سنن دارمي
Sunan ad-Darimi
مقدمهIntroduction
باب مَا يُتَّقَى مِنْ تَفْسِيرِ حَدِيثِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَوْلِ غَيْرِهِ عِنْدَ قَوْلِهِ:
Chapter: Caution in Interpreting the Prophet's Hadith and Others' Statements
Hadith 444
أَخْبَرَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ خَالِدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُعْتَمِرٌ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: "لِيُتَّقَى مِنْ تَفْسِيرِ حَدِيثِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَمَا يُتَّقَى مِنْ تَفْسِيرِ الْقُرْآنِ".
Mu'tamir narrated from his father that one should refrain from interpreting the hadith of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) in the same way as one refrains from interpreting the Holy Qur'an.
Hadith 445
أَخْبَرَنَا أَخْبَرَنَا صَدَقَةُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ، حَدَّثَنَا مُعْتَمِرٌ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: "أَمَا تَخَافُونَ أَنْ تُعَذَّبُوا، أَوْ يُخْسَفَ بِكُمْ أَنْ تَقُولُوا: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، وَقَالَ فُلَانٌ ؟".
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Are you not afraid that you may be punished or swallowed up because of saying: «قال رسول الله وقال فلان» that is, the Messenger of Allah said this and so-and-so said that.
Hadith 446
أَخْبَرَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا الْمُعَافَى، عَنْ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ، قَالَ: كَتَبَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ رَحِمَهُ الله تَعالَيَ: "إِنَّهُ لَا رَأْيَ لِأَحَدٍ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ، وَإِنَّمَا رَأْيُ الْأَئِمَّةِ فِيمَا لَمْ يَنْزِلْ فِيهِ كِتَابٌ، وَلَمْ تَمْضِ بِهِ سُنَّةٌ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَلَا رَأْيَ لِأَحَدٍ فِي سُنَّةٍ سَنَّهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ".
Imam Awza'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said: Umar bin Abdul Aziz, may Allah have mercy on him, wrote that in the Book of Allah, no one's opinion is acceptable, and the opinions of the esteemed Imams will be accepted only in matters where nothing is found in the Book of Allah or the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him. And in the Sunnah which the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, has established, there is no room for opinion.
Hadith 447
حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ خَالِدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُعْتَمِرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ رَحِمَهُ الله خَطَبَ، فَقَالَ: "يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يَبْعَثْ بَعْدَ نَبِيِّكُمْ نَبِيًّا، وَلَمْ يُنْزِلْ بَعْدَ هَذَا الْكِتَابِ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ كِتَابًا، فَمَا أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ عَلَى لِسَانِ نَبِيِّهِ فَهُوَ حَلَالٌ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ، وَمَا حَرَّمَ عَلَى لِسَانِ نَبِيِّهِ فَهُوَ حَرَامٌ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ، أَلَا وَإِنِّي لَسْتُ بِقَاضٍ وَلَكِنِّي مُنَفِّذٌ، وَلَسْتُ بِمُبْتَدِعٍ وَلَكِنِّي مُتَّبِعٌ، وَلَسْتُ بِخَيْرٍ مِنْكُمْ، غَيْرَ أَنِّي أَثْقَلُكُمْ حِمْلًا، أَلَا وَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لِأَحَدٍ مِنْ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ أَنْ يُطَاعَ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ، أَلَا هَلْ أَسْمَعْتُ ؟".
It is narrated from Ubaidullah bin Umar that Umar bin Abdul Aziz, may Allah have mercy on him, delivered a sermon and said: O people! Indeed, after your Prophet, Allah has not sent any prophet, nor has He revealed any book after the book which He sent down upon him. Therefore, whatever has been declared lawful by your Prophet (peace be upon him) through his tongue is lawful until the Day of Resurrection, and whatever has been declared unlawful by your Prophet through his tongue is unlawful until the Day of Resurrection. Listen! I am not a judge, but a critic, and I am not an innovator, but a follower. And I am not better than you except that I have more burden (responsibility) upon me than you. And listen! There is no one among Allah’s creation whose obedience should be in the disobedience of Allah. Listen! Have I conveyed (the message) to you?
