صحیح ابن حبان
Ibn Hibban
كتاب الأطعمةBook of Foods
باب الضيافة - ذكر الخبر المفسر للألفاظ المجملة التي تقدم ذكرنا لها-
Hospitality – Report explaining ambiguous terms mentioned earlier
Hadith 5306
أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْمُثَنَّى ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصُ بْنُ غِيَاثٍ ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِذَا دُعِيَ أَحَدُكُمْ ، فَلْيُجِبْ ، فَإِنْ كَانَ صَائِمًا ، فَلْيُصَلِّ ، وَإِنْ كَانَ مُفْطِرًا ، فَلْيَطْعَمْ " ، قَالَ أَبُو حَاتِمٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ : قَوْلُهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " فَإِنْ كَانَ صَائِمًا فَلْيُصَلِّ " ، يُرِيدُ بِهِ : فَلْيَدْعُ ؛ لأَنَّ الصَّلاةَ دُعَاءٌ ، قَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَعَلا لِصَفِيِّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : خُذْ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ صَدَقَةً تُطَهِّرُهُمْ وَتُزَكِّيهِمْ بِهَا وَصَلِّ عَلَيْهِمْ إِنَّ صَلاتَكَ سَكَنٌ لَهُمْ سورة التوبة آية 103 ْ أَرَادَ بِهِ : وَادْعُ لَهُمْ " ، فَأَمَّا الْمُجْمَلُ مِنَ الأَخْبَارِ ، فَهُوَ الْخَبَرُ الَّذِي يَرْوِيهِ صَحَابِيٌّ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِلَفْظَةٍ مُسْتَقِلَّةٍ ، يَتَهَيَّأُ اسْتِعْمَالُهَا عَلَى عُمُومِ الْخِطَابِ ، وَالْمُفَسِّرُ : هُوَ رِوَايَةُ صَحَابِيٍّ آخَرَ ذَلِكَ الْخَبَرَ بِعَيْنِهِ ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، بِزِيَادَةِ بَيَانٍ لَيْسَ فِي خَبَرِ ذَلِكَ الصَّحَابِيِّ الأَوَّلِ ، ذَلِكَ الْبَيَانُ حَتَّى لا يَتَهَيَّأَ اسْتِعْمَالُ تِلْكَ اللَّفْظَةِ الْمُجْمَلَةِ الَّتِي هِيَ مُسْتَقِلَّةٌ بِنَفْسِهَا ، إِلا بِاسْتِعْمَالِ هَذِهِ الزِّيَادَةِ الَّتِي هِيَ الْبَيَانُ لِتِلْكَ اللَّفْظَةِ الَّتِي لَيْسَتْ فِي خَبَرِ ذَلِكَ الصَّحَابِيِّ ، وَقَدْ ذَكَرْنَا كُلَّ خَبَرٍ مُجْمَلٍ وَمُفَسِّرٍ لَهُ فِي السُّنَنِ فِي كِتَابِ : فُصُولِ السُّنَنِ ، فَأَغْنَى ذَلِكَ عَنِ الاسْتِقْصَاءِ فِي هَذَا النَّوْعِ مِنْ هَذَا الْكِتَابِ ؛ لأَنَّ فِيمَا أَوْمَأْنَا إِلَيْهِ مِنْهُ غُنْيَةً لِمَنْ وَفَّقَهُ اللَّهُ وَتَدَبَّرَهُ .
Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When a person is invited (to a meal), he should accept it, and if he is fasting, he should pray for mercy (for the host), and if he is not fasting, he should eat the food."
(Imam Ibn Hibban, may Allah have mercy on him, says:) The statement of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him): "If he is fasting, he should pray for mercy," means that he should make supplication, because 'as-salat' means supplication. Allah Almighty said to His beloved: "Take charity from their wealth to purify them and cleanse them with it, and pray for mercy for them. Indeed, your prayer is a source of tranquility for them." So, what is meant here is that you should supplicate for them. As for the concise narration, it is the narration that a companion has transmitted from the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) as an independent wording in which the words of the narration are general. However, the explanatory narration is the one that another companion has transmitted from the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) with the same words along with an additional statement, which is not present in the narration transmitted by the first companion, to the extent that acting upon the narration with concise words is not possible until the narration with the additional words, which clarifies those words not present in the companion's narration, is acted upon. We have transmitted both the concise and detailed narrations in the book "Fusul Sunan" in the Sunan. Therefore, there is no need to collect all such narrations in this book, because we have pointed out what will suffice for the one whom Allah grants success and who reflects.
(Imam Ibn Hibban, may Allah have mercy on him, says:) The statement of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him): "If he is fasting, he should pray for mercy," means that he should make supplication, because 'as-salat' means supplication. Allah Almighty said to His beloved: "Take charity from their wealth to purify them and cleanse them with it, and pray for mercy for them. Indeed, your prayer is a source of tranquility for them." So, what is meant here is that you should supplicate for them. As for the concise narration, it is the narration that a companion has transmitted from the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) as an independent wording in which the words of the narration are general. However, the explanatory narration is the one that another companion has transmitted from the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) with the same words along with an additional statement, which is not present in the narration transmitted by the first companion, to the extent that acting upon the narration with concise words is not possible until the narration with the additional words, which clarifies those words not present in the companion's narration, is acted upon. We have transmitted both the concise and detailed narrations in the book "Fusul Sunan" in the Sunan. Therefore, there is no need to collect all such narrations in this book, because we have pointed out what will suffice for the one whom Allah grants success and who reflects.
