صحيح ابن خزيمه
Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah
كتاب الإمامة فى الصلاة وما فيها من السنن مختصر من كتاب المسندBook of Imamate in Prayer (Abridged from Musnad)
(38) بَابُ الرُّخْصَةِ فِي صَلَاةِ الْإِمَامِ الْأَعْظَمِ خَلْفَ مَنْ أَمَّ النَّاسَ مِنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ، وَإِنْ كَانَ الْإِمَامُ مِنَ الرَّعِيَّةِ يَؤُمُّ النَّاسَ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ الْإِمَامِ الْأَعْظَمِ
38| Concession for the supreme imam to pray behind one of his subjects, even if he leads without the supreme imam's permission
Hadith 1515Q
وَإِنْ كَانَ الْإِمَامُ مِنَ الرَّعِيَّةِ يَؤُمُّ النَّاسَ بِغَيْرِ إِذَنِ الْإِمَامِ الْأَعْظَمِ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: خَبَرُ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ فِي إِمَامَةِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ
Even if the imam leading the people from among the subjects has not taken permission from the chief imam. Imam Abu Bakr, may Allah have mercy on him, says that the evidence for this issue is the hadith of Sayyiduna Mughira bin Shu’bah, may Allah be pleased with him, narrated regarding the leadership of Sayyiduna Abdur Rahman bin Awf, may Allah be pleased with him.
Hadith 1515
نا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ ، نا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ ، حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ حَدِيثِ عَبَّادِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ ، أَنَّ عُرْوَةَ بْنَ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ أَخْبَرَهُ ، أَنَّ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنَ شُعْبَةَ أَخْبَرَهُ ، أَنَّهُ غَزَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ غَزْوَةَ تَبُوكَ ، قَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ : فَأَقْبَلْتُ مَعَهُ حَتَّى نَجِدَ النَّاسَ قَدْ قَدَّمُوا عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ ، فَصَلَّى لَهُمْ ، فَأَدْرَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِحْدَى الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ ، فَصَلَّى مَعَ النَّاسِ الرَّكْعَةَ الأَخِيرَةَ ، فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ " قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُتِمُّ صَلاتَهُ ، فَأَفْزَعَ ذَلِكَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ، فَأَكْثَرُوا التَّسْبِيحَ " ، فَلَمَّا قَضَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَلاتَهُ ، أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : " أَحْسَنْتُمْ " ، أَوْ قَالَ : " أَصَبْتُمْ " ، يَغْبِطُهُمْ أَنْ صَلُّوا الصَّلاةَ لِوَقْتِهَا . قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : فِي الْخَبَرِ دَلالَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّ الصَّلاةَ إِذَا حَضَرَتْ وَكَانَ الإِمَامُ الأَعْظَمُ غَائِبًا عَنِ النَّاسِ ، أَوْ مُتَخَلِّفًا عَنْهُمْ فِي سَفَرٍ ، فَجَائِزٌ لِلرَّعِيَّةِ أَنْ يُقَدِّمُوا رَجُلا مِنْهُمْ يَؤُمُّهُمْ ، إِذِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ حَسَّنَ فِعْلَ الْقَوْمِ أَوْ صَوَّبَهُ ، إِذْ صَلُّوا الصَّلاةَ لِوَقْتِهَا بِتَقْدِيمِهِمْ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ لِيَؤُمَّهُمْ ، وَلَمْ يَأْمُرْهُمْ بِانْتِظَارِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ . فَأَمَّا إِذَا كَانَ الإِمَامُ الأَعْظَمُ حَاضِرًا ، فَغَيْرُ جَائِزٍ أَنْ يَؤُمَّهُمْ أَحَدٌ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ ؛ لأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ " زَجَرَ عَنْ أَنْ يُؤَمَّ السُّلْطَانُ بِغَيْرِ أَمْرِهِ "
Sayyiduna Mughira bin Shu’bah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that he participated in the Battle of Tabuk in the company of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Sayyiduna Mughira (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I came with him until we saw that the people had put Sayyiduna Abdur Rahman bin Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) forward and he was leading them in prayer. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) caught one rak’ah and performed the last rak’ah with the people. Then, when Sayyiduna Abdur Rahman (may Allah be pleased with him) finished the prayer with salam, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up to complete his prayer. This caused the Muslims to become anxious and they began to say “Subhan Allah” repeatedly. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) completed his prayer, he turned towards them and then said: “You have done a very good deed,” or he said: “You have done the correct thing.” He was expressing admiration for them because they had performed the prayer at its proper time.
Imam Abu Bakr (may Allah have mercy on him) says: In this hadith is evidence that when the time for prayer comes and the chief imam is not present among the people, or he is left behind on a journey, then it is permissible for the congregation to appoint someone as their imam to lead them in prayer. This is because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) approved of the action of the noble companions (may Allah be pleased with them) or declared it correct, as they had put Sayyiduna Abdur Rahman bin Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) forward for imamah and performed the prayer at its proper time. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not order them to wait for him. However, when the chief imam is present, then it is not permissible for anyone to lead the prayer without his permission, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade leading the prayer without the permission of the ruler or leader.
Imam Abu Bakr (may Allah have mercy on him) says: In this hadith is evidence that when the time for prayer comes and the chief imam is not present among the people, or he is left behind on a journey, then it is permissible for the congregation to appoint someone as their imam to lead them in prayer. This is because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) approved of the action of the noble companions (may Allah be pleased with them) or declared it correct, as they had put Sayyiduna Abdur Rahman bin Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) forward for imamah and performed the prayer at its proper time. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not order them to wait for him. However, when the chief imam is present, then it is not permissible for anyone to lead the prayer without his permission, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade leading the prayer without the permission of the ruler or leader.
Hadith 1516
حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الدَّوْرَقِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عُلَيَّةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ . ح وَحَدَّثَنَا الصَّنْعَانِيُّ ، نا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ ، نا شُعْبَةُ ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ رَجَاءٍ ، عَنْ أَوْسِ بْنِ ضَمْعَجٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الأَنْصَارِيِّ ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : " وَلا تَؤُمَّنَّ رَجُلا فِي سُلْطَانِهِ وَلا فِي أَهْلِهِ ، وَلا تَجْلِسْ عَلَى تَكْرِمَتِهِ إِلا بِإِذْنِهِ " , أَوْ قَالَ : " يَأْذَنُ لَكَ "
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Mas’ud Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Do not lead a person in prayer in his own domain of authority and in his house, nor sit on his special seat except with his permission.” Or he said: “Unless he gives you permission.”
