صحيح ابن خزيمه
Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah
جماع أبواب ذكر السعاية على الصدقةChapters on Collectors of Zakat
(69) بَابُ الزَّجْرِ عَنِ اسْتِعْمَالِ مَوَالِي النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ إِذَا طَلَبُوا الْعِمَالَةَ، إِذْ هُمْ مِمَّنْ لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُمُ الصَّدَقَةُ الْمَفْرُوضَةُ
69| Chapter on the prohibition of employing the Prophet’s freed slaves to collect zakat if they seek the job, as they are not allowed to take obligatory zakat
Hadith 2342
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْغَافِقِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ ، حَدَّثَنِي يُونُسُ ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ نَوْفَلٍ الْهَاشِمِيِّ ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنَ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ ، أَخْبَرَهُ أَبَاهُ رَبِيعَةُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ ، وَالْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ ، قَالا : لِعَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ ، وَالْفَضْلِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ : ائْتِيَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقُولا لَهُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، قَدْ بَلَغْنَا مَا تَرَى مِنَ السِّنِّ ، وَأَحْبَبْنَا أَنْ نَتَزَوَّجَ ، وَأَنْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَبَّرُّ وَأَوْصَلُهُمْ ، وَلَيْسَ عِنْدَ أَبَوَيْنَا مَا يُصْدِقَانِ عَنَّا ، فَاسْتَعْمِلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ عَلَى الصَّدَقَاتِ ، فَلْنُؤَدِّ إِلَيْكَ كَمَا يُؤَدِّي إِلَيْكَ الْعُمَّالُ ، وَلْنُصِيبُ مِنْهَا مَا كَانَ فِيهَا مِنْ مَرْفَقٍ ، قَالَ : فَأَتَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ، وَنَحْنُ فِي تِلْكَ الْحَالِ ، فَقَالَ لَنَا : إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، لا وَاللَّهِ ، لا يَسْتَعْمِلُ أَحَدًا مِنْكُمْ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَبِيعَةُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ : هَذَا مِنْ حَسَدِكَ ، وَقَدْ نِلْتَ خَيْرَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَلَمْ نَحْسُدْكَ عَلَيْهِ ، فَأَلْقَى رِدَاءَهُ ، ثُمَّ اضْطَجَعَ عَلَيْهِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : أَنَا أَبُو حَسَنِ الْقَوْمِ ، وَاللَّهِ لا أَرِيمُ مَكَانِي هُنَا حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ إِلَيْكُمَا ابْنَاكُمَا بِحُورِ مَا بَعَثْتُمَا بِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ عَبْدُ الْمُطَّلِبِ : انْطَلَقْتُ أَنَا وَالْفَضْلُ ، حَتَّى تَوَافَقَ صَلاةُ الظُّهْرِ قَدْ قَامَتْ فَصَلَّيْنَا مَعَ النَّاسِ ، ثُمَّ أَسْرَعْتُ أَنَا ، وَالْفَضْلُ إِلَى بَابِ حُجْرَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَهُوَ يَوْمَئِذٍ عِنْدَ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ جَحْشٍ ، فَقُمْنَا بِالْبَابِ حَتَّى أَتَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَأَخَذَ بِأُذُنِي وَأُذُنِ الْفَضْلِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : " أَخْرِجَا مَا تُصَرِّرَانِ " ، ثُمَّ دَخَلَ فَأَذِنَ لِي وَالْفَضْلَ ، فَدَخَلْنَا فَتَوَاكَلْنَا الْكَلامَ قَلِيلا ، ثُمَّ كَلَّمْتُهُ أَوْ كَلَّمَهُ الْفَضْلُ قَدْ شَكَّ فِي ذَلِكَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ ، قَالَ : فَلَمَّا كَلَّمْنَاهُ بِالَّذِي أَمَرَنَا بِهِ أَبَوَانَا ، فَسَكَتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَاعَةً ، وَرَفَعَ بَصَرَهُ قِبَلَ سَقْفِ الْبَيْتِ حَتَّى طَالَ عَلَيْنَا أَنَّهُ لا يَرْجِعُ شَيْئًا حَتَّى رَأَيْنَا زَيْنَبَ تُلْمِعُ مِنْ وَرَاءِ الْحِجَابِ بِيَدِهَا أَلا نَعْجَلَ ، وَأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ فِي أَمْرِنَا ، ثُمَّ خَفَضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَأْسَهُ ، فَقَالَ لَنَا : " إِنَّ هَذِهِ الصَّدَقَةَ إِنَّمَا هِيَ أَوْسَاخُ النَّاسِ ، وَلا تَحِلُّ لِمُحَمَّدٍ ، وَلا لآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ " ، أُدْعُ لِي نَوْفَلَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ ، فَدَعَى نَوْفَلَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ ، فَقَالَ : يَا نَوْفَلُ ، " أَنْكِحْ عَبْدَ الْمُطَّلِبِ " ، فَأَنْكَحَنِي ، ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : ادْعُ مَحْمِيَةَ بْنَ جَزْءٍ ، وَهُوَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي زُبَيْدٍ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اسْتَعْمَلَهُ عَلَى الأَخْمَاسِ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِمَحْمِيَةَ : " أَنْكِحِ الْفَضْلَ " ، فَأَنْكَحَهُ مَحْمِيَةُ بْنُ جَزْءٍ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " قُمْ فَأَصْدِقْ عَنْهُمَا مِنَ الْخُمُسِ كَذَا وَكَذَا " ، لَمْ يُسَمِّهِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ ، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : قَالَ لَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ : الْحُورُ : الْجَوَابُ ،
