Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah

Sayyiduna Sa’ib bin Yazid رضي الله عنه narrates that the adhan for Jumu’ah mentioned by Allah Almighty in the Noble Qur’an used to be given at the time when the Imam would arrive (for the Friday sermon), and (the second adhan, i.e., the iqamah) during the time of the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr and ‘Umar رضي الله عنهما, would be called when the prayer was about to begin. Then, when the era of Sayyiduna ‘Uthman رضي الله عنه came, the people had increased, so he ordered the third adhan to be given at the place called Zawra. Thus, that adhan remains to this day. Imam Abu Bakr رحمه الله says that by the words of the hadith “and when the prayer is established,” what is meant is the second adhan, i.e., the iqamah. And both the adhan and the iqamah are called “adhanayn” (two adhans). He said: Did you not hear the statement of the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم that he said: “Between the two adhans there is (nafl) prayer.” By this, the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم meant between every adhan and iqamah. And the Arabs give the same name to two things that are joined together. The statement of Allah Almighty is: « وَلِأَبَوَيْهِ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِّنْهُمَا » [ سورة النساء : 11 ] “Each of the parents gets a sixth.” And the statement of Allah Almighty is: « وَوَرِثَهُ أَبَوَاهُ فَلِأُمِّهِ الثُّلُثُ » [ سورة النساء : 11 ] “And if his parents are his heirs, then his mother gets a third.” While by “parents” is meant both mother and father, and Allah Almighty has used the word “abawayn” (two fathers) for both. The hadith of Sayyidah ‘A’ishah رضي الله عنها is also of this type. In the time of the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم, our food consisted of two black things: dates and water. While only the dates were black in color, not the water. Despite this, Sayyidah ‘A’ishah رضي الله عنها called both “aswadayn” (the two black things), because they were combined. Another example of this is “Sunnat al-‘Umarayn” (the way and Sunnah of the two Umars), and by this is meant the way of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr and ‘Umar رضي الله عنهما, and not the way of Sayyiduna ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab and Sayyiduna ‘Umar ibn ‘Abd al-‘Aziz رضي الله عنهما, as some people have misunderstood. And the evidence that by the words of the hadith “and when the prayer is established” is meant the second adhan, which is called the iqamah, is (the following hadith).