سنن دارمي
Sunan ad-Darimi
من كتاب الفرائضFrom the Book of Inheritance
باب في تَعْلِيمِ الْفَرَائِضِ:
Chapter on teaching the obligatory shares of inheritance
Hadith 2884
أَخْبَرَنَا أَخْبَرَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أَنْبَأَنَا عَاصِمٌ، عَنْ مُوَرِّقٍ الْعِجْلِيِّ، قَالَ: قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ: "تَعَلَّمُوا الْفَرَائِضَ وَاللَّحْنَ وَالسُّنَنَ كَمَا تَعَلَّمُونَ الْقُرْآنَ".
The Commander of the Faithful, Sayyiduna Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Learn the obligatory duties, the rules, and the Sunnahs just as you learn the Qur'an.
Hadith 2885
حَدَّثَنَا حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ: قَالَ عُمَرُ: "تَعَلَّمُوا الْفَرَائِضَ فَإِنَّهَا مِنْ دِينِكُمْ".
Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Learn the knowledge of inheritance, for it is part of your religion.
Hadith 2886
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى، حَدَّثَنَا يُوسُفُ الْمَاجِشُونُ، قَالَ: قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ: "لَوْ هَلَكَ عُثْمَانُ، وَزَيْدٌ فِي بَعْضِ الزَّمَانِ، لَهَلَكَ عِلْمُ الْفَرَائِضِ، لَقَدْ أَتَى عَلَى النَّاسِ زَمَانٌ، وَمَا يَعْلَمُهَا غَيْرُهُمَا".
Ibn Shihab Zuhri, may Allah have mercy on him, said: When Uthman and Zaid pass away, the knowledge of inheritance laws will come to an end, and there came a time when no one except these two knew the knowledge of inheritance laws.
Hadith 2887
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا الْمَسْعُودِيُّ، عَنْ الْقَاسِمِ، قَالَ: قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ: "تَعَلَّمُوا الْقُرْآنَ وَالْفَرَائِضَ، فَإِنَّهُ يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَفْتَقِرَ الرَّجُلُ إِلَى عِلْمٍ كَانَ يَعْلَمُهُ، أَوْ يَبْقَى فِي قَوْمٍ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Learn the Noble Qur'an and the knowledge of inheritance (Ilm al-Fara'id), for it is possible that a person may need knowledge which he once knew, or he may reach people who do not have this (knowledge of inheritance).
Hadith 2888
حَدَّثَنَا حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا زِيَادُ بْنُ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الْخَلِيلِ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو مُوسَى: "مَنْ عَلِمَ الْقُرْآنَ وَلَمْ يَعْلَمْ الْفَرَائِضَ، فَإِنَّ مَثَلَهُ مَثَلُ الْبُرْنُسِ لَا وَجْهَ لَهُ، أَوْ: لَيْسَ لَهُ وَجْهٌ".
Abu Musa said: Whoever learned the Qur'an but did not learn the obligations, his example is like a head that has no face. (In one version it is: «مثله مثل البرنس» ) His example is like a garment that has a cap but no face.
Hadith 2889
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو شِهَابٍ، عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَال: قُلْتُ لِعَلْقَمَةَ: مَا أَدْرِي مَا أَسْأَلُكَ عَنْهُ ؟ قَالَ: "أَمِتْ جِيرَانَكَ".
Ibrahim al-Nakha'i said: I said to Alqamah: I do not understand what I should ask you. He said: Kill your neighbor.
Hadith 2890
حَدَّثَنَا حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ طَلْحَةَ، عَنْ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، قَالَ: "تَعَلَّمُوا الْفَرَائِضَ، وَالطَّلاقَ، وَالْحَجَّ، فَإِنَّهُ مِنْ دِينِكُمْ".
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Learn the rulings of obligatory duties, divorce, and Hajj, for these are part of your religion.
Hadith 2891
حَدَّثَنَا حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ الْحَسَنِ، قَالَ: "كَانُوا يُرَغِّبُونَ فِي تَعْلِيمِ الْقُرْآنِ وَالْفَرَائِضِ وَالْمَنَاسِكِ".
Hasan al-Basri, may Allah have mercy on him, said: The righteous predecessors used to encourage learning the Noble Qur'an, the knowledge of inheritance laws, and the rites (pillars of Hajj worship).
Hadith 2892
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاق، عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ: "مَنْ قَرَأَ الْقُرْآنَ، فَلْيَتَعَلَّمْ الْفَرَائِضَ، فَإِنْ لَقِيَهُ أَعْرَابِيٌّ، قَالَ: يَا مُهَاجِرُ، أَتَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ ؟ فَإِنْ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: تَفْرِضُ ؟ فَإِنْ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، فَهُوَ زِيَادَةٌ وَخَيْر، وَإِنْ قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ: فَمَا فَضْلُكَ عَلَيَّ يَا مُهَاجِرُ ؟ !.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Whoever has read the Qur'an should learn the knowledge of inheritance (fara'id), because if a Bedouin meets him and says: O Muhajir (brother)! Do you recite the Qur'an? If he says: Yes, I do, then he will say: Can you distribute inheritance? If he says: Yes, I can, then this is additional knowledge and excellence. But if he says: I do not know the knowledge of fara'id, then the Bedouin will say: Then what is the difference between you and me, O Muhajir brother? (That is, I am also ignorant of the knowledge of inheritance and you are also unaware of it.)
Hadith 2893
حَدَّثَنَا حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عُقْبَةُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْنَا مَسْرُوقًا: كَانَتْ عَائِشَةُ تُحْسِنُ الْفَرَائِضَ ؟ قَالَ: "وَالَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ غَيْرُهُ، لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ الْأَكَابِرَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ يَسْأَلُونَهَا عَنْ الْفَرَائِضِ".
Muslim said: We asked Masruq: Did Umm al-Mu'minin Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) have a good understanding of the obligatory duties (fara'id)? He said: By Him besides whom there is no deity, I have seen the senior companions of Muhammad (peace be upon him) that they too used to ask her about the obligatory duties.