Hazrat Abdul Muttalib bin Rabee’ah bin Harith narrates that his respected father, Sayyiduna Rabee’ah bin Harith, and Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with them both) said to (their respective sons) Abdul Muttalib bin Rabee’ah and Fadl bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them all): Both of you should go to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and submit, “O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), we have grown up, as you can see, and now we wish to marry. And you, O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), are the most generous and the best at maintaining ties of kinship. Our parents do not have enough wealth to pay our dowry, so O Messenger of Allah, appoint us to collect zakat, and we will pay you the zakat money like other workers and take our share from it.” He says that while we were still discussing this, Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) arrived and said, “No, by Allah, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) will not appoint any of you to collect zakat.” So Sayyiduna Rabee’ah (may Allah be pleased with him) said to Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), “You are saying this out of jealousy, even though we have never envied the blessings and goodness you have received from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).” Thereupon, Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) spread his cloak, lay down on it, and said, “I am a wise and prudent man of the tribe. By Allah, I will not get up from this place until your sons return with the answer to your request from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).” Sayyiduna Abdul Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him) says that Fadl (may Allah be pleased with him) and I went, and we saw that the iqamah for the Zuhr prayer had been given. So we also prayed with the people. Then Fadl (may Allah be pleased with him) and I quickly went to the door of the Messenger of Allah’s (peace and blessings be upon him) chamber, and that day he was in the house of Zaynab bint Jahsh (may Allah be pleased with her). So we stood at the door. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came out, and he lovingly and kindly held my and Fadl’s ears, then said, “Say what you are hiding in your hearts.” Then he went inside and permitted us to enter, so we also went inside. For a while, we both relied on each other to speak. Then either I started speaking or Fadl did. Abdullah bin Harith is unsure about this. Then, when we told him what our parents had told us, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) remained silent for a while and began to look up at the ceiling. When a long time passed, we felt that he would not answer us, until we saw that Sayyidah Zaynab (may Allah be pleased with her) was signaling to us from behind the curtain not to hurry, because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was pondering our matter. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) lowered his blessed head and said to us, “This zakat wealth is the filth of people, and it is not lawful for Muhammad and his family. Bring Naufal bin Harith to me.” Sayyiduna Naufal (may Allah be pleased with him) was brought, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “O Naufal, marry Abdul Muttalib to your daughter.” So he gave me his daughter in marriage. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Call Mahmiya bin Juz’.” He was a man from Banu Zubaid whom the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had appointed as an agent over the wealth of khums. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Mahmiya, “Marry Fadl to your daughter.” So Sayyiduna Mahmiya bin Juz’ (may Allah be pleased with him) married Fadl to his daughter. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Go and pay such and such amount of dowry to both of them from the khums.” Abdullah bin Harith did not mention the amount. Imam Abu Bakr (may Allah have mercy on him) says that Ahmad bin Abdur Rahman told us that the meaning of “al-hawr” is “answer.”
