Hadith 131
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with both of them) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Recite « بسم اللہ » and close your door, for the devil does not open a closed door. Recite « بسم اللہ » and extinguish your lamp. Recite « بسم اللہ » and tie up your waterskin. And recite « بسم اللہ » and cover your vessel, even if you only place a stick across it.”
Hadith 132
نا
يُوسُفُ بْنُ مُوسَى ، نا
جَرِيرٌ ، عَنْ
فِطْرِ بْنِ خَلِيفَةَ ، عَنْ
أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنْ
جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ : قَالَ لَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَغْلِقُوا أَبْوَابَكُمْ ، وَأَوْكُوا أَسْقِيَتَكُمْ ، وَخَمِّرُوا آنِيَتَكُمْ ، وَأَطْفِئُوا سُرُجَكُمْ ، فَإِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ لا يَفْتَحُ غَلَقًا ، وَلا يَحُلُّ وِكَاءً ، وَلا يَكْشِفُ غِطَاءً ، وَإِنَّ الْفُوَيْسِقَةَ رُبَّمَا أَضْرَمَتْ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ بَيْتَهُمْ نَارًا ، وَكُفُّوا فَوَاشِيَكُمْ وَأَهْلِيكُمْ عِنْدَ غُرُوبِ الشَّمْسِ إِلَى أَنْ تَذْهَبَ فَجْوَةُ الْعِشَاءِ " . قَالَ لَنَا يُوسُفُ : فَحْوَةُ الْعِشَاءِ ، وَهَذَا تَصْحِيفٌ ، وَإِنَّمَا هُوَ فَجْوَةُ الْعِشَاءِ وَهِيَ : اشْتِدَادُ الظَّلامِ . قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : فَفِي الْخَبَرِ دَلالَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّمَا أَمَرَ بِتَغْطِيَةِ الأَوَانِي ، وَإِيكَاءِ الأَسْقِيَةِ ، إِذِ الشَّيْطَانُ لا يَحُلُّ وِكَاءَ السِّقَاءِ ، وَلا يَكْشِفُ غِطَاءَ الإِنَاءِ ، لا أَنَّ تَرْكَ تَغْطِيَةِ الإِنَاءِ مَعْصِيَةٌ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ، وَلا أَنَّ الْمَاءَ يَنْجُسُ بِتَرْكِ تَغْطِيَةِ الإِنَاءِ ، إِذِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ أَعْلَمَ أَنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ إِذَا وَجَدَ السِّقَاءَ غَيْرَ مُوكَإٍ شَرِبَ مِنْهُ ، فَيُشْبِهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمَّا أَمَرَ بِإِيكَاءِ السِّقَاءِ وَتَغْطِيَةِ الإِنَاءِ ، وَأَعْلَمَ أَنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ إِذَا وَجَدَ السِّقَاءَ غَيْرَ مُوكَأٍ شَرِبَ مِنْهُ ، كَانَ فِي هَذَا مَا دَلَّ عَلَى أَنَّهُ إِذَا وَجَدَ الإِنَاءَ غَيْرَ مُغَطًّى شَرِبَ مِنْهُ . حَدَّثَنَا بِالْخَبَرِ الَّذِي ذَكَرْتُ مِنْ إِعْلامِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا وَجَدَ السِّقَاءَ غَيْرَ مُوكَأٍ شَرِبَ مِنْهُ
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "(At night) close your doors, tie the mouth of your water-skins, cover your vessels, and extinguish your lamps, for indeed the devil does not open a closed (door), nor untie a knot, nor lift a cover. And sometimes a mouse sets the house of its inhabitants on fire and burns it down. And restrain your animals and household (children) from sunset until the darkness of ‘Isha’ prevails (do not allow them to go outside)." The Imam (may Allah have mercy on him) says: Our teacher Yusuf narrated to us that « فحوۃالعشاء » is a scribal error, the original word is « فجوۃ العشاء », which means "the intensity of the darkness of ‘Isha’." Imam Abu Bakr (may Allah have mercy on him) says: In this hadith is evidence that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded covering vessels and tying the mouths of water-skins because the devil does not untie the knot of a water-skin nor lift the cover of a vessel, not because covering vessels is an act of disobedience to Allah, nor because leaving vessels uncovered makes the water impure. Because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When the devil finds a water-skin open, he drinks from it." This is similar to when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded tying the mouths of water-skins and covering vessels, and explained that the devil drinks from an open water-skin, so in this is evidence that when he finds a vessel uncovered, he will also drink from it. The Imam says: This hadith has been narrated to us, which I have mentioned, that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If the devil finds a water-skin open, he will drink from it."
Hadith 133
Wahb bin Munabbih says that this is the hadith or issue which I asked from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both), and he informed me that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to say, "When you go to sleep at night, tie the mouth of the water-skins with a knot and close the doors properly, and cover the vessels of food and drink, because when Satan comes, if the door is not closed, he enters. And if he finds the water-skin untied, he drinks from it. And if he finds the door closed and the water-skin tied, he does not untie the rope nor open the closed door. And if any of you does not find anything to cover his vessel, then he should place a piece of wood across it."