صحيح ابن خزيمه
Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah
جماع أبواب ذكر أفعال اختلف الناس فى إباحته للمحرم، نصت سنة النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم أو دلت على إباحتهاChapters on Acts Permitted for the Pilgrim by Sunnah
(422) بَابُ ذِكْرِ الدَّلِيلِ عَلَى صِحَّةِ هَذَا الْمَتْنِ،Evidence confirming the authenticity of this narration.
Hadith 3058
أَنَّ سَلْمَ بْنَ جُنَادَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ، قَالَتْ : كَانَتْ قُرَيْشٌ ، وَمَنْ دَانَ دِينَهَا يَقِفُونَ بِالْمُزْدَلِفَةِ ، وَكَانُوا يُسَمَّوْنَ الْحُمْسَ ، وَكَانَ سَائِرُ الْعَرَبِ يَقِفُونَ بِعَرَفَةَ ، فَلَمَّا جَاءَ الإِسْلامُ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ عَرَفَاتٍ فَيَقِفَ ، ثُمَّ يُفِيضُ مِنْهَا ، قَالَتْ : فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ : ثُمَّ أَفِيضُوا مِنْ حَيْثُ أَفَاضَ النَّاسُ سورة البقرة آية 199 ، فَهَذَا الْخَبَرُ دَالٌ عَلَى أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِنَّمَا أَمَرَ نَبِيَّهُ بِالْوُقُوفِ بِعَرَفَاتٍ ، وَمُخَالَفَةِ قُرَيْشٍ فِي وُقُوفِهِمْ بِالْمُزْدَلِفَةِ ، وَتَرْكِهُمُ الْخُرُوجَ مِنَ الْحَرَمِ لِتَسْمِيَتِهِمْ أَنْفُسَهُمُ الْحُمْسَ لِهَذِهِ الآيَةِ أَفِيضُوا مِنْ حَيْثُ أَفَاضَ النَّاسُ سورة البقرة آية 199 ، أَيْ غَيْرُ قُرَيْشٍ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا يَقِفُونَ بِالْمُزْدَلِفَةِ ، وَهَذِهِ اللَّفْظَةُ مِنَ الْجِنْسِ الَّذِي نَقُولُ : إِنَّ اسْمَ النَّاسِ قَدْ يَقَعُ عَلَى بَعْضِهِمْ إِذِ الْعِلْمُ مُحِيطٌ أَنَّ جَمِيعَ النَّاسِ لَمْ يَقِفُوا بِعَرَفَاتٍ ، وَإِنَّمَا وَقَفَ بِعَرَفَاتٍ بَعْضُهُمْ لا جَمِيعُهُمْ ، وَفِي قَوْلِ جُبَيْرٍ : مَا كَانَ إِلا تَوْفِيقًا مِنَ اللَّهِ لَهُ دَلالَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يَكُنْ أَمَرَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتِ بِوَحْيٍ مُنَزَّلٍ عَلَيْهِ بِالْوُقُوفِ بِعَرَفَةَ ، إِذْ لَوْ كَانَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتِ كَانَ اللَّهُ قَدْ أَمَرَهُ بِالْوَقْفِ بِعَرَفَةَ عِنْدَ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ لأَشْبَهَ أَنْ يَقُولَ : فَعَلِمْتُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَمَرَهُ بِذَلِكَ ، وَإِنَّمَا قُلْتُ إِنَّهُ جَائِزٌ أَنْ يَكُونَ جُبَيْرُ بْنُ مُطْعِمٍ أَرَادَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ أَيْ جَمِيعُ الْقُرْآنِ ، لأَنَّ جَمِيعَ الْقُرْآنِ لَمْ يَنْزِلْ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِمَكَّةَ قَبْلَ هِجْرَتِهِ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ ، وَإِنَّمَا نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ بَعْضُ الْقُرْآنِ بِمَكَّةَ قَبْلَ الْهِجْرَةِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ بَعْدَ الْهِجْرَةِ ، وَاسْتَدْلَلْتُ بِأَنَّهُ أَرَادَ بِقَوْلِهِ : قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ الْقُرْآنُ ، جَمِيعَ الْقُرْآنِ لا أَنَّهُ أَرَادَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ .
Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that the Quraish and those who followed their religion used to stay at Muzdalifah, and they were called "Hums" (people considered very strict and firm in religion), while all the other Arabs used to stay at Arafat. Then, when the era of Islam came, Allah Almighty commanded His Prophet to go to the plain of Arafat and stay there, so he stayed at the plain of Arafat, then departed from there towards Muzdalifah, and this was due to the command of Allah Almighty « ثُمَّ أَفِيضُوا مِنْ حَيْثُ أَفَاضَ النَّاسُ » [ سورة البقرة : 199 ] "Then depart from where the people depart." Imam Abu Bakr (may Allah have mercy on him) says that this hadith is evidence that Allah Almighty commanded His Prophet to stay at Arafat so that he would oppose the Quraish staying at Muzdalifah and not going outside the boundaries of the Haram, because they used to call themselves Hums (the standard-bearers of religion). Through this verse, the command was given « ثُمَّ أَفِيضُوا مِنْ حَيْثُ أَفَاضَ النَّاسُ » [ سورة البقرة : 199 ] "Then depart from where the people depart." And these words are also of the type about which we say that the term "people" (al-naas) can also apply to some people, because it is certain that not all people used to stay at the plain of Arafat, but only some people (other than the Quraish) used to stay there. The statement of Sayyiduna Jubair (may Allah be pleased with him) and this action of his was done by the guidance of Allah. In this is evidence that until that time, Allah Almighty had not revealed to him by revelation the command to stay at Arafat. Because if, according to Sayyiduna Jubair bin Mut'im (may Allah be pleased with him), your staying at Arafat was by the command of Allah Almighty, then he would have said these words: "I know well that Allah Almighty has commanded you to stay at Arafat." And I have said this; it is possible that Sayyiduna Jubair bin Mut'im (may Allah be pleased with him) meant that before the entire Qur'an was revealed, I saw you standing at Arafat. Because the entire Qur'an was not revealed to you in Makkah Mukarramah before the migration to Madinah, but some of the Qur'an was revealed before the migration in Makkah Mukarramah and some was revealed in Madinah Munawwarah. And from his statement, I have taken this meaning that this incident is from before the entire Qur'an was revealed; his intention is not that this incident is from before the first revelation of the Qur'an to you. The evidence for this is the following hadith.