Hadith 448
أَخْبَرَنَا أَخْبَرَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ حُجَيْرٍ، قَالَ: كَانَ طَاوُسٌ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: "اتْرُكْهَا قَالَ: إِنَّمَا نُهِيَ عَنْهَا أَنْ تُتَّخَذُ سُلَّمًا، قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ نُهِيَ عَنْ صَلَاةٍ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ، فَلَا أَدْرِي أَتُعَذَّبُ عَلَيْهَا أَمْ تُؤْجَرُ، لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ: وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍ وَلا مُؤْمِنَةٍ إِذَا قَضَى اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَمْرًا أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُمُ الْخِيَرَةُ مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ وَمَنْ يَعْصِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ ضَلالا مُبِينًا سورة الأحزاب آية 36"، قَالَ سُفْيَانُ: "تُتَّخَذَ سُلَّمًا، يَقُولُ: يُصَلِّي بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ".
Hisham bin Hujair said: Imam Tawus, may Allah have mercy on him, used to pray two rak'ahs after the Asr prayer. So, Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, said to him: Leave it. Imam Tawus, may Allah have mercy on him, said: It was prohibited so that it would not become a means (for something else). Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, said: Indeed, any prayer after Asr has been forbidden, so I do not know whether you will be punished or rewarded for it, because Allah Almighty says: "It is not for a believing man or woman, when Allah and His Messenger have decided a matter, that they should have any choice in their affair. And whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger has certainly gone astray into clear error." [الاحزاب: 36/33] . Sufyan said: «تُتَّخَذَ سُلَّمًا» (i.e.) he says to pray from after Asr until night.
Hadith 449
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَلَاءِ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ مُجَالِدٍ، عَنْ عَامِرٍ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِنُسْخَةٍ مِنْ التَّوْرَاةِ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، هَذِهِ نُسْخَةٌ مِنْ التَّوْرَاةِ، فَسَكَتَ، فَجَعَلَ يَقْرَأُ وَوَجْهُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ يَتَغَيَّرُ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ عَلَيهِ: ثَكِلَتْكَ الثَّوَاكِلُ، مَا تَرَى مَا بِوَجْهِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ؟ فَنَظَرَ عُمَرُ إِلَى وَجْهِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ غَضَبِ اللَّهِ، وَمِنْ غَضَبِ رَسُولِهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، رَضِينَا بِاللَّهِ رَبًّا، وَبِالْإِسْلَامِ دِينًا، وَبِمُحَمَّدٍ نَبِيًّا، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: "وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ، لَوْ بَدَا لَكُمْ مُوسَى فَاتَّبَعْتُمُوهُ وَتَرَكْتُمُونِي، لَضَلَلْتُمْ عَنْ سَوَاءِ السَّبِيلِ، وَلَوْ كَانَ حَيًّا وَأَدْرَكَ نُبُوَّتِي لَاتَّبَعَنِي".
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna Umar bin Al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) with a copy of the Torah and said: “O Messenger of Allah! This is a copy of the Torah.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) remained silent, and Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) began to read it. The face of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) began to change. Then Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “May the mothers who lose (their children) lose you! Do you not see the face of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)?” So Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) looked at the face of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: “I seek refuge with Allah from the anger of Allah and the anger of His Messenger. We are pleased with Allah as our Lord, with Islam as our religion, and with Muhammad as our Prophet.” Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “By Him in Whose hand is the soul of Muhammad, if Musa (peace be upon him) were to appear among you and you were to follow him and leave me, you would surely go astray from the straight path. If he (Musa) were alive and found my prophethood, he would surely follow me.”
Hadith 450
حَدَّثَنَا قَبِيصَةُ، أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ شَيْخٌ مِنْ آلِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ: رَأَى سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيِّبِ رَجُلًا يُصَلِّي بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ يُكَبِّرُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ، أَيُعَذِّبُنِي اللَّهُ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ ؟، قَالَ: "لَا، وَلَكِنْ يُعَذِّبُكَ اللَّهُ بِخِلَافِ السُّنَّةِ".
A man from the family of Umar, Abu Rabah, said: Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) saw a man performing two rak'ahs of prayer excessively after 'Asr. He asked him: O Abu Muhammad! (the kunyah of Sa'id bin al-Musayyib) Will Allah punish me for praying? He replied: No (not for praying), but Allah will certainly punish you for opposing the Sunnah.