Hadith 2343
قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَزِيزٍ الأَيْلِيِّ ، فَأَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ سَلامَةَ ، حَدَّثَهُمْ عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ ، قَالَ : قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ : وَأَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ نَوْفَلٍ الْهَاشِمِيُّ ، بِمِثْلِهِ ، وَقَالَ : لَيْسَ عِنْدَ أَبَوَيْنَا مَا يُصْدِقَانِ عَنَّا ، وَزَادَ قَالَ : فَرَجَعْنَا وَعَلِيٌّ مَكَانَهُ ، فَقَالَ : أَخْبِرَانَا مَا جِئْتُمَا بِهِ ، قَالا : وَجَدْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَبَّرَ النَّاسِ وَأَوْصَلَهُمْ ، قَالَ : هَلِ اسْتَعْمَلَكُمَا عَلَى شَيْءٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الصَّدَقَةِ ؟ قَالا : لا ، بَلْ صَنَعَ بِنَا خَيْرًا مِنْ ذَلِكِ أَنْكَحَنَا ، وَأَصْدَقَ عَنَّا ، فَقَالَ : أَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أَلَمْ أَكُنْ أَخْبَرْتُكُمَا أَنَّهُ لَنْ يَسْتَعْمِلَكُمَا عَلَى شَيْءٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الصَّدَقَةِ ، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : هَذِهِ اللَّفْظَةُ أَنْكَحَنَا مِنَ الْجِنْسِ الَّذِي أَقُولُ : إِنَّ الْعَرَبَ تُضِيفُ الْفَضْلَ إِلَى الأَمْرِ كَمَا تُضِيفُهُ إِلَى الْفَاعِلِ ، وَالنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّمَا أَمَرَ بِإِنْكَاحِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ ، وَالْفَضْلِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، فَفُعِلَ ذَلِكَ بِأَمْرِهِ ، فَأُضِيفَ الإِنْكَاحُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، إِذْ هُوَ الآمِرُ بِهِ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ هُوَ مُتَوَلِّيًا عَقْدَ النِّكَاحِ . حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَمِّي بِالْحَدِيثِ بِطُولِهِ ، وَقَالَ : أَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الْقَوْمِ ، قَالَ لَنَا أَحْمَدُ : الْقَوْمُ الْجُلَّةُ : الرَّأْسُ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ ، قَالَ لَنَا فِي قَوْلِهِ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ إِلَيْكُمَا ابْنَاكُمَا وَبِحُورِ مَا بَعَثْتُمَا بِهِ ، قَالَ : الْحُورُ : الْجَوَابُ .
It is narrated from Abdullah bin Harith. He narrated a similar narration as mentioned above, and in it are these words: "And we do not have money to give as dowry to our parents." And these words are further mentioned: "When we returned, Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) was still sitting there. He said, 'Tell us, what answer have you brought?' Both of them said, 'We found the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) to be the most benevolent and the best at maintaining ties of kinship among all people.' Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) asked, 'So, did he appoint you as collectors of zakat?' They replied, 'No, rather he treated us even better than that. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) married us and even paid the dowry himself.' So Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said, 'I am a wise and intelligent man of the people. Did I not tell you that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) would never appoint you as collectors of zakat?' Imam Abu Bakr (may Allah have mercy on him) says: The words of this hadith, 'Ankahana' (He married us), relate to the same issue about which I say that the Arabs, just as they attribute a good deed to the one who does it, likewise attribute any act of goodness to the one who commands it. The Noble Prophet (peace be upon him) had ordered the marriages of Abdul Muttalib and Fadl (may Allah be pleased with them), which were carried out, so due to his command, the marriage is attributed to him in this hadith, even though he himself did not personally perform the guardianship duties in these marriages, but only gave the command. It is narrated from Ahmad bin Abdur Rahman with his chain that in it are these words: (Sayyiduna Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, said) 'I am indeed a man of opinion and wisdom among the people.' Ahmad told us that 'al-qawm' means the chief of the people and 'sahib ra'y' means a man of opinion, and 'al-hawr' means the answer. That is, for the purpose for which you sent your sons to the service of the Prophet (peace be upon him), I will remain sitting here until the answer comes."
