regarding this, the following verse was revealed: "And do not intend to spend the inferior of it." The narrator states: The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the acceptance of Ja‘rur and Lawn al-Muhbiq in zakat. Imam Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) states: These are two specific types of dates from Madinah Munawwarah. In the narration, the narrator named Yusuf (may Allah have mercy on him) has reported one word differently.

This narration is also transmitted with another chain of transmission.

Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates from his father: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade (accepting as zakat) two types of dates: Ja‘rur and Lawn Ahbiq. The narrator states: Some people would deliberately bring their inferior fruit to give as zakat, so they were prohibited from giving these two types of dates. Regarding this, the following verse was revealed: "And do not intend to spend the inferior thereof." This narration is also transmitted with some other chains. Some have narrated it as a connected (mawsool) narration, and some have narrated it as a mursal narration.

Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Some people used to give bad fruit from their produce as zakat, so the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade taking or giving two types of dates as zakat. After that, he narrated the previous hadith as before. Some narrators have also transmitted this narration as a mursal narration.

Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: This verse in which Allah Almighty has said: "And do not intend to give the inferior of it that you would spend," the narrator states: By this is meant Ja‘rur and Lawn bin Habeeq. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade accepting them in zakat.

Sayyiduna ‘Attab bin Asid (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) instructed me: “I should estimate the grapevines of the Thaqif tribe to determine how much fruit is on their vines, then their zakat will be paid in the form of grapes, just as the zakat of date palms is paid in the form of dates.” This narration is also transmitted with another chain.

Sayyiduna Miswar bin Makhramah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates from Sayyiduna ‘Attab bin Asid (may Allah be pleased with him): The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered that the grapevines of the Thaqif tribe should be assessed in the same way as the date palms (with their fruit), and then zakat should be taken from them in the form of grapes, just as zakat from date palms is collected in the form of dates.

This same narration is also transmitted with another chain from Sayyiduna ‘Attab bin Asid. Sayyiduna ‘Attab bin Asid (may Allah be pleased with him) reports: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered the estimation of grapes: “Just as the estimation of dates is done, and their zakat is collected in the form of dried dates (munqa), just as the zakat of date palms is collected in the form of dates.” Some other narrators have also followed in transmitting this.

Sayyiduna ‘Attab bin Asid (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said regarding the zakat of grapes: “Its estimation will be made in the same way as the estimation of dates on date palms is made, and then its zakat will be paid in the form of raisins (or dried grapes), just as the zakat of date palms is paid in the form of dates.” Another narrator has also reported this in corroboration.

Sayyiduna ‘Attab bin Asid (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave instructions regarding the zakat of grapes, then after that he narrated the hadith as previously mentioned.

Sayyiduna ‘Attab bin Asid (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to send someone to those people, who would estimate their grapes and fruit produce (and Zakat would be collected accordingly).

Sayyiduna ‘Attab bin Asid (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) ordered that the produce of the grapevine be estimated and zakat be collected in the form of grapes, just as the produce of dates is estimated (or dates are collected after estimation).

Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When Allah Almighty granted the region of Khaybar to His Messenger as fay’ (war booty), the Messenger of Allah allowed them (the Jews) to remain there and made an agreement that the produce of the land would be divided equally between those Jews and the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) sent Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Rawahah (may Allah be pleased with him), who estimated the produce there and then said: “O Jews! Among Allah’s creation, you are the most disliked by me. You killed Allah’s Prophets, and you attributed lies to Allah. But my dislike for you will not lead me to wrong you in any way. I have estimated that the date produce is twenty thousand wasqs. If you wish, you may take it according to this estimate, and if you do not agree, then I will take that much.” They said: “It is because of this justice and fairness that the heavens and the earth stand firm. We accept this estimate.” So Sayyiduna Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “Then give me that amount of produce (i.e., make the payment).”

Sayyiduna ‘Attab bin Asid (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered that the produce of the grapevine be assessed and zakat be taken in the form of grapes, just as the produce of dates is assessed (or dates are taken after estimation).

Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) was once mentioning Khaybar, she said: The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) sent Abdullah bin Rawahah (may Allah be pleased with him) to the Jews. When the fruits ripened, he estimated the yield of the date trees. Then he gave the Jews the choice to either take the produce according to that estimate or pay according to that estimate. The Prophet (peace be upon him) had ordered the estimation so that the calculation of zakat could be done before the fruits ripened and it could be set aside. The same narration is also transmitted from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) with another chain of narration. Imam Malik has transmitted it as a mursal narration.

This narration is also transmitted with another chain of transmission on the authority of Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her).

Sayyiduna Sahl bin Huthmah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) sent him to estimate (the value). A man came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and said: "O Messenger of Allah! Abu Huthmah, while estimating, has made us liable to pay more." So the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) called him and said: "Your cousin says this; you have made him liable to pay more in estimation." (The narrator says) I said: "O Messenger of Allah! I have left him with so many extra dates so that he can feed his family and also feed the poor." So the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Your cousin has given you more concession and has acted justly."