صحیح ابن حبان
Ibn Hibban
كتاب التاريخBook of History
باب بدء الخلق - ذكر وصف حال موسى حين لقي الخضر بعد فقد الحوت-
Subchapter
Hadith 6220
أَخْبَرَنَا أَخْبَرَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ مِنْ كِتَابِهِ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْجَبَّارِ بْنُ الْعَلاءِ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، قَالَ : حَفِظْتُهُ مِنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ لابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ : إِِنَّ نَوْفًا الْبَكَالِيَّ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ لَيْسَ بِصَاحِبِ الْخَضِرِ ، إِِنَّمَا هُوَ مُوسَى آخَرُ ، قَالَ : كَذَبَ عَدُوُّ اللَّهِ ، أَخْبَرَنَا أُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : " قَامَ مُوسَى فِي بَنِي إِِسْرَائِيلَ خَطِيبًا ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ : أَيُّ النَّاسِ أَعْلَمُ ؟ ، قَالَ : أَنَا ، قَالَ : فَعَتَبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ ، إِِذْ لَمْ يَرُدَّ الْعِلْمَ إِِلَيْهِ ، فَقَالَ : عَبْدٌ لِي بِمَجْمَعِ الْبَحْرَيْنِ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ مِنْكَ ، قَالَ : أَيْ رَبِّ ، فَكَيْفَ لِي بِهِ ؟ ، قَالَ : تَأْخُذُ حُوتًا ، فَتَجْعَلُهُ فِي مِكْتَلٍ ، فَحَيْثُ مَا فَقَدْتَ الْحُوتَ فَهُوَ ، ثَمَّ قَالَ : فَأَخَذَ الْحُوتَ ، فَجَعَلَهُ فِي الْمِكْتَلِ ، فَدَفَعَهُ إِِلَى فَتَاهُ ، فَانْطَلَقَا حَتَّى أَتَيَا الصَّخْرَةَ ، فَرَقَدَ مُوسَى ، فَاضْطَرَبَ الْحُوتُ فِي الْمِكْتَلِ ، فَخَرَجَ ، فَوَقَعَ فِي الْبَحْرِ ، فَأَمْسَكَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ جَرْيَةَ الْمَاءِ ، فَصَارَ مِثْلَ الطَّاقِ ، فَكَانَ الْبَحْرُ لِلْحُوتِ سَرَبًا ، وَلِمُوسَى وَلِفَتَاهُ عَجَبًا ، فَانْطَلَقَا يَمْشِيَانِ ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ ، وَجَدَ مُوسَى النَّصَبَ ، فَقَالَ : آتِنَا غَدَاءَنَا لَقَدْ لَقِينَا مِنْ سَفَرِنَا هَذَا نَصَبًا سورة الكهف آية 62 ، قَالَ : وَلَمْ يَجِدِ النَّصَبَ حَتَّى جَاوَزَ الْمَكَانَ الَّذِي أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَعَلا ، فَقَالَ لَهُ فَتَاهُ : أَرَأَيْتَ إِذْ أَوَيْنَا إِلَى الصَّخْرَةِ فَإِنِّي نَسِيتُ الْحُوتَ وَمَا أَنْسَانِيهُ إِلا الشَّيْطَانُ أَنْ أَذْكُرَهُ سورة الكهف آية 63 ، قَالَ : ذَلِكَ مَا كُنَّا نَبْغِ فَارْتَدَّا عَلَى آثَارِهِمَا قَصَصًا سورة الكهف آية 64 ، فَجَعَلا يَقُصَّانِ آثَارَهُمَا حَتَّى أَتَيَا الصَّخْرَةَ ، فَإِِذَا رَجُلٌ مُسَجًّى عَلَيْهِ بِثَوْبٍ ، فَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : وَأَنَّى بِأَرْضِكَ السَّلامُ ؟ ، قَالَ : أَنَا مُوسَى ، قَالَ : مُوسَى بَنِي إِِسْرَائِيلَ ؟ قَالَ : نَعَمْ ، قَالَ : يَا مُوسَى ، إِِنِّي عَلَى عِلْمٍ مِنْ عِلْمِ اللَّهِ عَلَّمَنِيهِ اللَّهُ لا تَعْلَمُهُ ، وَأَنْتَ عَلَى عِلْمٍ مِنْ عِلْمِ اللَّهِ عَلَّمَكَهُ لا أَعْلَمُهُ ، قَالَ : إِِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَتَّبِعَكَ عَلَى أَنْ تُعَلِّمَنِي مِمَّا عَلِمْتَ رُشْدًا ، قَالَ إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَسْتَطِيعَ مَعِيَ صَبْرًا وَكَيْفَ تَصْبِرُ عَلَى مَا لَمْ تُحِطْ بِهِ خُبْرًا قَالَ سَتَجِدُنِي إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ صَابِرًا وَلا أَعْصِي لَكَ أَمْرًا قَالَ فَإِنِ اتَّبَعْتَنِي فَلا تَسْأَلْنِي عَنْ شَيْءٍ حَتَّى أُحْدِثَ لَكَ مِنْهُ ذِكْرًا سورة الكهف آية 67 - 70 ، قَالَ : فَانْطَلَقَا يَمْشِيَانِ عَلَى السَّاحِلِ ، فَمَرَّتْ بِهِ سَفِينَةٌ ، فَعَرَفُوا الْخَضِرَ ، فَحَمَلُوهُ بِغَيْرِ نَوْلٍ ، قَالَ : فَلَمْ يَفْجَأْ مُوسَى إِِلا وَهُوَ يُنْزِلُ لَوْحًا مِنْ أَلْوَاحِ السَّفِينَةِ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى : مَا صَنَعْتَ ؟ قَوْمٌ حَمَلُوكَ بِغَيْرِ نَوْلٍ عَمَدْتَ إِِلَى سَفِينَتِهِمْ ، فَخَرَقْتَهَا لِتُغْرِقَ أَهْلَهَا لَقَدْ جِئْتَ شَيْئًا إِمْرًا قَالَ أَلَمْ أَقُلْ إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَسْتَطِيعَ مَعِيَ صَبْرًا قَالَ لا تُؤَاخِذْنِي بِمَا نَسِيتُ وَلا تُرْهِقْنِي مِنْ أَمْرِي عُسْرًا سورة الكهف آية 72 - 73 ، قَالَ : فَكَانَتِ الأُولَى مِنْ مُوسَى نِسْيَانًا ، قَالَ : وَجَاءَ عُصْفُورٌ ، فَوَقَعَ عَلَى حَرْفِ السَّفِينَةِ ، فَنَقَرَ بِمِنْقَارِهِ فِي الْبَحْرِ ، فَقَالَ الْخَضِرُ لِمُوسَى : مَا نَقَصَ عِلْمِي وَعَلَّمُكَ مِنْ عِلْمِ اللَّهِ إِِلا مِثْلَ مَا نَقَصَ هَذَا الْعُصْفُورُ بِمِنْقَارِهِ مِنَ الْبَحْرِ ، قَالَ : وَمَرُّوا عَلَى غِلْمَانٍ يَلْعَبُونَ ، فَقَالَ الْخَضِرُ لِغُلامٍ مِنْهُمْ بِيَدِهِ هَكَذَا ، فَاقْتَلَعَ رَأْسَهُ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى : أَقَتَلْتَ نَفْسًا زَكِيَّةً بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ لَقَدْ جِئْتَ شَيْئًا نُكْرًا قَالَ أَلَمْ أَقُلْ لَكَ إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَسْتَطِيعَ مَعِيَ صَبْرًا قَالَ إِنْ سَأَلْتُكَ عَنْ شَيْءٍ بَعْدَهَا فَلا تُصَاحِبْنِي قَدْ بَلَغْتَ مِنْ لَدُنِّي عُذْرًا سورة الكهف آية 76 ، قَالَ : " فَأَتَيَا أَهْلَ قَرْيَةٍ اسْتَطْعَمَا أَهْلَهَا فَأَبَوْا أَنْ يُضَيِّفُوهُمَا فَوَجَدَا فِيهَا جِدَارًا يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَنْقَضَّ " ، فَقَالَ الْخَضِرُ بِيَدِهِ هَكَذَا ، فَأَقَامَهُ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى : اسْتَطْعَمْنَاهُمْ ، فَأَبَوْا أَنْ يُطْعِمُونَا ، وَاسْتَضَفْنَاهُمْ ، فَأَبَوْا أَنْ يُضَيِّفُونَا ، عَمَدْتَ إِِلَى حَائِطِهِمْ ، فَأَقَمْتَهُ ! لَوْ شِئْتَ لاتَّخَذْتَ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا قَالَ هَذَا فِرَاقُ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنِكَ سَأُنَبِّئُكَ بِتَأْوِيلِ مَا لَمْ تَسْتَطِعْ عَلَيْهِ صَبْرًا سورة الكهف آية 78 - 78 ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : وَدِدْنَا أَنْ مُوسَى كَانَ صَبَرَ حَتَّى يَقُصَّ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ " ، وَكَانَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ يَقْرَأُ : وَأَمَّا الْغُلامُ كَانَ كَافِرًا وَكَانَ أَبَوَاهُ مُؤْمِنَيْنِ ، وَيَقْرَأُ : وَكَانَ أَمَامَهُمْ مَلِكٌ يَأْخُذُ كُلَّ سَفِينَةٍ صَالِحَةٍ غَصْبًا .
Hazrat Saeed bin Jubair narrates: I said to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them): Nauf Bakkali says: Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) is not the same Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) who met Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him); (the Sayyiduna Musa who met Sayyiduna Khidr) was another Musa. So Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) said: The enemy of Allah has lied. Sayyiduna Ubayy bin Ka’b narrated this hadith to us: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Once Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) was standing among the Children of Israel delivering a sermon. He was asked: Who is the most knowledgeable person? Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) replied: I am. So Allah Almighty reproached him for not attributing this knowledge to Allah. Allah Almighty said: At the junction of the two seas, there is a servant of Mine who is more knowledgeable than you. Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: O my Lord, how can I meet him? Allah Almighty said: Take a fish and put it in a vessel. The place where you lose the fish, that servant will be there.
