سنن دارمي
Sunan ad-Darimi
مقدمهIntroduction
باب الْفُتْيَا وَمَا فِيهِ مِنَ الشِّدَّةِ:
Chapter: The Seriousness of Giving Religious Verdicts
Hadith 159
أَخْبَرَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: "أَجْرَؤُكُمْ عَلَى الْفُتْيَا، أَجْرَؤُكُمْ عَلَى النَّارِ".
It is narrated from Ubaidullah bin Abi Ja'far that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "The one among you who is the boldest in giving fatwas is the one who is the boldest in entering the Hellfire."
Hadith 160
أَخْبَرَنَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْمُغِيرَةِ، حَدَّثَنَا الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ، عَنْ عَبْدَةَ بْنِ أَبِي لُبَابَةَ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: "مَنْ أَحْدَثَ رَأْيًا لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ، وَلَمْ تَمْضِ بِهِ سُنَّةٌ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، لَمْ يَدْرِ عَلَى مَا هُوَ مِنْهُ إِذَا لَقِيَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ".
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Whoever says something that is not in the Book of Allah, nor from the sayings of the Messenger, and says it from his own opinion, then he does not know how much he will have to bear its consequences when he meets Allah, the Mighty and Majestic.
Hadith 161
أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ، حَدَّثَنِي بَكْرُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الْمَعَافِرِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: "مَنْ أُفْتِيَ بِفُتْيَا مِنْ غَيْرِ ثَبْتٍ فَإِنَّمَا إِثْمُهُ عَلَى مَنْ أَفْتَاهُ".
Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him): If a person is given a fatwa without evidence or proof, then its sin is upon the one who gave the fatwa.
Hadith 162
أَخْبَرَنَا أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي سِنَانٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: "مَنْ أَفْتَى بِفُتْيَا يُعَمَّى عَلَيْهَا، فَإِثْمُهَا عَلَيْه".
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Whoever gives a fatwa without knowledge or understanding, its sin will be upon him (the one who gave the fatwa).
Hadith 163
أَخْبَرَنَا أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الصَّلْتِ، حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرٌ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ بُرْقَانَ، حَدَّثَنَا مَيْمُونُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ، قَالَ: كَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، إِذَا وَرَدَ عَلَيْهِ الْخَصْمُ نَظَرَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ، فَإِنْ وَجَدَ فِيهِ مَا يَقْضِي بَيْنَهُمْ، قَضَى بِهِ، وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي الْكِتَابِ، وَعَلِمَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْأَمْرِ سُنَّةً، قَضَى بِهِ، فَإِنْ أَعْيَاهُ، خَرَجَ فَسَأَلَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، فَقَالَ: أَتَانِي كَذَا وَكَذَا، فَهَلْ عَلِمْتُمْ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَى فِي ذَلِكَ بِقَضَاءٍ ؟ فَرُبَّمَا اجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ النَّفَرُ كُلُّهُمْ يَذْكُرُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِيهِ قَضَاءً، فَيَقُولُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: "الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي جَعَلَ فِينَا مَنْ يَحْفَظُ عَلَى نَبِيِّنَا صَلَّي اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَإِنْ أَعْيَاهُ أَنْ يَجِدَ فِيهِ سُنَّةً مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، جَمَعَ رُؤُوسَ النَّاسِ وَخِيَارَهُمْ فَاسْتَشَارَهُمْ، فَإِذَا اجْتَمَعَ رَأْيُهُمْ عَلَى أَمْرٍ، قَضَى بِهِ".
It is narrated from Maymun bin Mehran that when any dispute came to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), he would refer to the Holy Qur'an, and if he found its solution therein, he would decide accordingly. If he did not find the matter in the Book of Allah and had any knowledge from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) regarding that matter, he would decide according to that. And if he did not remember anything himself, he would go out and say to the other Companions: "Such and such a matter has come to me; do any of you have any knowledge from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) regarding this matter?" Sometimes, some people would unanimously inform him of the decision of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in this regard. Upon this, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) would say: "Thanks be to the One who has created among us such people who remember the sayings of their Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)." And if they too did not find any Sunnah of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him), then he would gather selected noble persons and consult them, and whatever they all agreed upon, he would issue the decision accordingly.
