Hadith 2131
حَدَّثَنَا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ الْبَحْرَانِيُّ أَمْلَى بِبَغْدَادَ ، حَدَّثَنَا مَرْوَانُ بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ كَيْسَانَ ، عَنْ أَبِي حَازِمٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَنْ أَصْبَحَ مِنْكُمُ الْيَوْمَ صَائِمًا ؟ " فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : أَنَا ، فَقَالَ : " مَنْ أَطْعَمَ مِنْكُمُ الْيَوْمَ مِسْكِينًا ؟ " قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : أَنَا . فَقَالَ : " مَنْ تَبِعَ مِنْكُمُ الْيَوْمَ جَنَازَةً ؟ " فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : أَنَا . قَالُ : " مَنْ عَادَ مِنْكُمُ الْيَوْمَ مَرِيضًا ؟ " قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : أَنَا . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَا اجْتَمَعَتْ هَذِهِ الْخِصَالُ قَطُّ فِي رَجُلٍ إِلا دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ " . قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : هَذَا الْخَبَرُ مِنَ الْجِنْسِ الَّذِي بَيَّنْتُ فِي كِتَابِ الإِيمَانِ ، فَلَوْ كَانَ فِي قَوْلِهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَنْ قَالَ : لا إِلَهَ إِلا اللَّهُ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ " ، دَلالَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّ جَمِيعَ الإِيمَانِ ، قَوْلُ : لا إِلَهَ إِلا اللَّهُ ، لَكَانَ فِي هَذَا الْخَبَرِ دَلالَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّ جَمِيعَ الإِيمَانِ صَوْمُ يَوْمٍ ، وَإِطْعَامُ مِسْكِينٍ ، وَشُهُودُ جَنَازَةٍ ، وَعِيَادَةُ الْمَرِيضِ ، لَكِنْ هَذِهِ فَضَائِلُ لِهَذِهِ الأَعْمَالِ ، لا كَمَا يَدَّعِي مَنْ لا يَفْهَمُ الْعِلْمَ ، وَلا يُحْسِنُهُ
Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Who among you began this morning in a state of fasting?" Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) replied, "I did." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Who among you fed a needy person today?" Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said, "I did." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) then asked: "Who among you attended a funeral today?" Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) replied, "I did." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) inquired: "Who among you visited a sick person today?" Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) answered, "I did." So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever combines these qualities in himself will enter Paradise." Imam Abu Bakr (may Allah have mercy on him) says that this narration is of the same type as the one I have mentioned in the Book of Faith. Therefore, if in the statement of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that "Whoever affirms « لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا الله » will enter Paradise," there was evidence that affirmation of « لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا الله » alone is complete faith, then in this hadith there would be evidence that complete faith is to fast one day, feed a needy person, attend a funeral, and visit a sick person. But these are the virtues of these deeds. The intent is not what the inexperienced and less knowledgeable people have claimed.
