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سنن دارمي
Darimi
من كتاب الرقاقFrom the Book of Heart-Softeners
باب في الْعَدْلِ بَيْنَ الرَّعِيَّةِ:Chapter on justice among subjects
Hadith 2831
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْأَشْهَبِ: جَعْفَرُ بْنُ حَيَّانَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ: أَنَّ عُبَيْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ زِيَادٍ عَادَ مَعْقِلَ بْنَ يَسَارٍ فِي مَرَضِهِ الَّذِي مَاتَ فِيهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ مَعْقِلٌ: إِنِّي مُحَدِّثُكَ بِحَدِيثٍ سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَوْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ بِي حَيَاةً مَا حَدَّثْتُكَ، إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، يَقُولُ: "مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ يَسْتَرْعِيهِ اللَّهُ رَعِيَّةً، يَمُوتُ يَوْمَ يَمُوتُ، وَهُوَ غَاشٌّ لِرَعِيَّتِهِ، إِلَّا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ الْجَنَّةَ".
Ubaidullah bin Ziyad came to visit our master Ma'qil bin Yasar (may Allah be pleased with him) during the illness in which he passed away. So our master Ma'qil (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I will narrate to you a hadith which I heard from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and if I knew that my life would continue, I would not narrate it. I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "There is no servant whom Allah makes a ruler over a people, and he dies while being deceitful to his subjects, except that Allah will make Paradise forbidden for him."
Brief Explanation
(Commentary on Hadith 2830)
Sayyiduna Ma'qil bin Yasar radi Allahu anhu was a venerable Companion, among the Ashab al-Shajarah, and Ubaydullah bin Ziyad was a tyrannical and bloodthirsty ruler whom Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah radi Allahu anhu had appointed as governor. Sayyiduna Ma'qil radi Allahu anhu narrated this hadith to him at the time of his death because he knew that this hadith would not benefit that ruler, or perhaps people, upon hearing this hadith, would not obey Ubaydullah and discord would arise, or he might harm them.
Then he considered that concealing the hadith was not better, and that it was necessary to convey a good word, whether he accepts it or not.
What is meant by betrayal in rights is that it is necessary for the ruler to rectify both the religious and worldly affairs of his subjects. Then, if he corrupts the religion of the people and abandons the prescribed limits (hudud shar‘iyyah), or unjustly transgresses against their lives and wealth, or commits any other kind of injustice, or deprives them of their rights, then he has betrayed his official duty. Now he is among the people of Hellfire; if he considered it lawful, he will be deprived of Paradise forever, otherwise, at the very outset, when all the other people of Paradise enter Paradise, he will be deprived of entering Paradise.
(Nawawi).
And Allah knows best.
Sayyiduna Ma'qil bin Yasar radi Allahu anhu was a venerable Companion, among the Ashab al-Shajarah, and Ubaydullah bin Ziyad was a tyrannical and bloodthirsty ruler whom Sayyiduna Mu'awiyah radi Allahu anhu had appointed as governor. Sayyiduna Ma'qil radi Allahu anhu narrated this hadith to him at the time of his death because he knew that this hadith would not benefit that ruler, or perhaps people, upon hearing this hadith, would not obey Ubaydullah and discord would arise, or he might harm them.
Then he considered that concealing the hadith was not better, and that it was necessary to convey a good word, whether he accepts it or not.
What is meant by betrayal in rights is that it is necessary for the ruler to rectify both the religious and worldly affairs of his subjects. Then, if he corrupts the religion of the people and abandons the prescribed limits (hudud shar‘iyyah), or unjustly transgresses against their lives and wealth, or commits any other kind of injustice, or deprives them of their rights, then he has betrayed his official duty. Now he is among the people of Hellfire; if he considered it lawful, he will be deprived of Paradise forever, otherwise, at the very outset, when all the other people of Paradise enter Paradise, he will be deprived of entering Paradise.
(Nawawi).
And Allah knows best.
