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سنن دارمي
Darimi
من كتاب الرقاقFrom the Book of Heart-Softeners
باب في الطَّاعَةِ وَلُزُومِ الْجَمَاعَةِ:Chapter on obedience and sticking to the community
Hadith 2832
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا الْحَكَمُ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، أَخْبَرَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي زُرَيْقُ بْنُ حَيَّانَ مَوْلَى بَنِي فَزَارَةَ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ مُسْلِمَ بْنَ قَرَظَةَ الْأَشْجَعِيَّ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ عَوْفَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ الْأَشْجَعِيَّ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ , يَقُولُ: "خِيَارُ أَئِمَّتِكُمْ الَّذِينَ تُحِبُّونَهُمْ وَيُحِبُّونَكُمْ، وَتُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَيُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْكُمْ، وَشِرَارُ أَئِمَّتِكُمْ، الَّذِينَ تُبْغِضُونَهُمْ وَيُبْغِضُونَكُمْ، وَتَلْعَنُونَهُمْ وَيَلْعَنُونَكُمْ". قُلْنَا: أَفَلَا نُنَابِذُهُمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ ؟ قَالَ: "لَا، مَا أَقَامُوا فِيكُمْ الصَّلَاةَ، أَلَا مَنْ وُلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ وَالٍ فَرَآهُ يَأْتِي شَيْئًا مِنْ مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ، فَلْيَكْرَهْ مَا يَأْتِي مِنْ مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ، وَلَا يَنْزِعَنَّ يَدًا مِنْ طَاعَةٍ" . قَالَ ابْنُ جَابِرٍ: فَقُلْتُ: آللَّهِ يَا أَبَا الْمِقْدَامِ ! آللَّهِ، أَسَمِعْتَ هَذَا مِنْ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ قَرَظَةَ ؟ فَاسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ، وَجَثَا عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ , فَقَالَ: آللَّهِ لَسَمِعْتُ هَذَا مِنْ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ قَرَظَةَ , يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ عَمِّي عَوْفَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ , يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُهُ.
Sayyiduna Awf bin Malik Ashja'i (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "The best of your rulers are those whom you love and they love you, you pray for their well-being and they pray for your well-being; and the worst of your rulers are those whom you dislike and they dislike you, you curse them and they curse you." We said: O Messenger of Allah! Should we not break allegiance to them and rebel against them? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "No, as long as they establish prayer among you. But if anyone sees a ruler committing a sinful act, he should dislike that act, but should not withdraw his obedience." The narrator of this hadith, Abdur Rahman bin Jabir, said: I said to Zuraik bin Hayan: O Abu al-Miqdam! I ask you by Allah, did you hear this hadith from Muslim bin Qarza? Upon hearing this, Zuraik knelt on his knees and turned his face towards the Qiblah and said: By Allah, indeed I heard this hadith from Muslim bin Qarza, who used to say: My uncle, Sayyiduna Awf bin Malik Ashja'i (may Allah be pleased with him), used to say: I heard this hadith from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).
Brief Explanation
(Commentary on Hadith 2831)
In this hadith, both types of rulers have been identified: one, those rulers who are well-wishers of the people and provide them with justice and fairness—these are the best rulers. The people pray for them, and they pray for the people. The second are the worst rulers, who are only concerned with their own power and interests. They have no interest in providing justice and fairness to the people or in solving their problems. Everyone curses them, and they, in turn, speak ill of the people.
In reality, this encourages rulers to act with justice and fairness, because this is the only way to become beloved in the sight of Allah and among the people.
And as for oppressive rulers, as long as they do not commit clear disbelief (kufr sariḥ), and as long as they uphold the symbols of Islam, especially the establishment of prayer (salah), it is not permissible to revolt or rebel against them, as is mentioned in this hadith and as the noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum) practiced. The leader and ruler remained with the general Muslims and with the congregation; neither did they rebel nor did they disobey the command.
Once, a group of young men came to Samahat al-Shaykh Ibn Baz (rahimahullah) and criticized the rulers greatly; in fact, some of them adopted a harsh tone and spoke of rebellion. The respected Shaykh (rahimahullah), with perfect compassion and wisdom, said to them: “There are indeed many faults in them, but do you find any of them committing clear disbelief (kufr sariḥ)?” All became silent, and this fitnah was suppressed at that time.
May Allah Ta’ala grant today’s youth insight and understanding, ameen.
In this hadith, both types of rulers have been identified: one, those rulers who are well-wishers of the people and provide them with justice and fairness—these are the best rulers. The people pray for them, and they pray for the people. The second are the worst rulers, who are only concerned with their own power and interests. They have no interest in providing justice and fairness to the people or in solving their problems. Everyone curses them, and they, in turn, speak ill of the people.
In reality, this encourages rulers to act with justice and fairness, because this is the only way to become beloved in the sight of Allah and among the people.
And as for oppressive rulers, as long as they do not commit clear disbelief (kufr sariḥ), and as long as they uphold the symbols of Islam, especially the establishment of prayer (salah), it is not permissible to revolt or rebel against them, as is mentioned in this hadith and as the noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum) practiced. The leader and ruler remained with the general Muslims and with the congregation; neither did they rebel nor did they disobey the command.
Once, a group of young men came to Samahat al-Shaykh Ibn Baz (rahimahullah) and criticized the rulers greatly; in fact, some of them adopted a harsh tone and spoke of rebellion. The respected Shaykh (rahimahullah), with perfect compassion and wisdom, said to them: “There are indeed many faults in them, but do you find any of them committing clear disbelief (kufr sariḥ)?” All became silent, and this fitnah was suppressed at that time.
May Allah Ta’ala grant today’s youth insight and understanding, ameen.
