صحيح ابن خزيمه
Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah
جماع أبواب الفريضة فى السفرChapters on Prayers while Traveling
(379) بَابُ ذِكْرِ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَلَّى نَبِيَّهُ الْمُصْطَفَى صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تِبْيَانَ عَدَدِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي السَّفَرِ،
379 Chapter: Evidence That Allah Entrusted His Prophet (peace be upon him) with Explaining the Number of Prayers While Traveling.
Hadith 946
نَا نَا يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الأَعْلَى ، أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ اللَّيْثِ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، عَنْ أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ : " إِنَّا نَجِدُ صَلاةَ الْحَضَرِ وَصَلاةَ الْخَوْفِ فِي الْقُرْآنِ ، وَلا نَجِدُ صَلاةَ السَّفَرِ فِي الْقُرْآنِ ؟ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ : يَا ابْنَ أَخِي ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بَعَثَ إِلَيْنَا مُحَمَّدًا صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَلا نَعْلَمُ شَيْئًا ، فَإِنَّمَا نَفْعَلُ كَمَا رَأَيْنَا مُحَمَّدًا صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَفْعَلُ "
Ummayah bin Abdullah bin Khalid reports that I said to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them): "We do not find mention of the prayer of residence and fear in the Noble Qur'an." So Sayyiduna Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "O nephew, indeed Allah Almighty sent Muhammad (peace be upon him) to us, and we did not know anything, therefore we (now) do as we saw Muhammad (peace be upon him) doing."
Hadith 947
نَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْحَكَمِ الْوَرَّاقُ ، أَخْبَرَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سُلَيْمٍ ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ، قَالَ : " سَافَرْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَمَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ، وَعُمَرَ ، وَعُثْمَانَ ، فَكَانُوا يُصَلُّونَ الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ، لا يُصَلُّونَ قَبْلَهَا ، وَلا بَعْدَهَا " وَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ : لَوْ كُنْتُ مُصَلِّيًا قَبْلَهَا أَوْ بَعْدَهَا لأَتْمَمْتُهَا
Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that I traveled with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and with Sayyiduna Abu Bakr, Umar, and Uthman (may Allah be pleased with them all). All of them used to perform the Zuhr and Asr prayers as two rak‘ahs each (while traveling), and they would not perform any (nafl or sunnah) prayers before or after them. And Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said that if I had to perform (nafl or sunnah) prayers before or after these prayers (while traveling), then I would have performed the full prayers (and not shortened them).
Hadith 948
قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : وَفِي خَبَرِ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ " صَلَّى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الظُّهْرَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ أَرْبَعًا ، وَالْعَصْرَ بِذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ " دَالٌ عَلَى أَنَّ لِلآمِنِ غَيْرِ الْخَائِفِ مِنْ أَنْ يَفْتِنَهُ الْكُفَّارُ أَنْ يَقْصُرَ الصَّلاةَ .
Imam Abu Bakr, may Allah have mercy on him, says that this hadith of Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, performed four rak'ahs of Zuhr prayer in Madinah Munawwarah and performed two rak'ahs of Asr prayer at the place of Dhul-Hulaifah. This is evidence that even in a state of peace and security, without fear of the mischief of the disbelievers, a person performing prayer (while traveling) can shorten the prayer.
Hadith 949
وَكَذَلِكَ خَبَرُ حَارِثَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ " صَلَّى بِنَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ أَكْثَرَ مَا كُنَّا وَآمَنُهُ " ، وَخَبَرُ أَبِي حَنْظَلَةَ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ، قُلْتُ : إِنَّا آمِنُونَ ، قَالَ : كَذَلِكَ سَنَّ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّ لِغَيْرِ الْخَائِفِ قَصْرَ الصَّلاةِ فِي السَّفَرِ
And similarly, the hadith of Haritha bin Wahb is also evidence for this issue that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) led us in two rak'ahs (during travel) even though we were in large numbers and in complete safety and security. And in the narration of Abu Hanzalah from Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), it is mentioned that I said, "Indeed, we are in a state of safety and security." So he replied, "The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) taught us this way." This is evidence that even without any fear during travel, a person may shorten the prayer.
