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Hadith 1817

حَدَّثَنَا عَاصِمُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنِ عَيَّاشٍ، عَنْ أَبِي حَصِينٍ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ: "كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعْتَكِفُ الْعَشْرَ الْأَوَاخِرَ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْعَامُ الَّذِي قُبِضَ فِيهِ، اعْتَكَفَ عِشْرِينَ يَوْمًا".
Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to observe i'tikaf during the last ten days of Ramadan, and in the year in which he passed away, he observed i'tikaf for twenty days.
Hadith Reference سنن دارمي / من كتاب الصوم / 1817
Hadith Grading تحقیق (حسین سلیم أسد الدارانی): إسناده حسن من أجل أبي بكر بن عياش وأبو حصين هو: أبو عثمان بن عاصم، [مكتبه الشامله نمبر: 1820]
Hadith Takhrij اس روایت کی سند حسن ہے لیکن حدیث صحیح ہے۔ دیکھئے: [بخاري 2044] ، [أبوداؤد 2466] ، [ابن ماجه 1769] ، [أحمد 336/2، وغيرهم]
Brief Explanation
(Commentary on Hadith 1816)

I'tikaf refers to secluding oneself from creation and sitting in the mosque for a specified period for the worship of the Creator. The Noble Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, throughout his life in Madinah, always performed i'tikaf during the blessed month of Ramadan, and after his passing, the Mothers of the Believers—his pure wives—also performed i'tikaf. It holds great virtue. Ibn Battal said: From this hadith, it is derived that i'tikaf is a confirmed Sunnah (sunnat mu'akkadah), and the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam performed i'tikaf for twenty days because he had come to know that the time of meeting with the Lord of the worlds was near.

I'tikaf for ten days is Sunnah, but it can also be for fewer days than this.