Daraqutni

Ata bin Abi Rabah narrates this statement from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him): "It is the established practice that when there are three people present, then one of them will be the imam, and wherever there are forty people or more, then there will also be the Friday prayer, the Eid al-Adha prayer, and the Eid al-Fitr prayer. The reason for this is: these people are considered a congregation."

Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “(In any settlement where) there are fifty people, Jumu’ah (Friday prayer) is obligatory upon them; it is not obligatory with less than that.” The narrator of this narration, Ja‘far ibn Zubayr, is abandoned.

Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Jumu'ah is obligatory upon fifty individuals."

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates this statement of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "It is not obligatory for a traveler to perform Jumu'ah (Friday prayer)."

Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with both of them) narrates: Once the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) was delivering the sermon to us on Friday. During this, a caravan arrived, bringing grain, and the caravan stopped in the open field. People turned their attention towards it and went towards it, leaving the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). Only forty people remained with the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), among whom I was also included. So Allah Almighty revealed this verse to the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him): "And when they saw a trade or an amusement, they rushed to it and left you standing." Only the narrator named Ali bin Amir (may Allah have mercy on him) mentioned the presence of forty people in this narration, while other narrators have mentioned that only twelve people remained with the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him).

Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was standing and delivering the sermon on the day of Jumu'ah, when a caravan arrived (after this, the narrator has transmitted the entire hadith, after which these words are mentioned:). Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Only twelve people remained with the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), among whom were Sayyiduna Abu Bakr and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both)."

Muhammad bin Abu Umamah narrates from his father, who reports from Sayyiduna Abdur Rahman bin Ka'b (may Allah be pleased with him): I used to take my father along with me when his eyesight had gone. Once, I took him to perform the Friday prayer. After hearing the call to prayer (adhan), he supplicated for mercy and forgiveness for Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) and then remained in that state for a while. Whenever he heard the Friday adhan, he would do the same. I asked him: "O my father! Whenever you hear the Friday adhan, you supplicate for forgiveness for Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him). What is the reason for this?" He replied: "O my son! He (Sayyiduna Abu Umamah, may Allah be pleased with him) was the first person who initiated the Friday prayer in Madinah in the low-lying stony field of Banu Bayadah. The name of that place is 'Naqee' al-Khazamat'." The narrator says: I asked, "How many people were there at that time?" He replied: "There were forty individuals."

This narration is also transmitted with another chain of transmission.

This narration is also transmitted with another chain, however, it contains these words as well: In the low-lying stony land of Banu Bayadah, where vegetation grows and which is called 'Naqi' al-Khadhmat', the rest of the narration is similar to the previous narration.