Hadith 164
أَخْبَرَنَا أَخْبَرَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى، وَعَمْرُو بْنُ زُرَارة، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سُهَيْلٍ، قَالَ: كَانَ عَلَى امْرَأَتِي اعْتِكَافُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ، فَسَأَلْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، وَعِنْدَهُ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ عَلَيْهَا صِيَامٌ، قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ: لَا يَكُونُ اعْتِكَافٌ إِلَّا بِصِيَامٍ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ: أَعَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ؟، قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ: فَعَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؟، قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ: فَعَنْ عُمَرَ ؟، قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ: فَعَنْ عُثْمَانَ ؟، قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ عُمَرُ: مَا أَرَى عَلَيْهَا صِيَامًا، فَخَرَجْتُ فَوَجَدْتُ طَاوُسًا، وَعَطَاءَ بْنَ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ، فَسَأَلْتُهُمَا، فَقَالَ طَاوُسٌ: كَانَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، "لَا يَرَى عَلَيْهَا صِيَامًا إِلَّا أَنْ تَجْعَلَهُ عَلَى نَفْسِهَا"، قَالَ: وَقَالَ عَطَاءٌ: ذَلِكَ رَأْيِي.
Abu Sahl (Nafi’ bin Malik al-Asbahi) said: My wife had vowed to perform i’tikaf for three days in Masjid al-Haram. I asked Umar bin Abdul Aziz about this, and at that time Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri was also present with him. I said: Is fasting also obligatory upon her? Ibn Shihab said: There is no i’tikaf without fasting. Umar bin Abdul Aziz said to him: Is anything like this narrated from the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)? Zuhri said: No. He asked: Did our master Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) say anything like this? He said: No. He asked: So did our master Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) say this? He said: No. He asked: Did our master Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) say this? He replied: No. So Umar bin Abdul Aziz said: In my opinion, fasting is not obligatory upon her. After that, I left from there and met Tawus and Ata bin Abi Rabah, so I asked them about this issue as well. Thus, Tawus replied that our master Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) did not consider fasting necessary in such a case (i.e., in i’tikaf of vow), unless she also intended to fast. Ata said: This is also my opinion.
Hadith 165
حَدَّثَنَا حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَقِيلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ الْجُرَيْرِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِي نَضْرَةَ، قَالَ: لَمَّا قَدِمَ أَبُو سَلَمَةَ الْبَصْرَةَ، أَتَيْتُهُ أَنَا، وَالْحَسَنُ، "فَقَالَ لِلْحَسَنِ: أَنْتَ الْحَسَنُ ؟ مَا كَانَ أَحَدٌ بِالْبَصْرَةِ أَحَبَّ إِلَيَّ لِقَاءً مِنْكَ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّكَ تُفْتِي بِرَأْيِكَ، فَلَا تُفْتِ بِرَأْيِكَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ سُنَّةٌ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، أَوْ كِتَابٌ مُنْزَلٌ".
It is narrated from Abu Nadrah (Munzir bin Malik) that when Abu Salamah came to Basra, I and Sayyiduna Hasan (may Allah be pleased with him) went to him. He asked Sayyiduna Hasan (may Allah be pleased with him): "Are you Hasan? In Basra, there is no one I wished to meet more than you, and this is because I have learned that you issue fatwas based on your own opinion. (Therefore, listen:) Do not issue any fatwa based on your own opinion. If there is something in the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) or in the Holy Qur'an, then mention only that."
Hadith 166
أَخْبَرَنَا أَخْبَرَنَا عِصْمَةُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ، حَدَّثَنَا زَيْدُ بْنُ الْحُبَابِ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا الضَّحَّاكُ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ لَقِيَهُ فِي الطَّوَافِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: "يَا أَبَا الشَّعْثَاءِ إِنَّكَ مِنْ فُقَهَاءِ الْبَصْرَةِ فَلَا تُفْتِ إِلَّا بِقُرْآنٍ نَاطِقٍ، أَوْ سُنَّةٍ مَاضِيَةٍ، فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ فَعَلْتَ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ، هَلَكْتَ وَأَهْلَكْتَ".
It is narrated from Jabir bin Zaid that Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) met him while performing Tawaf, so he said: Abu Sha’tha! You are among the jurists of Basra, so give fatwa only according to the explicit text of the Qur’an and the established Sunnah. If you act contrary to this, you will destroy yourself and destroy others as well.
Hadith 167
أَخْبَرَنَا أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ عُمَارَةَ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حُرَيْثِ بْنِ ظُهَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: "أَتَى عَلَيْنَا زَمَانٌ لَسْنَا نَقْضِي وَلَسْنَا هُنَالِكَ، وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ قَدَّرَ مِنْ الْأَمْرِ أَنْ قَدْ بَلَغْنَا مَا تَرَوْنَ، فَمَنْ عَرَضَ لَهُ قَضَاءٌ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ، فَلْيَقْضِ فِيهِ بِمَا فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، فَإِنْ جَاءَهُ مَا لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ، فَلْيَقْضِ بِمَا قَضَى بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَإِنْ جَاءَهُ مَا لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ، وَلَمْ يَقْضِ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَلْيَقْضِ بِمَا قَضَى بِهِ الصَّالِحُونَ، وَلَا يَقُلْ إِنِّي أَخَافُ، وَإِنِّي أُرَى، فَإِنَّ الْحَرَامَ بَيِّنٌ، وَالْحَلَالَ بَيِّنٌ، وَبَيْنَ ذَلِكَ أُمُورٌ مُشْتَبِهَةٌ، فَدَعْ مَا يَرِيبُكَ إِلَى مَا لَا يَرِيبُكَ".
