Hadith 2017
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُوسَى ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ الأَنْصَارِيِّ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ : رَأَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَجُلا قَدِ اجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ عَلَيْهِ , وَقَدْ ظُلِّلَ عَلَيْهِ , فَقَالُوا : هَذَا رَجُلٌ صَائِمٌ . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " لَيْسَ الْبِرَّ أَنْ تَصُومُوا فِي السَّفَرِ " . قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : فَهَذَا الْخَبَرُ دَالٌّ عَلَى أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّمَا قَالَ هَذِهِ الْمَقَالَةَ إِذِ الصَّائِمُ الْمُسَافِرُ غَيْرُ قَابِلٍ يُسْرَ اللَّهِ حَتَّى اشْتَدَّ بِهِ الصَّوْمُ , وَاحْتِيجَ إِلَى أَنْ يُظَلَّ
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) saw a man around whom people had gathered and shade was being provided for him. (The Prophet peace be upon him asked, "What has happened to him?") They replied that this man is fasting. So the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "It is not righteousness that you fast while traveling (with such hardship)." Imam Abu Bakr (may Allah have mercy on him) says that this hadith is evidence that the Noble Prophet (peace be upon him) said this when the fasting traveler did not accept the ease and concession granted by Allah Almighty, to the extent that fasting became extremely difficult for him and he became in need of shade.
Hadith 2018
وَفِي خَبَرِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ , عَنْ جَابِرٍ : فَغُشِيَ عَلَيْهِ , فَجَعَلَ يَنْضَحُ الْمَاءَ ، أَيْ : عَلَيْهِ . قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، إِنَّمَا قَالَ : " لَيْسَ الْبِرُّ الصَّوْمَ فِي السَّفَرِ " أَيْ : لَيْسَ الْبِرُّ الصَّوْمَ فِي السَّفَرِ حَتَّى يُغْشَى عَلَى الصَّائِمِ , وَيُحْتَاجُ إِلَى أَنْ يُظَلَّلَ وَيُنْضَحَ عَلَيْهِ , إِذِ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ رَخَّصَ لِلْمُسَافِرِ فِي الْفِطْرِ , وَجَعَلَ لَهُ أَنْ يَصُومَ فِي أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ , وَأَعْلَمَ فِي مُحْكَمِ تَنْزِيلِهِ أَنَّهُ أَرَادَ بِهِمُ الْيُسْرَ لا الْعُسْرَ فِي ذَلِكَ , فَمَنْ لَمْ يَقْبَلْ يُسْرَ اللَّهِ ، جَازَ أَنْ يُقَالَ لَهُ : لَيْسَ أَخْذُكَ بِالْعُسْرِ ، فَيَشْتَدُّ الْعُسْرُ عَلَيْكَ مِنَ الْبِرِّ . وَقَدْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِي هَذَا الْخَبَرِ : لَيْسَ الْبِرَّ أَنْ تَصُومُوا فِي السَّفَرِ ، أَيْ : لَيْسَ كُلُّ الْبِرِّ هَذَا , قَدْ يَكُونُ الْبِرُّ أَيْضًا أَنْ تَصُومُوا فِي السَّفَرِ , وَقَبُولُ رُخْصَةِ اللَّهِ وَالإِفْطَارِ فِي السَّفَرِ . وَسَأُدَلِّلُ بَعْدُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَلَى صِحَّةِ هَذَا التَّأْوِيلِ . حَدَّثَنَا بِخَبَرِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ ، بُنْدَارٌ , قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ مَسْعَدَةَ , عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) that a man fainted, so water was sprinkled on him. (The Imam says:) The statement of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that "Fasting during travel is not righteousness" means that fasting during travel with such hardship that the fasting person faints, and shade has to be provided for him and water has to be sprinkled on him, this is not righteousness, because Allah Almighty has given the traveler the concession to leave the fast during travel and make it up after Ramadan. And Allah Almighty has said in His Book, the "Noble Qur'an," that He wants ease for His servants, He does not want to impose hardship and difficulty upon them. Therefore, for the person who does not accept Allah's ease, it is correct to say that your choosing hardship, in a situation where hardship becomes extremely difficult for you, is not righteousness. Similarly, it is also correct to interpret this narration to mean that your fasting during travel is not righteousness, i.e., it is not complete righteousness, rather sometimes your fasting during travel will be righteousness and sometimes accepting Allah's concession and not fasting during travel will be righteousness. I will soon present the evidence for this interpretation, inshaAllah.
