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Hadith 2105

أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ، عَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ، قَالَ: كَانَ رَجُلٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ أَبُو شُعَيْبٍ، وَكَانَ لَهُ غُلَامٌ لَحَّامٌ، فَقَالَ: اصْنَعْ لِي طَعَامًا أَدْعُو رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَامِسَ خَمْسَةٍ . قَالَ: فَدَعَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَامِسَ خَمْسَةٍ، فَتَبِعَهُمْ رَجُلٌ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: "إِنَّكَ دَعَوْتَنَا خَامِسَ خَمْسَةٍ، وَهَذَا رَجُلٌ قَدْ تَبِعَنِي، فَإِنْ شِئْتَ أَذِنْتَ لَهُ، وَإِنْ شِئْتَ تَرَكْتَهُ" . قَالَ: فَأَذِنَ لَهُ.
Sayyiduna Abu Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: A companion whose kunyah was Abu Shu’aib said to his servant, who was a butcher, “Prepare food for me that will suffice for five people, for I wish to invite the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).” So he invited the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and four companions to come with him. Another companion also joined along with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “You invited us along with four men, and this person has also joined us. Either give him permission (to eat) or, if you wish, you may send him back.” The narrator said: He also gave him permission (to enter and eat).
Hadith Reference سنن دارمي / من كتاب الاطعمة / 2105
Hadith Grading تحقیق (حسین سلیم أسد الدارانی): إسناده صحيح، [مكتبه الشامله نمبر: 2112]
Hadith Takhrij اس روایت کی سند صحیح اور حدیث متفق علیہ ہے۔ دیکھئے: [بخاري 5434] ، [مسلم 2037] ، [ابن حبان 5300] ، [ترمذي 1099]
Brief Explanation
(Commentary on Hadith 2104)

The name of the companion who accompanied you (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) as a fellow traveler could not be ascertained.

In this hadith, Sayyiduna Abu Shu’ayb radi Allahu anhu had specified a limited number, therefore the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam sought permission for the additional person. This too was among the noble manners of our esteemed Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, that he would not impose a burden on anyone by force.

Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has mentioned this hadith in «باب ما قيل فى اللحام والجزار» and deduced from it that the profession of a butcher (cutting and selling meat) is permissible. Furthermore, it is also understood from this hadith that if someone accompanies a guest as an uninvited person (tufayli), permission should be sought, and the host has the choice—if there is no harm—to grant permission or to refuse.