Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah

It is narrated from Sayyidah Hafsah (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It is necessary for every adult person to go for Jumu'ah, and it is obligatory for the one going for Jumu'ah to perform ghusl (ritual bath)." Imam Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) says that these words, "It is obligatory for every adult person to go for Jumu'ah," are among those words about which we say that when a ruling is based on a reason or cause, then it is permissible to draw analogy and comparison with it. As long as that reason remains, the ruling remains obligatory. Because the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) has informed that it is obligatory for every mature (adult) person to be present for Jumu'ah, and by ihtilam (wet dream) is meant adulthood. Therefore, when a person becomes an adult, even if he does not experience ihtilam and becomes an adult by some other sign, then Jumu'ah is obligatory upon every such adult person, even if his adulthood is by some sign other than ihtilam. Even though this is against our principle and is according to the principle and rule of our opponents in analogy and comparison. Their view is that a ruling is not based on a reason, but the ruling is only for worship. If this is the case, then a person who is twenty or thirty years old and has not yet become an adult (has not experienced ihtilam), and he is a Muslim, sane, free person, and he hears the adhan for Jumu'ah in the city or is present at the door of the mosque, then it will not be obligatory for him to be present for Jumu'ah. Because the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) has informed that attendance at Jumu'ah is only obligatory upon a person who has experienced ihtilam. Whereas there are many people who do not experience ihtilam for years, and this ruling is like the ruling of Allah Almighty: « وَإِذَا بَلَغَ الْأَطْفَالُ مِنكُمُ الْحُلُمَ فَلْيَسْتَأْذِنُوا كَمَا اسْتَأْذَنَ الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ » [ سورة النور : 59 ] "And when the boys among you reach the age of puberty, let them also ask permission as those before them have asked permission." In this way, Allah Almighty has commanded those children to seek permission who have experienced ihtilam, and the occurrence of ihtilam is a sign of adulthood. And if it were not permissible to make a ruling by analogy and comparison, then a person who reaches the age of thirty and does not experience ihtilam, it would not be obligatory for him to seek permission. And this is like the hadith of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that "the pen has been lifted from three types of people (they are not accountable in Shari'ah)." In this narration, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "And from the child until he begins to experience ihtilam." And the person who does not experience ihtilam and has reached the age at which a person becomes an adult without ihtilam, then the pen has not been lifted from such a person. Because knowledge has not been lifted from the person by the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Because the meaning of the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) statement "until he becomes one who experiences ihtilam" is that ihtilam is a sign of adulthood. Therefore, whenever a child becomes an adult, even if it is without experiencing ihtilam, then the Shari'ah rulings will apply to him, and the pen will be applied to him just as it is after experiencing ihtilam.