صحیح ابن حبان
Ibn Hibban
كتاب إخباره ﷺ عن مناقب الصحابة رجالهم ونسائهم بذكر أسمائهم رضوان الله عليهم أجمعينBook of the Prophet’s ﷺ Reports on the Virtues of the Companions, Men and Women, by Name
ذكر وصف دعاء سعد بن معاذ لما فرغ من قتل بني قريظة-
Subchapter
Hadith 7028
أَخْبَرَنَا عِمْرَانُ بْنُ مُوسَى بْنِ مُجَاشِعٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ، قَالَتْ : خَرَجْتُ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ أَقْفُو أَثَرَ النَّاسِ ، فَسَمِعْتُ وَئِيدَ الأَرْضِ مِنْ وَرَائِي ، فَالْتَفَتُّ فَإِِذَا أَنَا بِسَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ وَمَعَهُ ابْنُ أَخِيهِ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ أَوْسٍ يَحْمِلُ مِجَنَّهُ ، فَجَلَسْتُ إِِلَى الأَرْضِ ، فَمَرَّ سَعْدٌ وَعَلَيْهِ دِرْعٌ قَدْ خَرَجَتْ مِنْهَا أَطْرَافُهُ ، فَأَنَا أَتَخَوَّفُ عَلَى أَطْرَافِ سَعْدٍ ، وَكَانَ مِنْ أَعْظَمِ النَّاسِ وَأَطْوَلِهِمْ ، قَالَتْ : فَمَرَّ وَهُوَ يَرْتَجِزُ ، وَيَقُولُ : لَبِّثْ قَلِيلا يُدْرِكِ الْهَيْجَا حَمَلْ مَا أَحْسَنَ الْمَوْتَ إِِذَا حَانَ الأَجَلْ . قَالَتْ : فَقُمْتُ فَاقْتَحَمَتُ حَدِيقَةً ، فَإِِذَا فِيهَا نَفَرٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فِيهِمْ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ : وَيْحَكِ مَا جَاءَ بِكِ ، لَعَمْرِي وَاللَّهِ إِِنَّكِ لَجَرِيئَةٌ ، مَا يُؤْمِنُكِ أَنْ يَكُونَ تَحَوُّزٌ أَوْ بَلاءٌ ، قَالَتْ : فَمَا زَالَ يَلُومُنِي حَتَّى تَمَنَّيْتُ أَنَّ الأَرْضَ قَدِ انْشَقَّتْ فَدَخَلْتُ فِيهَا ، وَفِيهِمْ رَجُلٌ عَلَيْهِ نَصِيفَةٌ لَهُ ، فَرَفَعَ الرَّجُلُ النَّصِيفَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ ، فَإِِذَا طَلْحَةُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ ، فَقَالَ : وَيْحَكَ يَا عُمَرُ ، إِِنَّكَ قَدْ أَكْثَرْتَ مُنْذُ الْيَوْمَ ، وَأَيْنَ الْفِرَارُ إِِلا إِِلَى اللَّهِ ؟ قَالَتْ : وَرَمَى سَعْدًا رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ ، يُقَالُ لَهُ : ابْنُ الْعَرِقَةِ بِسَهْمٍ ، قَالَ : خُذْهَا وَأَنَا ابْنُ الْعَرِقَةَ فَأَصَابَ أَكْحَلَهُ فَقَطَعَهَا ، فَقَالَ : لا تُمِتْنِي حَتَّى تُقِرَّ عَيْنِي مِنْ قُرَيْظَةَ ، وَكَانُوا حُلَفَاءَهُ وَمَوَالِيهِ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ ، فَبَرَأَ كَلْمُهُ ، وَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ الرِّيحَ عَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ ، فَكَفَى اللَّهُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الْقِتَالَ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ قَوِيًّا عَزِيزًا ، فَلَحِقَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بِتِهَامَةَ ، وَلَحِقَ عُيَيْنَةَ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ بِنَجْدٍ ، وَرَجَعَتْ بَنُو قُرَيْظَةَ فَتَحَصَّنُوا بِصَيَاصِيهِمْ ، فَرَجَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ ، وَأَمَرَ بِقُبَّةٍ مِنْ أَدَمٍ فَضُرِبَتْ عَلَى سَعْدٍ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ وَوَضَعَ السِّلاحَ ، قَالَتْ : " فَأَتَاهُ جِبْرِيلُ ، فَقَالَ : أَوَقَدْ وَضَعْتَ السِّلاحَ ، فَوَاللَّهِ مَا وَضَعَتِ الْمَلائِكَةُ السِّلاحَ ، اخْرُجْ إِِلَى بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ فَقَاتِلْهُمْ ، فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالرَّحِيلِ وَلَبِسَ لأْمَتَهُ ، فَخَرَجَ فَمَرَّ عَلَى بَنِي غَنْمٍ وَكَانُوا جِيرَانَ الْمَسْجِدِ ، فَقَالَ : مَنْ مَرِّ بِكُمْ ؟ قَالُوا : مَرَّ بِنَا دِحْيَةُ الْكَلْبِيُّ ، فَأَتَاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَحَاصَرَهُمْ خَمْسًا وَعِشْرِينَ يَوْمًا ، فَلَمَّا اشْتَدَّ حَصْرُهُمْ وَاشْتَدَّ الْبَلاءُ عَلَيْهِمْ ، قِيلَ لَهُمُ : انْزِلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَاسْتَشَارُوا أَبَا لُبَابَةَ ، فَأَشَارَ إِِلَيْهِمْ أَنَّهُ الذَّبْحُ ، فَقَالُوا : نَنْزِلُ عَلَى حُكْمِ سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ ، فَنَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِ سَعْدٍ وَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِِلَى سَعْدٍ فَحُمِلَ عَلَى حِمَارٍ وَعَلَيْهِ إِِكَافٌ مِنْ لِيفٍ وَحَفَّ بِهِ قَوْمُهُ ، فَجَعَلُوا يَقُولُونَ : يَا أَبَا عَمْرٍو ، حُلَفَاؤُكَ وَمَوَالِيكَ وَأَهْلُ النِّكَايَةِ وَمَنْ قَدْ عَلِمْتَ ، فَلا يُرْجِعُ إِِلَيْهِمْ قَوْلا ، حَتَّى إِِذَا دَنَا مِنْ ذَرَارِيِّهِمُ الْتَفَتَ إِِلَى قَوْمِهِ ، فَقَالَ : قَدْ آنَ لِسَعْدٍ أَنْ لا يُبَالِي فِي اللَّهِ لَوْمَةَ لائِمٍ ، فَلَمَّا طَلَعَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : قُومُوا إِِلَى سَيِّدِكُمْ فَأَنْزِلُوهُ ، قَالَ عُمَرُ : سَيِّدُنَا اللَّهُ ، قَالَ : أَنْزِلُوهُ ، فَأَنْزَلُوهُ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : احْكُمْ فِيهِمْ ، قَالَ : فَإِِنِّي أَحْكُمُ فِيهِمْ أَنْ تُقْتَلَ مُقَاتِلَتُهُمْ ، وَتُسْبَى ذَرَارِيِّهِمْ ، وَتُقْسَمُ أَمْوَالُهُمْ ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : لَقَدْ حَكَمْتَ فِيهِمْ بِحُكْمِ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ ، ثُمَّ دَعَا اللَّهَ سَعْدٌ ، فَقَالَ : اللَّهُمَّ إِِنْ كُنْتَ أَبْقَيْتَ عَلَى نَبِيِّكَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ حَرْبِ قُرَيْشٍ شَيْئًا ، فَأَبْقِنِي لَهَا ، وَإِِنْ كُنْتَ قَطَعْتَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُمْ ، فَاقْبِضْنِي إِِلَيْكَ ، فَانْفَجَرَ كَلْمُهُ وَكَانَ قَدْ بَرَأَ مِنْهُ حَتَّى مَا بَقِيَ مِنْهُ إِِلا مِثْلَ الْحِمَّصِ ، قَالَتْ : فَرَجَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَرَجَعَ سَعْدٌ إِِلَى بَيْتِهِ الَّذِي ضَرَبَ عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَتْ : فَحَضَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ ، قَالَتْ : فَوَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ ، إِِنِّي لأَعْرِفُ بُكَاءَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ مِنْ بُكَاءِ عُمَرَ وَأَنَا فِي حُجْرَتِي ، وَكَانُوا كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ : رُحَمَاءُ بَيْنَهُمْ سورة الفتح آية 29 ، قَالَ عَلْقَمَةُ : فَقُلْتُ أَيْ أُمَّهْ ، فَكَيْفَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَصْنَعُ ؟ قَالَتْ : كَانَ عَيْنَاهُ لا تَدْمَعُ عَلَى أَحَدٍ ، وَلَكِنَّهُ إِِذَا وَجَدَ إِِنَّمَا هُوَ آخِذٌ بِلِحْيَتِهِ " .
