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سنن دارمي
Darimi
من كتاب الوصاياFrom the Book of Wills
باب الْوَصِيَّةِ بِالثُّلُثِ:Chapter on bequeathing a third
Hadith 3228
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاق، عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: "اشْتَكَيْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ حَتَّى أُدْنِفْتُ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعُودُنِي، فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، مَا أُرَانِي إِلَّا أَلَمَّ بِي وَأَنَا ذُو مَالٍ كَثِيرٍ، وَإِنَّمَا يَرِثُنِي ابْنَةٌ لِي، أَفَأَتَصَدَّقُ بِمَالِي كُلِّهِ ؟ قَالَ: لَا، قُلْتُ: فَبِنِصْفِهِ ؟ قَال: لَا، قُلْتُ: فَالثُّلُثِ ؟ قَالَ: الثُّلُثُ، وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ، إِنَّكَ إِنْ تَتْرُكْ وَرَثَتَكَ أَغْنِيَاءَ، خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَتْرُكَهُمْ فُقَرَاءَ يَتَكَفَّفُونَ النَّاسَ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ، وَإِنَّكَ لَا تُنْفِقُ نَفَقَةً إِلَّا آجَرَكَ اللَّهُ فِيهَا، حَتَّى مَا تَجْعَلُ فِي فِي امْرَأَتِكَ".
Aamir bin Sa’d narrated from his father (Sayyiduna Sa’d bin Abi Waqqas, may Allah be pleased with him) that I was with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) during the Farewell Pilgrimage when I fell ill and was close to death. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to visit me, so I said: O Messenger of Allah! I think I will not survive this illness, and I am very wealthy, and I have no heir except one daughter. Should I give all my wealth in charity? He said: “No.” I said: Then should I give half my wealth in charity? He said: “No.” I said: Then should I give a third of my wealth in charity? He said: “Yes, you may give a third in charity.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “A third, and a third is still a lot. Indeed, if you leave your heirs wealthy, that is better than leaving them poor, begging from people. And whatever you spend, Allah the Exalted will reward you for it, even for the morsel that you put in your wife’s mouth.”
Brief Explanation
(Commentary on Hadith 3227)
From this hadith, it is understood that spending on one’s wife and children, feeding and clothing them from lawful earnings, also carries reward and merit, and a person should spend on his family and dependents.
There is great virtue in spending in charitable works or making a bequest for such purposes, but it is also not correct to leave one’s heirs in a state of poverty and distress. Islam teaches moderation in every matter: «﴿وَلَا تَجْعَلْ يَدَكَ مَغْلُولَةً إِلَى عُنُقِكَ وَلَا تَبْسُطْهَا كُلَّ الْبَسْطِ فَتَقْعُدَ مَلُومًا مَحْسُورًا﴾ [بني إسرائيل : 29]» that is, a person should neither act with miserliness nor spend everything in extravagance and wastefulness, only to regret and blame himself later.
From this hadith, it is understood that spending on one’s wife and children, feeding and clothing them from lawful earnings, also carries reward and merit, and a person should spend on his family and dependents.
There is great virtue in spending in charitable works or making a bequest for such purposes, but it is also not correct to leave one’s heirs in a state of poverty and distress. Islam teaches moderation in every matter: «﴿وَلَا تَجْعَلْ يَدَكَ مَغْلُولَةً إِلَى عُنُقِكَ وَلَا تَبْسُطْهَا كُلَّ الْبَسْطِ فَتَقْعُدَ مَلُومًا مَحْسُورًا﴾ [بني إسرائيل : 29]» that is, a person should neither act with miserliness nor spend everything in extravagance and wastefulness, only to regret and blame himself later.
