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سنن دارمي
Darimi
مقدمهIntroduction
باب الْفُتْيَا وَمَا فِيهِ مِنَ الشِّدَّةِ:Chapter: The Seriousness of Giving Religious Verdicts
Hadith 167
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ عُمَارَةَ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ حُرَيْثِ بْنِ ظُهَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: "أَتَى عَلَيْنَا زَمَانٌ لَسْنَا نَقْضِي وَلَسْنَا هُنَالِكَ، وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ قَدَّرَ مِنْ الْأَمْرِ أَنْ قَدْ بَلَغْنَا مَا تَرَوْنَ، فَمَنْ عَرَضَ لَهُ قَضَاءٌ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ، فَلْيَقْضِ فِيهِ بِمَا فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، فَإِنْ جَاءَهُ مَا لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ، فَلْيَقْضِ بِمَا قَضَى بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَإِنْ جَاءَهُ مَا لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ، وَلَمْ يَقْضِ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَلْيَقْضِ بِمَا قَضَى بِهِ الصَّالِحُونَ، وَلَا يَقُلْ إِنِّي أَخَافُ، وَإِنِّي أُرَى، فَإِنَّ الْحَرَامَ بَيِّنٌ، وَالْحَلَالَ بَيِّنٌ، وَبَيْنَ ذَلِكَ أُمُورٌ مُشْتَبِهَةٌ، فَدَعْ مَا يَرِيبُكَ إِلَى مَا لَا يَرِيبُكَ".
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: There was a time upon us when neither did we give fatwas nor were we worthy of it, but Allah the Exalted decreed otherwise and you see the state we have reached. From today onwards, whoever is faced with any matter should decide according to what is present in the Book of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic. And if such a matter arises which is not found in the Book of Allah, then he should decide as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) decided. Then if such an issue comes up which is neither in the Book of Allah nor did the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) make a decision about it, then he should decide as the pious predecessors decided, and he should not say, "I fear" or "this is my opinion," because the unlawful is clear and the lawful is also evident, and between the lawful and unlawful are some doubtful matters. So, leave that in which you have doubt and adopt that in which there is no doubt or suspicion.
Brief Explanation
(Commentary on Hadith 166)
In this narration, the noble Companion, exegete of the Qur’an, Sayyiduna Abdullah ibn Mas’ud radi Allahu anhu, demonstrates refraining from issuing fatwas (legal verdicts) and, when necessary, refers back to the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. Thereafter, he encourages giving fatwas in accordance with the statements of the predecessors (aslaf) and teaches avoidance of innovation or introducing new matters. He commands to avoid ambiguous matters (mutashabihat) and to act upon the clear and decisive ones (muhkamat), which is entirely in accordance with Islamic teachings. The sources of Islam are precisely these: the Qur’an, the Sunnah, and the consensus of the Ummah (ijma‘).
Some scholars have considered analogy (qiyas) to be the fourth source.
In this narration, the noble Companion, exegete of the Qur’an, Sayyiduna Abdullah ibn Mas’ud radi Allahu anhu, demonstrates refraining from issuing fatwas (legal verdicts) and, when necessary, refers back to the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. Thereafter, he encourages giving fatwas in accordance with the statements of the predecessors (aslaf) and teaches avoidance of innovation or introducing new matters. He commands to avoid ambiguous matters (mutashabihat) and to act upon the clear and decisive ones (muhkamat), which is entirely in accordance with Islamic teachings. The sources of Islam are precisely these: the Qur’an, the Sunnah, and the consensus of the Ummah (ijma‘).
Some scholars have considered analogy (qiyas) to be the fourth source.