Lady Aisha Siddiqa (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: On the occasion of the Battle of the Trench, I went out following behind the people. I heard the sound of footsteps behind me on the ground. I turned and saw that it was Sayyiduna Sa’d bin Mu’adh (may Allah be pleased with him). With him was his nephew, Harith bin Aws, who was carrying his shield. I sat down on the ground. Sayyiduna Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) passed by, and he was wearing a coat of mail whose edges were protruding outward. I was concerned about the protruding edges of Sayyiduna Sa’d’s (may Allah be pleased with him) armor. He was a tall, well-built man. Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: When he passed by, he was reciting this rajaz (poetic chant): “Wait a little while, then you will reach death, and what a good death it is when a man’s time is complete.”
Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: I got up and entered a garden where some Muslims were present, among them Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him). Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: May you be ruined! Why have you come? By Allah, you have shown great boldness. What made you feel safe from the possibility that some calamity or trial could befall you? Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: He kept reproaching me until I wished that the earth would split open and I would enter it. Among those people was a man who had covered his face with a cloth. He removed the cloth from his face, and it was Sayyiduna Talha bin Ubaidullah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: O Umar! May you be ruined! Today you have gone to extremes. Where can one go besides Allah Almighty?
Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: A man named Arqah, who was from the polytheists, shot an arrow at Sayyiduna Sa’d (bin Mu’adh, may Allah be pleased with him) and said: Take this! I am Ibn Arqah. The arrow struck his specific vein and cut it. Sayyiduna Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Allah, do not let me die until You cool my eyes regarding Banu Qurayza. Those people and their allies had been his confederates in the time of ignorance. The wound of Sayyiduna Sa’d bin Mu’adh (may Allah be pleased with him) healed, then Allah Almighty sent a wind against the polytheists. Allah Almighty sufficed the believers regarding the place of battle, and Allah is Powerful and Dominant. Abu Sufyan went to Tihamah and met his companions in Uyainah and Najd. Banu Qurayza returned and fortified themselves in their area. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) returned to Madinah and ordered a tent made of leather to be set up for Sayyiduna Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) in the mosque. He (the Prophet) removed his weapons.
Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: Then Gabriel came to him and said: Have you removed your weapons? By Allah, the angels have not yet removed their weapons. Go to Banu Qurayza and fight them. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered the departure, put on his battle attire, left his house, and passed by Banu Ghanm, who were neighbors of the mosque. He asked: Who just passed by you? They replied: Dihyah Kalbi passed by us (i.e., Gabriel came in the form of Dihyah Kalbi). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) went to Banu Qurayza and besieged them for 25 days. When the siege became severe and the trial upon them became hard, it was said to them: Accept the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) as arbitrator. They consulted Abu Lubabah, who gestured to them that they would be slaughtered. So they said: We accept Sayyiduna Sa’d bin Mu’adh (may Allah be pleased with him) as arbitrator. They ended the siege on the decision of Sayyiduna Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) summoned Sayyiduna Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him), who was brought on a donkey covered with a mat made of palm branches. His people surrounded him, saying: O Abu Amr, these are your allies and confederates, your companions in battles, and those whom you know. But Sayyiduna Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) did not answer them until he came near their children. Then he turned to his people and said: Now is the time for Sa’d to not care about the blame of any blamer for the sake of Allah Almighty. When he came before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), the Prophet said: Stand up for your leader and help him down. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Our leader is Allah Almighty. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Help him down. They helped him down. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: Judge between them. Sayyiduna Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) said: My judgment is that their fighting men be killed, their children taken captive, and their wealth distributed. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: You have judged according to the judgment of Allah and His Messenger. Then Sayyiduna Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) supplicated to Allah Almighty, saying: O Allah, if You have kept the war with Quraysh for Your Prophet, then keep me for it, and if You have ended the war between Your Prophet and them, then seize me to Yourself. Then blood began to flow from his wound, though it had previously healed, until only a minor wound remained.
Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) returned, and Sayyiduna Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) went back to his home, to the tent that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had set up for him. Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was with Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: By Him in Whose hand is my soul, I was in my chamber when I clearly heard the weeping of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). Thus it happened as Allah Almighty says: “They are merciful to one another.”
The narrator Alqamah said: O Mother of the Believers, what would the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) do (i.e., at the time of weeping)? Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) replied: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would not shed tears over anyone, but he would grasp his blessed beard (due to the intensity of grief).
Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: I got up and entered a garden where some Muslims were present, among them Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him). Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: May you be ruined! Why have you come? By Allah, you have shown great boldness. What made you feel safe from the possibility that some calamity or trial could befall you? Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: He kept reproaching me until I wished that the earth would split open and I would enter it. Among those people was a man who had covered his face with a cloth. He removed the cloth from his face, and it was Sayyiduna Talha bin Ubaidullah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: O Umar! May you be ruined! Today you have gone to extremes. Where can one go besides Allah Almighty?
Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: A man named Arqah, who was from the polytheists, shot an arrow at Sayyiduna Sa’d (bin Mu’adh, may Allah be pleased with him) and said: Take this! I am Ibn Arqah. The arrow struck his specific vein and cut it. Sayyiduna Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Allah, do not let me die until You cool my eyes regarding Banu Qurayza. Those people and their allies had been his confederates in the time of ignorance. The wound of Sayyiduna Sa’d bin Mu’adh (may Allah be pleased with him) healed, then Allah Almighty sent a wind against the polytheists. Allah Almighty sufficed the believers regarding the place of battle, and Allah is Powerful and Dominant. Abu Sufyan went to Tihamah and met his companions in Uyainah and Najd. Banu Qurayza returned and fortified themselves in their area. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) returned to Madinah and ordered a tent made of leather to be set up for Sayyiduna Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) in the mosque. He (the Prophet) removed his weapons.
Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: Then Gabriel came to him and said: Have you removed your weapons? By Allah, the angels have not yet removed their weapons. Go to Banu Qurayza and fight them. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered the departure, put on his battle attire, left his house, and passed by Banu Ghanm, who were neighbors of the mosque. He asked: Who just passed by you? They replied: Dihyah Kalbi passed by us (i.e., Gabriel came in the form of Dihyah Kalbi). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) went to Banu Qurayza and besieged them for 25 days. When the siege became severe and the trial upon them became hard, it was said to them: Accept the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) as arbitrator. They consulted Abu Lubabah, who gestured to them that they would be slaughtered. So they said: We accept Sayyiduna Sa’d bin Mu’adh (may Allah be pleased with him) as arbitrator. They ended the siege on the decision of Sayyiduna Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) summoned Sayyiduna Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him), who was brought on a donkey covered with a mat made of palm branches. His people surrounded him, saying: O Abu Amr, these are your allies and confederates, your companions in battles, and those whom you know. But Sayyiduna Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) did not answer them until he came near their children. Then he turned to his people and said: Now is the time for Sa’d to not care about the blame of any blamer for the sake of Allah Almighty. When he came before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), the Prophet said: Stand up for your leader and help him down. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Our leader is Allah Almighty. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Help him down. They helped him down. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: Judge between them. Sayyiduna Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) said: My judgment is that their fighting men be killed, their children taken captive, and their wealth distributed. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: You have judged according to the judgment of Allah and His Messenger. Then Sayyiduna Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) supplicated to Allah Almighty, saying: O Allah, if You have kept the war with Quraysh for Your Prophet, then keep me for it, and if You have ended the war between Your Prophet and them, then seize me to Yourself. Then blood began to flow from his wound, though it had previously healed, until only a minor wound remained.
Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) returned, and Sayyiduna Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) went back to his home, to the tent that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had set up for him. Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was with Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: By Him in Whose hand is my soul, I was in my chamber when I clearly heard the weeping of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). Thus it happened as Allah Almighty says: “They are merciful to one another.”
The narrator Alqamah said: O Mother of the Believers, what would the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) do (i.e., at the time of weeping)? Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) replied: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would not shed tears over anyone, but he would grasp his blessed beard (due to the intensity of grief).
