Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
سنن دارمي
Darimi
من كتاب البيوعFrom the Book of Sales
باب في النَّهْيِ عَنِ الْمُخَابَرَةِ:Chapter on the prohibition of sharecropping (mukhābara)
Hadith 2652
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُسْهِرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاق الشَّيْبَانِيِّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ مَعْقِلٍ عَنِ الْمُزَارَعَةِ، فَقَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي ثَابِتُ بْنُ الضَّحَّاكِ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ: أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ"نَهَى عَنِ الْمُزَارَعَةِ" . قَالَ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ: تَقُولُ بِهِ ؟ . قَالَ: لَا أَقُولُ بِالْأَوَّلِ.
Abdullah bin Sa’ib said: I asked Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mughaffal (may Allah be pleased with him) about sharecropping, so he said: Sayyiduna Thabit bin Dhahhak Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) told me that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade sharecropping (i.e., giving land on a share of the produce). The narrator asked Imam Darimi (may Allah have mercy on him): Do you also say the same? He replied: No, I follow the first opinion.
Brief Explanation
(Commentary on Hadith 2651)
This hadith indicates the prohibition of sharecropping (muzara‘ah), and apparently, it seems to be in contradiction and opposition to those ahadith in which its permission has been granted, as has been mentioned above. However, in Abu Dawud, this objection is also resolved through the narration of Sayyiduna ‘Urwah radi Allahu anhu.
Accordingly, he says that Sayyiduna Zayd bin Thabit radi Allahu anhu said: May Allah forgive Sayyiduna Rafi‘ bin Khadij radi Allahu anhu. I swear by Allah that I have more knowledge of this hadith than he does. The reality is that two Ansari men came to the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, both disputing with each other. Seeing this situation, the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said: If this is your condition, then do not give your land for cultivation on contract. Sayyiduna Rafi‘ radi Allahu anhu did not hear the first part of the hadith and only heard «لا تكرو المزارع», therefore he could not understand the correct situation. The statement of Sayyiduna Ibn ‘Abbas radi Allahu anhuma is that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam did not prohibit it, but rather said that it is better for one of you to give his land to his brother for benefit than to take a known and specified share in return. It has also been said that the prohibition in this hadith refers to the method that was prevalent before Islam. Furthermore, it has also been said that this prohibition is to be understood as discouragement (tanzihi) rather than absolute prohibition.
The reality is that, at the beginning of Islam, the Muhajirun were in need and did not possess land. The Ansar had plenty of land, so just as the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam established brotherhood between them, in the same way, as a matter of wisdom, he prohibited sharecropping (muzara‘ah) so that the Ansar would grant their land to their homeless Muhajir brothers as a favor, without any share in the produce.
(And Allah knows best).
This hadith indicates the prohibition of sharecropping (muzara‘ah), and apparently, it seems to be in contradiction and opposition to those ahadith in which its permission has been granted, as has been mentioned above. However, in Abu Dawud, this objection is also resolved through the narration of Sayyiduna ‘Urwah radi Allahu anhu.
Accordingly, he says that Sayyiduna Zayd bin Thabit radi Allahu anhu said: May Allah forgive Sayyiduna Rafi‘ bin Khadij radi Allahu anhu. I swear by Allah that I have more knowledge of this hadith than he does. The reality is that two Ansari men came to the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, both disputing with each other. Seeing this situation, the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said: If this is your condition, then do not give your land for cultivation on contract. Sayyiduna Rafi‘ radi Allahu anhu did not hear the first part of the hadith and only heard «لا تكرو المزارع», therefore he could not understand the correct situation. The statement of Sayyiduna Ibn ‘Abbas radi Allahu anhuma is that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam did not prohibit it, but rather said that it is better for one of you to give his land to his brother for benefit than to take a known and specified share in return. It has also been said that the prohibition in this hadith refers to the method that was prevalent before Islam. Furthermore, it has also been said that this prohibition is to be understood as discouragement (tanzihi) rather than absolute prohibition.
The reality is that, at the beginning of Islam, the Muhajirun were in need and did not possess land. The Ansar had plenty of land, so just as the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam established brotherhood between them, in the same way, as a matter of wisdom, he prohibited sharecropping (muzara‘ah) so that the Ansar would grant their land to their homeless Muhajir brothers as a favor, without any share in the produce.
(And Allah knows best).
