Hadith 2871
اُردوEn
نَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ نَصْرِ بْنِ سَنْدَوَيْهِ الْبُنْدَارُ حَبْشُونَ ، نَا يُوسُفُ بْنُ مُوسَى ، نَا جَرِيرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا ، قَالَتْ : كَاتَبْتُ بَرِيرَةُ عَلَى نَفْسِهَا بِتِسْعِ أَوَاقٍ كُلَّ سَنَةٍ أُوقِيَّةٌ ، فَجَاءَتْ إِلَى عَائِشَةَ تَسْتَعِينُهَا ، فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : لا وَلَكِنْ إِنْ شِئْتِ عَدَدْتُ لَهُمْ مَالَهُمْ عَدَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَيَكُونُ الْوَلاءُ لِي، فَذَهَبَتْ بَرِيرَةُ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لَهُمْ فَأَبَوْا عَلَيْهَا إِلا أَنْ يَكُونَ الْوَلاءُ لَهُمْ ، فَجَاءَتْ عَائِشَةَ وَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَسَارَّتْهَا بِمَا قَالَتْ لَهُمْ ، فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : لا إِذَنْ إِلا أَنْ يَكُونَ الْوَلاءُ لِي ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : وَمَا ذَاكَ ؟ ، فَقَالَتْ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، " أَتَتْنِي بَرِيرَةُ تَسْتَعِينُنِي فِي مُكَاتَبَتِهَا ، فَقُلْتُ : لا ، إِنْ يَشَاءُ أَهْلُكِ أَنْ أَعُدَّ لَهُمْ مَالَهُمْ عَدَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَيَكُونَ الْوَلاءُ لِي فَذَهَبَتْ إِلَيْهِمْ ، فَقَالُوا : لا إِلا أَنْ يَكُونَ الْوَلاءُ لَنَا ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : ابْتَاعِيهَا فَأَعْتِقِيهَا وَاشْتَرِطِي لَهُمُ الْوَلاءَ ، فَإِنَّ الْوَلاءَ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ ، فَاشْتَرَيْتُهَا فَأَعْتَقْتُهَا ، ثُمَّ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَخَطَبَ النَّاسَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ، وَقَالَ : مَا بَالُ أَقْوَامٍ يَشْتَرِطُونَ شُرُوطًا لَيْسَتْ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى ، تَعْلَمُنَّ بِأَنَّ مَنِ اشْتَرَطَ شَرْطًا لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فَإِنَّ الشَّرْطَ بَاطِلٌ وَإِنْ كَانَ مِائَةَ شَرْطٍ ، قَضَاءُ اللَّهِ أَحَقُّ ، وَشَرْطُ اللَّهِ أَوْثَقُ ، مَا بَالُ رِجَالٍ مِنْكُمْ يَقُولُونَ : اعْتِقْ فُلانًا وَالْوَلاءُ لِي ، إِنَّمَا الْوَلاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ ، قَالَتْ : وَكَانَ زَوْجُهَا عَبْدًا فَخَيَّرَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَاخْتَارَتْ نَفْسَهَا ، وَلَوْ كَانَ حُرًّا لَمْ يُخَيِّرْهَا " .
Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that Barirah made a contract of manumission for herself for nine uqiyah to be paid annually. She came to Lady Aisha to seek help regarding this. Lady Aisha said: "No, but if you wish, I will pay the entire amount at once, but the right of wala’ (allegiance) will be mine." Barirah went to her owners and mentioned this to them, but they refused and said that the right of wala’ would remain with them. She came back to Lady Aisha, and during this, the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) arrived. Barirah told Lady Aisha in a low voice everything she had said to her owners (and the reply they gave). Lady Aisha repeated: "No, and the right of wala’ will be mine (if I am to proceed with this matter)." The Prophet (peace be upon him) asked: "What is the matter?" Lady Aisha replied: "O Messenger of Allah! Barirah came to me to seek help regarding her contract of manumission. I said that if her owners wished, I would pay them the entire amount at once and the right of wala’ would be mine. She went to her owners, and they replied: No, the right of wala’ will remain with us." Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "Buy her and set her free, and let the condition of wala’ being theirs remain, for the right of wala’ belongs to the one who sets free." Lady Aisha narrates: So I bought her and set her free. Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) stood up, praised and glorified Allah, and said: "What is wrong with people that they stipulate conditions which are not permitted by the Book of Allah? Know that whoever stipulates a condition not permitted by the Book of Allah, that condition is invalid, even if it is stipulated a hundred times. The decision of Allah is more deserving to be fulfilled, and the condition permitted by Allah is stronger. What is wrong with people that they say: Set so-and-so free and the right of wala’ will remain with me? The right of wala’ belongs only to the one who sets free." Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: Barirah’s husband was a slave, so the Prophet (peace be upon him) gave Barirah the choice, and she chose herself. If her husband had been a free man, the Prophet (peace be upon him) would not have given her the choice.