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) took a fish and put it in a vessel. He entrusted the vessel to his companion. Both of them set out until they reached a rock. There, Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) fell asleep. The fish moved in the vessel, came out of it, and went into the river. Allah Almighty stopped the flow of water for it, and it became like an arch. Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) and his young companion were amazed. Both of them continued on their way. The next day, Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) felt tired, so he said: Bring our food. We have become tired from this journey. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: They did not feel tired until they had passed the place about which Allah Almighty had commanded them. His companion said to him: Did you see? When we took refuge at the rock, I forgot the fish, and Satan made me forget to mention it. Upon this, Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: That is what we were seeking. Then both of them retraced their steps, following their footprints, until they reached that rock. There, a man was lying covered with a sheet. Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) greeted him with salam. The man said: Where does salam come from in this place? Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: I am Musa. He asked: Musa from the Children of Israel? Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) replied: Yes. He said: O Musa! I have a knowledge from Allah which Allah has given me, and you do not know it, and you have a knowledge from Allah which Allah has given you, and I do not know it. Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: I want to stay with you so that you may teach me something of the guidance you have been taught. The man said: You will not be able to have patience with me, and how can you have patience with something you do not know? Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: If Allah wills, you will find me patient, and I will not disobey you in any matter. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) said: If you want to follow me, then do not ask me about anything until I myself mention it to you.
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Then both of them set out along the riverbank. A boat passed by, and the people recognized Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) and took them on board without any payment. Shortly after, Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) broke a plank of the boat. Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said to him: What have you done? They took you on board without any payment, and you broke their boat’s plank so that the boat people would drown? You have done a wrong thing. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) said: Did I not say that you would not be able to have patience with me? Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: Do not call me to account for what I forgot, and do not make my affair difficult for me. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: This was the first (violation) from Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him), which was due to forgetfulness. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Meanwhile, a bird came and sat on the edge of the boat. It dipped its beak into the water. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) said to Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him): My knowledge and your knowledge, compared to the knowledge of Allah Almighty, is not even as much as the water this bird has reduced from the sea with its beak.
