سنن الدارقطني
Daraqutni
كتاب النكاحDiscussion on Marriage
بَابُ أَحْكَامِ النِّكَاحِChapter on rulings of marriage
Hadith 3512
اُردوEn
نَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ ، نَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ ، نَا أَصْبَغُ بْنُ الْفَرَجِ ، أَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ وَهْبٍ ، عَنْ يُونُسَ ، أَخْبَرَهُ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ أَخْبَرَتْهُ ، أَنَّ النِّكَاحَ كَانَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ عَلَى أَرْبَعَةِ أَنْحَاءٍ ، وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ نَحْوَهُ . قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ : لَمْ يَرْوِهِ إِلا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ ، زَعَمُوا أَنَّ يَحْيَى بْنَ مَعِينٍ حِينَ ، حَدَّثَهُ بِهِ أَصْبَغُ بَرَكَ مِنَ الْفَرَحِ ، وَقَالَ أَصْبَغُ فِي حَدِيثِهِ : " أَرْسِلِي إِلَى فُلانٍ فَاسْتَبْضِعِي مِنْهُ وَيَعْتَزِلُهَا زَوْجُهَا وَلا يَمَسُّهَا أَبَدًا حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ حَمْلُهَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي تَسْتَبْضِعُ مِنْهُ ، فَإِذَا تَبَيَّنَ حَمْلُهَا أَصَابَهَا زَوْجُهَا إِذَا أَحَبَّ ، وَإِنَّمَا يَصْنَعُ ذَلِكَ رَغْبَةً فِي نَجَابَةِ الْوَلَدِ ، فَكَانَ هَذَا النِّكَاحُ يُسَمَّى نِكَاحَ الاسْتِبْضَاعِ " ، وَقَالَ الصَّاغَانِيُّ : وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ غَيْرُ أَصْبَغَ ، نَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ ، نَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ ، عَنْ يُونُسَ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ ، إِلا أَنَّهُ قَالَ : " أَرْسِلِي إِلَى فُلانٍ وَاسْتَرْضِعِي مِنْهُ ، وَاعْتَزَلَهَا زَوْجُهَا لا يَمَسُّهَا أَبَدًا حَتَّى يَسْتَبِينَ حَمْلُهَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي تَسْتَرْضِعُ مِنْهُ ، وَكَانَ هَذَا يُسَمَّى نِكَاحَ الاسْتِرْضَاعِ " ، قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ : وَهُوَ الصَّوَابُ ، وَقَالَ : فَلَمَّا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ مُحَمَّدًا صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالْحَقِّ هَدَمَ نِكَاحَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ.
Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) says: In the time of ignorance, there were four types of marriage (after this she mentioned the hadith as previously narrated). In one narration, these additional words are present: (The husband would say to his wife) Send a message to such-and-such man, then have intercourse with him. During this period, the woman's husband would stay away from her and would not have intercourse with her until it became apparent that she was pregnant by the man with whom she had intercourse. When the woman's pregnancy became apparent, the husband would then have intercourse with her if he wished. He did this so that his offspring would be noble. This type of marriage was called Nikah Istibda’. The same narration is also transmitted with another chain, however, in it these words are present: (The husband says to his wife) Send a message to such-and-such man and become pregnant by him. The woman's husband would stay away from her and would not have intercourse with her until it became apparent that she was pregnant by the other man. This marriage was called Nikah Istirda’. Muhammad bin Ishaq states: This is correct (and in it these words are also present): When Allah Almighty sent Muhammad (peace be upon him) with the truth, He abolished the (various forms of) marriage of the time of ignorance.