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: There was a time upon us when neither did we give fatwas nor were we worthy of it, but Allah the Exalted decreed otherwise and you see the state we have reached. From today onwards, whoever is faced with any matter should decide according to what is present in the Book of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic. And if such a matter arises which is not found in the Book of Allah, then he should decide as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) decided. Then if such an issue comes up which is neither in the Book of Allah nor did the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) make a decision about it, then he should decide as the pious predecessors decided, and he should not say, "I fear" or "this is my opinion," because the unlawful is clear and the lawful is also evident, and between the lawful and unlawful are some doubtful matters. So, leave that in which you have doubt and adopt that in which there is no doubt or suspicion.
Hadith 168
أَخْبَرَنَا أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي يَزِيدَ، قَالَ: كَانَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ "إِذَا سُئِلَ عَنْ الْأَمْرِ فَكَانَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ، أَخْبَرَ بِهِ، وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي الْقُرْآنِ وَكَانَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، أَخْبَرَ بِهِ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ، فَعَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَعُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ، قَالَ فِيهِ بِرَأْيِهِ".
It is narrated from Ubaidullah bin Abi Yazid that when a matter was asked of Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), if it was mentioned in the Holy Qur'an, he would inform of it. If it was not in the Noble Qur'an but found in the hadith of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), he would inform of it. And if it was not in the hadith either, he would look at the verdicts of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr and Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both). If he did not find the matter there either, then he would express his own opinion regarding it.
Hadith 169
أَخْبَرَنَا أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُسْهِرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاق، عَنْ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ شُرَيْحٍ: أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ: "إِنْ جَاءَكَ شَيْءٌ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ، فَاقْضِ بِهِ وَلَا تَلْفِتْكَ عَنْهُ الرِّجَالُ، فَإِنْ جَاءَكَ مَا لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَانْظُرْ سُنَّةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَاقْضِ بِهَا، فَإِنْ جَاءَكَ مَا لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ سُنَّةٌ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَانْظُرْ مَا اجْتَمَعَ عَلَيْهِ النَّاسُ فَخُذْ بِهِ، فَإِنْ جَاءَكَ مَا لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ فِي سُنَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَلَمْ يَتَكَلَّمْ فِيهِ أَحَدٌ قَبْلَكَ، فَاخْتَرْ أَيَّ الْأَمْرَيْنِ شِئْتَ: إِنْ شِئْتَ أَنْ تَجْتَهِدَ بِرَأْيَكَ ثُمَّ تُقَدَّمَ فَتَقَدَّمْ، وَإِنْ شِئْتَ أَنْ تَتَأَخَّرَ، فَتَأَخَّرْ، وَلَا أَرَى التَّأَخُّرَ إِلَّا خَيْرًا لَكَ".
It is narrated from Qadi Shurayh that Sayyiduna Umar bin Al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, wrote to him: If a matter comes to you which is found in the Noble Qur'an, then decide according to it, and do not turn to people's (opinions). And if a matter comes to you which is not in the Book of Allah, then look to the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, and decide according to it. And if such a matter comes before you in which there is no guidance in the Book of Allah or the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, then look at the consensus of the people regarding it and adopt that. And if an issue arises which is neither in the Book of Allah, nor in the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, nor has anyone before you said anything about it, then choose one of two things: if you wish, exercise ijtihad and express your opinion, and if you wish, refrain. And I consider refraining to be better for you.
Hadith 170
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَمَّادٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ الثَّقَفِيِّ، عَنْ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَمْرِو ابْنِ أَخِي الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ، عَنْ نَاسٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ حِمْصٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ مُعَاذٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، عَنْ مُعَاذٍ، أَنّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمَّا بَعَثَهُ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ، قَالَ: "أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ عَرَضَ لَكَ قَضَاءٌ كَيْفَ تَقْضِي ؟"، قَالَ: أَقْضِي بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ: "فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ ؟"، قَالَ: فَبِسُنَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: "فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي سُنَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ؟"، قَالَ: أَجْتَهِدُ رَأْيِي وَلَا آلُو، قَالَ: فَضَرَبَ صَدْرَهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: "الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي وَفَّقَ رَسُولَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ لِمَا يُرْضِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ".
Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that when the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) sent him towards Yemen, he asked, "If a case comes before you, how will you decide it?" He replied, "I will decide according to the Book of Allah." The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, "If the matter is not found in the Book of Allah, then what will you do?" He replied, "I will decide according to the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)." He said, "If the matter is not found in the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah either, then what will you do?" He replied, "I will exercise my judgment with careful thought and will not fall short." The narrator said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) patted the chest of Sayyiduna Mu'adh (may Allah be pleased with him) (as a gesture of approval) and said, "All praise is due to Allah Who has granted the messenger of the Messenger of Allah the ability to do that which pleases and satisfies the Messenger of Allah."
Hadith 171
أَخْبَرَنَا أَخْبَرَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَمَّادٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ عُمَارَةَ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حُرَيْثِ بْنِ ظُهَيْرٍ، قَالَ: أَحْسَبُ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: "قَدْ أَتَى عَلَيْنَا زَمَانٌ وَمَا نُسْأَلُ، وَمَا نَحْنُ هُنَاكَ، وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدَّرَ أَنْ بَلَغْتُ مَا تَرَوْنَ، فَإِذَا سُئِلْتُمْ عَنْ شَيْءٍ، فَانْظُرُوا فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، فَإِنْ لَمْ تَجِدُوهُ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَفِي سُنَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ، فَإِنْ لَمْ تَجِدُوهُ فِي سُنَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ، فَمَا أَجْمَعَ عَلَيْهِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيمَا أَجْمَعَ عَلَيْهِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ، فَاجْتَهِدْ رَأْيَكَ، وَلَا تَقُلْ: إِنِّي أَخَافُ وَأَخْشَى، فَإِنَّ الْحَلَالَ بَيِّنٌ، وَالْحَرَامَ بَيِّنٌ، وَبَيْنَ ذَلِكَ أُمُورٌ مُشْتَبِهَةٌ، فَدَعْ مَا يَرِيبُكَ إِلَى مَا لَا يَرِيبُكَ" . .
Harith bin Zuhair said: I think that Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: There was a time upon us when we did not ask any questions, as if we did not even exist in that era, and Allah Almighty decreed that now I have reached the state as you see. So when you are asked about any matter, seek it in the Book of Allah; if you do not find it in the Book of Allah, then seek it in the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him); and if you do not find it in the Sunnah of the Messenger, then look at what the Muslims have agreed upon; and if you do not find the matter in the consensus of the Muslims, then reflect and exercise ijtihad, and do not say, "I fear" or "I am afraid." Surely, the lawful is clear and the unlawful is also clear, and between the two are some doubtful matters, so leave that which is doubtful and adopt that which is certain.
Hadith 172
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَوَانَةَ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ عُمَارَةَ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَن عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، نَحْوَهُ . .
Abdur Rahman bin Yazid also narrated the aforementioned narration from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him).
Hadith 173
أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَن عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، بِنَحْوِهِ . .
Qasim bin Abdur Rahman narrated from his father, who narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) in the same manner.
Hadith 174
أَخْبَرَنَا أَخْبَرَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ، حَدَّثَنَا الْأَعْمَشُ، قَالَ: قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ: "أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّكُمْ سَتُحْدِثُونَ وَيُحْدَثُ لَكُمْ، فَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمْ مُحْدَثَةً فَعَلَيْكُمْ بِالْأَمْرِ الْأَوَّلِ"، قَالَ حَفْصٌ: كُنْتُ أُسْنِدُ، عَنْ حَبِيبٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، ثُمَّ دَخَلَنِي مِنْهُ شَكٌّ.
A‘mash (Sulaiman bin Mehran) narrated that Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas‘ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O people! You will invent new things and new things will be invented for you, so when you see any new matter, hold fast to the original way. The narrator Hafs bin Ghiyath said: Previously, I used to narrate this athar from Habib (bin Thabit) from Abu Abdur Rahman al-Sulami, but then I became doubtful about it, (and he narrated this report from A‘mash from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas‘ud (may Allah be pleased with him), in which there is a break in the chain).
Hadith 175
أَخْبَرَنَا أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الصَّلْتِ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَوْنٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ عُمَرُ لِابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ: "أَلَمْ أُنْبَأْ أَوْ أُنْبِئْتُ أَنَّكَ تُفْتِي وَلَسْتَ بِأَمِيرٍ ؟ وَلِّ حَارَّهَا مَنْ تَوَلَّى قَارَّهَا".
Imam Muhammad bin Sirin, may Allah have mercy on him, said that Sayyiduna Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, said to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him: "I have heard that you give fatwas even though you are not the leader. Leave each matter to the one it is suited for."
