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سنن دارمي
Darimi
من كتاب البيوعFrom the Book of Sales
باب في النَّهْيِ عَنْ ثَمَنِ الْكَلْبِ:Chapter: Prohibition of Selling Dogs
Hadith 2604
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي الزُّهْرِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنِ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ، قَالَ: "نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ ثَمَنِ الْكَلْبِ، وَمَهْرِ الْبَغِيِّ، وَحُلْوَانِ الْكَاهِنِ"، قَالَ عَبْد اللَّهِ: حُلْوَانُ الْكَاهِنِ، مَا يُعْطَى عَلَى كَهَانَتِهِ.
Sayyiduna Abu Mas'ud Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade the price of a dog, the earnings and wages of an immoral and adulterous woman, and the gift given to a soothsayer.
Imam Darimi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: By the gift given to a soothsayer is meant the wage he takes for telling unseen matters.
Imam Darimi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: By the gift given to a soothsayer is meant the wage he takes for telling unseen matters.
Brief Explanation
(Commentary on Hadith 2603)
In this hadith, «مَهْرِ الْبَغِيِّ» refers to the earnings that a fornicating woman acquires in exchange for fornication; it is metaphorically called a dowry (mahr).
A "kahin" is one who claims to know hidden and concealed secrets and to predict future events; included in this are the "arraf" (soothsayer), astrologer, etc.
«حُلْوَانِ الْكَاهِنِ» refers to the compensation and wage given to the kahin in return for his practice of soothsaying. This is derived from the word "halawah," which means sweetness and pleasantness, indicating the effortless gain that the astrologer or kahin receives. In «الْكَلْبِ», the definite article "al" is for definition, which denotes the entire genus of dogs, meaning that it is not permissible to give or take the price of any dog, whether it is for hunting or for guarding.
All three of the aforementioned things are, according to the statement of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, unlawful in Islam. In fact, giving and taking the price of a dog, the earnings of a fornicating woman, and the wage of a kahin are all forbidden, because the dog is itself impure (najis), and therefore taking the price of something forbidden is also forbidden; fornication is absolutely forbidden in Islam, so its earnings are also forbidden; the profession of soothsaying is forbidden, so its wage is also forbidden.
According to Imam Abu Hanifah rahimahullah, the sale of a hunting or beneficial dog is permissible.
In this hadith, «مَهْرِ الْبَغِيِّ» refers to the earnings that a fornicating woman acquires in exchange for fornication; it is metaphorically called a dowry (mahr).
A "kahin" is one who claims to know hidden and concealed secrets and to predict future events; included in this are the "arraf" (soothsayer), astrologer, etc.
«حُلْوَانِ الْكَاهِنِ» refers to the compensation and wage given to the kahin in return for his practice of soothsaying. This is derived from the word "halawah," which means sweetness and pleasantness, indicating the effortless gain that the astrologer or kahin receives. In «الْكَلْبِ», the definite article "al" is for definition, which denotes the entire genus of dogs, meaning that it is not permissible to give or take the price of any dog, whether it is for hunting or for guarding.
All three of the aforementioned things are, according to the statement of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, unlawful in Islam. In fact, giving and taking the price of a dog, the earnings of a fornicating woman, and the wage of a kahin are all forbidden, because the dog is itself impure (najis), and therefore taking the price of something forbidden is also forbidden; fornication is absolutely forbidden in Islam, so its earnings are also forbidden; the profession of soothsaying is forbidden, so its wage is also forbidden.
According to Imam Abu Hanifah rahimahullah, the sale of a hunting or beneficial dog is permissible.
