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سنن دارمي
Darimi
من كتاب الزكاةFrom the Book of Zakat
باب النَّهْيِ عَنِ الصَّدَقَةِ بِجَمِيعِ مَا عِنْدَ الرَّجُلِ:Chapter: Prohibition of Donating All of One’s Wealth
Hadith 1697
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا يَعْلَى، وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاق، عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ مَحْمُودِ بْنِ لَبِيدٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ: بَيْنَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، إِذْ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ بِمِثْلِ الْبَيْضَةِ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ أَصَابَهَا فِي بَعْضِ الْمَغَازِي، قَالَ أَحْمَدُ: فِي بَعْضِ الْمَعَادِنِ، وَهُوَ الصَّوَابُ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، خُذْهَا مِنِّي صَدَقَةً، فَوَاللَّهِ مَا لِي مَالٌ غَيْرَهَا، فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ، ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ عَنْ رُكْنِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ، فَقَالَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ، فَقَالَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: "هَاتِهَا"، مُغْضَبًا، فَحَذَفَهُ بِهَا حَذْفَةً لَوْ أَصَابَهُ لَأَوْجَعَهُ أَوْ عَقَرَهُ ثُمَّ، قَالَ: "يَعْمِدُ أَحَدُكُمْ إِلَى مَالِهِ لَا يَمْلِكُ غَيْرَهُ فَيَتَصَدَّقُ بِهِ، ثُمَّ يَقْعُدُ يَتَكَفَّفُ النَّاسَ، إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقَةُ عَنْ ظَهْرِ غِنًى، خُذْ الَّذِي لَكَ لَا حَاجَةَ لَنَا بِهِ" . فَأَخَذَ الرَّجُلُ مَالَهُ وَذَهَبَ . قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّد: كَانَ مَالِكٌ يَقُولُ: إِذَا جَعَلَ الرَّجُلُ مَالَهُ فِي الْمَسَاكِينِ يَتَصَدَّقُ بِثُلُثِ مَالِهِ.
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: We were sitting with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) when a man came with a piece of gold the size of an egg, which he had found in a battle. And Ahmad (bin Khalid) said that it was obtained from a gold mine, and this is correct. That man said: O Messenger of Allah! Take this, it is charity from me, and by Allah, I have no other wealth besides this. Upon hearing this, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) turned away from him. Then the man came to your left side and said the same, then he came in front of you and said the same, so you said angrily: "Give it here," then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) threw that gold far away, which, if it had hit someone, would have either wounded him or struck him hard. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "One of you brings all his wealth and has nothing left except that, then he gives it in charity, then sits and stretches his hand out to people. The real charity is that after giving charity, its owner remains wealthy. Go, take your wealth, we have no need of it." So that man picked up the gold the size of an egg and left. Imam Darimi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) used to say: When a man gives his wealth in charity to the needy, he should give one third of his wealth in charity.
Brief Explanation
(Explanation of Hadiths 1695 to 1697)
The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam did not accept this charity in the aforementioned hadith because he sallallahu alayhi wa sallam knew that the person would become needy—what would he feed his family? The foremost responsibility is to provide for one’s family and dependents; then, whatever remains after fulfilling necessary needs should be given to the poor. Furthermore, it often happens that when a person gives away all his wealth in charity, he later feels regret and shame, and becomes distressed by poverty. Then, what benefit is there in such a good deed that later appears bad? On the contrary, it is better that one gives some in charity and keeps some for oneself (Wahidi). Therefore, from this hadith, the prohibition of giving away all of one’s wealth in charity is established.
In another hadith, it is mentioned that Sayyiduna Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu brought all his wealth and presented it in the service of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, and he sallallahu alayhi wa sallam accepted it, as will be mentioned ahead. So this is for those people who have complete trust in Allah and do not fear poverty, or for those who expect to receive more wealth—they may give all their wealth in charity.
Wallahu a‘lam (And Allah knows best).
The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam did not accept this charity in the aforementioned hadith because he sallallahu alayhi wa sallam knew that the person would become needy—what would he feed his family? The foremost responsibility is to provide for one’s family and dependents; then, whatever remains after fulfilling necessary needs should be given to the poor. Furthermore, it often happens that when a person gives away all his wealth in charity, he later feels regret and shame, and becomes distressed by poverty. Then, what benefit is there in such a good deed that later appears bad? On the contrary, it is better that one gives some in charity and keeps some for oneself (Wahidi). Therefore, from this hadith, the prohibition of giving away all of one’s wealth in charity is established.
In another hadith, it is mentioned that Sayyiduna Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu brought all his wealth and presented it in the service of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, and he sallallahu alayhi wa sallam accepted it, as will be mentioned ahead. So this is for those people who have complete trust in Allah and do not fear poverty, or for those who expect to receive more wealth—they may give all their wealth in charity.
Wallahu a‘lam (And Allah knows best).
