صحيح ابن خزيمه
Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah
جماع أبواب ذكر أفعال اختلف الناس فى إباحته للمحرم، نصت سنة النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم أو دلت على إباحتهاChapters on Acts Permitted for the Pilgrim by Sunnah
(220) بَابُ الْمُهِلَّةِ بِالْعُمْرَةِ تَقْدَمُ مَكَّةَ وَهِيَ حَائِضٌChapter: Delaying ‘Umrah for a menstruating woman who arrives in Mecca
Hadith 2788
حَدَّثَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الأَعْلَى ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ ، أَنَّ مَالِكًا ، حَدَّثَهُ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِي اللَّهُ عَنْهَا ، قَالَتْ : خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ ، فَأَهْلَلْنَا بِعُمْرَةٍ ، قَالَتْ : فَقَدِمْتُ مَكَّةَ ، وَأَنَا حَائِضٌ ، وَلَمْ أَطُفْ بِالْبَيْتِ ، وَلا بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ ، فَشَكَوْتُ ذَلِكَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : " انْقُضِي رَأْسَكِ وَامْتَشِطِي ، وَأَهِلِّي بِالْحَجِّ وَدَعِي الْعُمْرَةَ " ، قَالَتْ : فَفَعَلْتُ ، فَلَمَّا قَضَيْنَا الْحَجَّ أَرْسَلَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَعَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ إِلَى التَّنْعِيمِ فَاعْتَمَرْتُ ، قَالَ : هَذِهِ مَكَانُ عُمْرَتِكِ " ، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : قَدْ كُنْتُ زَمَانًا يَتَخَالَجُ فِي نَفْسِي مِنْ هَذِهِ اللَّفْظَةِ الَّتِي فِي خَبَرِ عَائِشَةَ ، وَقَوْلُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَهَا انْقُضِي رَأْسَكِ ، وَامْتَشِطِي وَكُنْتُ أَفْرُقُ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِي أَمْرِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَهَا بِذَلِكَ دَلالَةٌ عَلَى صِحَّةِ مَذْهَبِ مَنْ خَالَفَنَا فِي هَذِهِ الْمَسْأَلَةِ وَزَعَمَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمَرَ عَائِشَةَ بِرَفْضِ الْعُمْرَةِ ، ثُمَّ وَجَدْتُ الدَّلِيلَ عَلَى صِحَّةِ مَذْهَبِنَا ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ كَانَتْ تَرَى أَنَّ الْمُعْتَمِرَ إِذَا دَخَلَ الْحَرَمَ حَلَّ لَهُ جَمِيعُ مَا يَحِلُّ لِلْحَاجِّ إِذَا رَمَى جَمْرَةَ الْعَقَبَةِ ، وَكَانَ يَحِلُّ لِعَائِشَةَ بَعْدَ دُخُولِهَا الْحَرَمَ نَقْضُ رَأْسِهَا ، وَالامْتِشَاطِ ، حَدَّثَنَا بِالْخَبَرِ الَّذِي ذَكَرْتُ عَبْدُ الْجَبَّارِ ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ ، سَمِعَهُ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ ، عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ، يُخْبِرُ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ بِنْتِ طَلْحَةَ ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ أَمَرَتْهَا أَنْ تَنْقُضَ شَعَرَهَا وَتَغْسِلَهُ ، وَقَالَتْ : إِنَّ الْمُعْتَمِرَ إِذَا دَخَلَ الْحَرَمَ ، فَهُوَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْحَاجِّ إِذَا رَمَى جَمْرَةَ الْعَقَبَةِ ، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ : إِنَّمَا أَمَرَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ تَتْرُكَ الْعَمَلَ بِعُمْرَةٍ مِنَ الطَّوَافِ وَالسَّعْيِ ، لا أَنْ تَرْفُضَ الْعُمْرَةَ ، وَأَمَرَهَا أَنْ تُهِلَّ بِالْحَجِّ ، فَتَصِيرُ قَارِنَةً ، وَهَذَا عِنْدَ الشَّافِعِيِّ كَفِعْلِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ حِينَ أَهَلَّ بِعُمْرَةٍ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : مَا أَرَى سَبِيلَهُمَا إِلا وَاحِدًا ، أُشْهِدُكُمْ أَنِّي قَدْ أَوْجَبْتُ حَجَّةً مَعَ عُمْرَتِي ، فَقَرَنَ الْحَجَّ إِلَى الْعُمْرَةِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَطُوفَ لِلْعُمْرَةِ وَيَسْعَى لَهَا فَصَارَ قَارِنًا ، وَمَعْنَى قَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَهَا : هَذِهِ مَكَانُ الْعُمْرَةِ الَّتِي لَمْ يُمْكِنْكِ الْعَمَلَ لَهَا ، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : قَدْ بَيَّنْتُ هَذَا الْخَبَرَ فِي الْمَسْأَلَةِ الطَّوِيلَةِ فِي تَأْلِيفِ أَخْبَارِ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَاخْتِلافِ أَلْفَاظِهِمْ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ
Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that we set out with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) for the Farewell Pilgrimage. We assumed Ihram for Umrah and recited the Talbiyah. She says: I reached Makkah in a state of menstruation. I did not perform the Tawaf of the Sacred House nor the Sa’i between Safa and Marwah. Then I complained to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about this, so he said: “Undo your hair, comb it, and assume Ihram for Hajj, and leave the acts of Umrah.” So I did as he instructed. Then, when we had performed Hajj, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent me with Sayyiduna Abdur Rahman bin Abi Bakr (may Allah be pleased with them both) to Tan’eem (so that I could assume Ihram for Umrah from there), and thus I performed Umrah. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “This is in place of your Umrah.” Imam Abu Bakr (may Allah have mercy on him) says: For a long time, my heart was troubled and hesitant about this hadith of Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her). The statement of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to her: “Undo your hair and comb it,” made me fear that our opponents might use this as evidence for their view in this matter, that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) to annul her Umrah. Then I found proof for the correctness of my own view and position, and that is: Lady Aisha’s (may Allah be pleased with her) position was that when a person performing Umrah enters the Haram, all the restrictions are lifted from him that are lifted from a pilgrim after stoning Jamrat al-Aqabah. Therefore, after entering the boundaries of the Haram, Lady Aisha’s (may Allah be pleased with her) undoing her hair and combing it was permissible. The evidence for this is the narration she herself reported, that Aisha bint Talha narrates: Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) ordered her to undo her hair and wash it, and she said: Indeed, when a person performing Umrah enters the boundaries of the Haram, he becomes lawful just as a pilgrim becomes lawful after stoning Jamrat al-Aqabah. Imam Abu Bakr (may Allah have mercy on him) says: Imam Shafi’i (may Allah have mercy on him) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) only prevented Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) from performing Tawaf and Sa’i in her Umrah, not that he ordered her not to perform Umrah at all. He instructed her to assume Ihram for Hajj and intend for Qiran Hajj. The opinion of Imam Shafi’i (may Allah have mercy on him) is similar to the action of Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), as he had first assumed Ihram for Umrah, then said: I think the command and method for Hajj and Umrah are the same; I make you witnesses that I have now intended Hajj along with my Umrah. Thus, before performing the Sa’i and Tawaf of Umrah, he combined Hajj with his Umrah and became one performing Qiran Hajj. And the statement of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her): “This is in place of your Umrah,” means that the acts you could not perform before, you have now performed. These are in compensation for them. Imam Abu Bakr (may Allah have mercy on him) says: I have mentioned this narration in a lengthy issue in which I have collected the narrations of the Companions regarding the Farewell Pilgrimage and their different wordings, and have reconciled their meanings.