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: They passed by some boys who were playing. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) killed one of the boys with his hand. Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said to him: You have killed a pure soul without (the soul of) another. You have done a reprehensible thing. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) said: Did I not say to you that you would not be able to have patience with me? Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: If I ask you about anything after this, then do not keep me with you. You have received an excuse from me.
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Both of them came to a town and asked its people for food, but they refused to host them. They found a wall in the town that was about to collapse. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) supported it with his hand and set it straight. Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said to him: We asked these people for food, and they refused to feed us. We asked them for hospitality, and they refused to host us, yet you repaired their wall. If you wished, you could have taken payment from them for it. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) said: This is the parting between me and you. I will inform you of the reality of those things over which you could not have patience. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: We wished that Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) had been patient so that more details of their story would have been revealed to us.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) used to recite: “As for the boy, he was a disbeliever and his parents were believers.” And he used to recite: “And ahead of them was a king who seized every good boat by force.”
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) took a fish and put it in a vessel. He entrusted the vessel to his companion. Both of them set out until they reached a rock. There, Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) fell asleep. The fish moved in the vessel, came out of it, and went into the river. Allah Almighty stopped the flow of water for it, and it became like an arch. Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) and his young companion were amazed. Both of them continued on their way. The next day, Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) felt tired, so he said: Bring our food. We have become tired from this journey. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: They did not feel tired until they had passed the place about which Allah Almighty had commanded them. His companion said to him: Did you see? When we took refuge at the rock, I forgot the fish, and Satan made me forget to mention it. Upon this, Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: That is what we were seeking. Then both of them retraced their steps, following their footprints, until they reached that rock. There, a man was lying covered with a sheet. Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) greeted him with salam. The man said: Where does salam come from in this place? Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: I am Musa. He asked: Musa from the Children of Israel? Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) replied: Yes. He said: O Musa! I have a knowledge from Allah which Allah has given me, and you do not know it, and you have a knowledge from Allah which Allah has given you, and I do not know it. Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: I want to stay with you so that you may teach me something of the guidance you have been taught. The man said: You will not be able to have patience with me, and how can you have patience with something you do not know? Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: If Allah wills, you will find me patient, and I will not disobey you in any matter. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) said: If you want to follow me, then do not ask me about anything until I myself mention it to you.
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Then both of them set out along the riverbank. A boat passed by, and the people recognized Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) and took them on board without any payment. Shortly after, Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) broke a plank of the boat. Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said to him: What have you done? They took you on board without any payment, and you broke their boat’s plank so that the boat people would drown? You have done a wrong thing. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) said: Did I not say that you would not be able to have patience with me? Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: Do not call me to account for what I forgot, and do not make my affair difficult for me. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: This was the first (violation) from Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him), which was due to forgetfulness. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Meanwhile, a bird came and sat on the edge of the boat. It dipped its beak into the water. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) said to Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him): My knowledge and your knowledge, compared to the knowledge of Allah Almighty, is not even as much as the water this bird has reduced from the sea with its beak.
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: They passed by some boys who were playing. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) killed one of the boys with his hand. Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said to him: You have killed a pure soul without (the soul of) another. You have done a reprehensible thing. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) said: Did I not say to you that you would not be able to have patience with me? Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: If I ask you about anything after this, then do not keep me with you. You have received an excuse from me.
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Both of them came to a town and asked its people for food, but they refused to host them. They found a wall in the town that was about to collapse. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) supported it with his hand and set it straight. Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said to him: We asked these people for food, and they refused to feed us. We asked them for hospitality, and they refused to host us, yet you repaired their wall. If you wished, you could have taken payment from them for it. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) said: This is the parting between me and you. I will inform you of the reality of those things over which you could not have patience. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: We wished that Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) had been patient so that more details of their story would have been revealed to us.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) used to recite: “As for the boy, he was a disbeliever and his parents were believers.” And he used to recite: “And ahead of them was a king who seized every good boat by force.”
