Hadith 3288
أخبرنا قَبِيصَةُ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ سُفْيَانَ، يَقُولُ: "إِذَا أَقَرَّ لِوَارِثٍ وَلِغَيْرِ وَارِثٍ بِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ، قَالَ: أَرَى أَنْ أُبْطِلَهُمَا جَمِيعًا".
Qabeesah (bin Uqbah) said: I heard Sufyan, he used to say: If (the deceased) decides to give one hundred dirhams to any heir or non-heir, then he said: I will declare all such bequests invalid.
Hadith 3289
حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمٌ، حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ، حَدَّثَنَا قَتَادَةُ، عَنْ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ، عَنْ شُرَيْحٍ، قَالَ: "لَا يَجُوزُ إِقْرَارٌ لِوَارِثٍ، قَالَ: وقال الْحَسَنُ: أَحَقُّ مَا جَازَ عَلَيْهِ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ: أَوَّلَ يَوْمٍ مِنْ أَيَّامِ الْآخِرَةِ، وَآخِرَ يَوْمٍ مِنْ أَيَّامِ الدُّنْيَا".
Qadi Shurayh said: It is not permissible to acknowledge (a bequest) for an heir. He said, and Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) said: It is more correct for it to be permissible at the time of death, which is the first day of the Hereafter and the last day of the world (for the person departing).
Hadith 3290
حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَوْنٍ، أنبأنا خَالِدٌ، عَنْ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ، قَالَ: "لَا يَجُوزُ لِوَارِثٍ وَصِيَّةٌ".
Abu Qilabah said: It is not permissible to make a bequest in favor of an heir.
Hadith 3291
حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ: "أَنَّ رَجُلًا يُكْنَى أَبَا ثَابِتٍ أَقَرَّ لِامْرَأَتِهِ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ أَنَّ لَهَا عَلَيْهِ أَرْبَعَ مِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ مِنْ صَدَاقِهَا، فَأَجَازَهُ الْحَسَنُ".
It is narrated from Humaid: A man whose kunya was Abu Thabit, at the time of his death, made a bequest for his wife that she should have four hundred dirhams as her mahr. Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) declared this permissible.
Hadith 3292
Sayyiduna Amr bin Kharijah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I was near the camel of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) which was chewing the cud and its saliva was flowing between my two shoulders. I heard him saying: "Listen, O people! Indeed, Allah Almighty has fixed the share for every rightful person (heir), so now it is not permissible to make a bequest in favor of an heir."
Hadith 3293
أَخْبَرَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أنبأنا هَمَّامٌ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، قَال: إِذَا حَضَرَ أَحَدَكُمُ الْمَوْتُ إِنْ تَرَكَ خَيْرًا الْوَصِيَّةُ لِلْوَالِدَيْنِ وَالأَقْرَبِينَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُتَّقِينَ سورة البقرة آية 180، فَأَمَرَ أَنْ يُوصِيَ لِوَالِدَيْهِ وَأَقَارِبِهِ، ثُمَّ نُسِخَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فِي سُورَةِ النِّسَاءِ، فَجَعَلَ لِلْوَالِدَيْنِ نَصِيبًا مَعْلُومًا، وَأَلْحَقَ لِكُلِّ ذِي مِيرَاثٍ نَصِيبَهُ مِنْهُ، وَلَيْسَتْ لَهُمْ وَصِيَّةٌ، فَصَارَتْ الْوَصِيَّةُ لِمَنْ لَا يَرِثُ مِنْ قَرِيبٍ وَغَيْرِهِ".
It is narrated from Qatadah, may Allah have mercy on him, regarding this verse: «إِذَا حَضَرَ أَحَدَكُمُ الْمَوْتُ. . . . . .» [بقره: 180/2], that Allah Almighty commanded that when the time of death approaches, one should make a bequest for one's parents and relatives. Then, in the verse of Surah An-Nisa: «يُوصِيكُمُ اللَّهُ فِي أَوْلَادِكُمْ . . . . . .» [نساء: 11/4], a share was fixed for the parents, and a share was fixed for every heir from the inheritance of the deceased. Therefore, there is no bequest for them now, and the bequest is now specific only for those who are not heirs due to kinship or any other reason.
Hadith 3294
حَدَّثَنَا
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا
وَرْقَاءُ، عَنْ
ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ
عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ
ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ:
"كَانَ الْمَالُ لِلْوَلَدِ، وَكَانَتْ الْوَصِيَّةُ لِلْوَالِدَيْنِ وَالْأَقْرَبِينَ، فَنَسَخَ اللَّهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا أَحَبَّ، فَجَعَلَ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلَ حَظِّ الْأُنْثَيَيْنِ، وَجَعَلَ لِلْأَبَوَيْنِ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا السُّدُسَ وَالثُّلُثَ، وَجَعَلَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ الثُّمُنَ وَالرُّبُعَ، وَلِلزَّوْجِ الشَّطْرَ وَالرُّبُعَ".
Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: The wealth of the deceased used to belong to the children, and the will was specific for the parents and relatives. From this, Allah abrogated whatever He willed. Thus, He fixed for the male double the share of the female, and for each of the parents the sixth and the third, and for the wife the eighth and the fourth, and for the husband the half and the fourth.
Hadith 3295
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيل، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو تُمَيْلَةَ، عَنْ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، وَالْحَسَنِ: إِنْ تَرَكَ خَيْرًا الْوَصِيَّةُ لِلْوَالِدَيْنِ وَالأَقْرَبِينَ سورة البقرة آية 180، فكانت الوصية كذلك، حتى نسختها آية الميراث".
It is narrated from ‘Ikrimah and Hasan (may Allah have mercy on them) that according to this verse: «إِنْ تَرَكَ خَيْرًا الْوَصِيَّةُ لِلْوَالِدَيْنِ وَالْأَقْرَبِينَ . . . . . .» [بقره: 180/2], the bequest (wasiyyah) was in effect, but the verse of inheritance: «يُوصِيكُمُ اللَّهُ . . . . . .» [نساء 11/4] abrogated the bequest for the heirs.