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سنن دارمي
Darimi
من كتاب البيوعFrom the Book of Sales
باب في الْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ:Chapter: On Crop-Sharing and Barter
Hadith 2593
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَوْنٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ح وحَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ، قَالَ: "نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ" . قَالَ عَبْد اللَّهِ: الْمُحَاقَلَةُ: بَيْعُ الزَّرْعِ بِالْبُرِّ . وَقَالُوا: كَذَلِكَ يَقُولُ ابْنُ الْمُسَيَّبِ.
Sayyiduna Abu Sa‘id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade muhaqala and muzabana.
Imam Darimi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Muhaqala is selling standing crops of ears (of grain) in exchange for wheat. Ibn al-Musayyib also said the same.
Imam Darimi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Muhaqala is selling standing crops of ears (of grain) in exchange for wheat. Ibn al-Musayyib also said the same.
Brief Explanation
(Commentary on Hadith 2592)
Imam Darimi rahimahullah has defined "muhaqalah" as selling grains that are still in the ear in exchange for old (harvested) grain. "Muzabanah" refers to the sale in which fruit still on the tree is sold in exchange for similar fruit that is dried (such as grapes, dates, etc.), meaning muhaqalah pertains to the sale of grain and the like, while muzabanah pertains to the sale of fruits. Both of these types of sales are prohibited (haram). The reason for this prohibition is that the exact quantity of the crop standing in the ears or the fruit on the tree cannot be known—how much of the fresh fruit will remain after it is dried is uncertain; there is a possibility of it being more or less. In both cases, either the seller or the buyer may incur a loss.
Imam Darimi rahimahullah has defined "muhaqalah" as selling grains that are still in the ear in exchange for old (harvested) grain. "Muzabanah" refers to the sale in which fruit still on the tree is sold in exchange for similar fruit that is dried (such as grapes, dates, etc.), meaning muhaqalah pertains to the sale of grain and the like, while muzabanah pertains to the sale of fruits. Both of these types of sales are prohibited (haram). The reason for this prohibition is that the exact quantity of the crop standing in the ears or the fruit on the tree cannot be known—how much of the fresh fruit will remain after it is dried is uncertain; there is a possibility of it being more or less. In both cases, either the seller or the buyer may incur a loss.
