صحیح ابن حبان
Ibn Hibban
كتاب السيرBook of Expeditions
باب الموادعة والمهادنة - ذكر ما يستحب للإمام استعمال المهادنة بينه وبين أعداء الله إذا رأى بالمسلمين ضعفا يعجزون عنهم-
Chapter on Truce and Peace Treaties – On the recommendation for the leader to use truces if Muslims are too weak to fight.
Hadith 4872
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ قُتَيْبَةَ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ بْنِ أَبِي السَّرِيِّ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنِ الْمِسْوَرِ بْنِ مَخْرَمَةَ ، وَمَرْوَانِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ ، يصدق كل واحد منهما حديثه حديث صاحبه ، قَالا : خَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ زَمَنَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ فِي بِضْعَ عَشْرَةَ مِائَةً مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانُوا بِذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ قَلَّدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَشْعَرَ ، ثُمَّ أَحْرَمَ بِالْعُمْرَةِ وَبَعَثَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ عَيْنًا لَهُ رَجُلا مِنْ خُزَاعَةَ يَجِيئُهُ بِخَبَرِ قُرَيْشٍ ، وَسَارَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ بِغَدِيرِ الأَشْطَاطِ قَرِيبًا مِنْ عُسْفَانَ ، أَتَاهُ عَيْنُهُ الْخُزَاعِيُّ ، فَقَالَ : إِنِّي تَرَكْتُ كَعْبَ بْنَ لُؤَيٍّ ، وَعَامِرَ بْنَ لُؤَيٍّ قَدْ جَمَعُوا لَكَ الأَحَابِيشَ ، وَجَمَعُوا لَكَ جُمُوعًا كَثِيرَةً وَهُمْ مُقَاتِلُوكَ وَصَادُّوكَ عَنِ الْبَيْتِ الْحَرَامِ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَشِيرُوا عَلَيَّ ، أَتَرَوْنَ أَنْ نَمِيلَ إِلَى ذَرَارِيِّ هَؤُلاءِ الَّذِينَ أَعَانُوهُمْ فَنُصِيبَهُمْ ، فَإِنْ قَعَدُوا ، قَعَدُوا مَوْتُورِينَ مَحْزُونِينَ ، وَإِنْ نَجَوْا يَكُونُوا عُنُقًا قَطَعَهَا اللَّهُ ، أَمْ تَرَوْنَ أَنْ نَؤُمَّ الْبَيْتَ ، فَمَنْ صَدَّنَا عَنْهُ قَاتَلْنَاهُ ؟ " ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ : اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ، إِنَّمَا جِئْنَا مُعْتَمِرِينَ وَلَمْ نَجِئْ لِقِتَالِ أَحَدٍ ، وَلَكِنْ مَنْ حَالَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ الْبَيْتِ قَاتَلْنَاهُ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : فَرُوحُوا إِذَا ، قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ فِي حَدِيثِهِ ، وَكَانَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ ، يَقُولُ : مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَدًا أَكْثَرَ مُشَاوَرَةً لأَصْحَابِهِ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ . قَالَ قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ فِي حَدِيثِهِ ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنِ الْمِسْوَرِ ، وَمَرْوَانَ في حديثهما فراحوا حتى إذا كانوا ببعض الطريق ، قال النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِنَّ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ بِالْغَمِيمِ فِي خَيْلٍ لِقُرَيْشٍ طَلِيعَةً ، فَخُذُوا ذَاتَ الْيَمِينِ ، فَوَاللَّهِ مَا شَعَرَ بِهِمْ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ حَتَّى إِذَا هُوَ بِقَتَرَةِ الْجَيْشِ ، فَأَقْبَلَ يَرْكُضُ نَذِيرًا لِقُرَيْشٍ ، وَسَارَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ بِالثَّنِيَّةِ الَّتِي يَهْبِطُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْهَا ، فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَيْهَا بَرَكَتْ رَاحِلَتُهُ ، فَقَالَ : النَّاسُ حَلَّ حَلَّ فَأَلَحَّتْ ، فَقَالُوا : خَلأَتِ الْقَصْوَاءُ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : مَا خَلأَتِ الْقَصْوَاءُ وَمَا ذَلِكَ لَهَا بِخُلُقٍ ، وَلَكِنْ حَبَسَهَا حَابِسُ الْفِيلِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لا يَسْأَلُونِي خُطَّةً يُعَظِّمُونَ فِيهَا حُرُمَاتِ اللَّهِ إِلا أَعْطَيْتُهُمْ إِيَّاهَا ، ثُمَّ زَجَرَهَا ، فَوَثَبَتْ بِهِ ، قَالَ : فَعَدَلَ عَنْهُمْ حَتَّى نَزَلَ بِأَقْصَى الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ عَلَى ثَمَدٍ قَلِيلِ الْمَاءِ ، إِنَّمَا يَتَبَرَّضُهُ النَّاسُ تَبَرُّضًا فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ بِالنَّاسِ أَنْ نَزَحُوهُ ، فَشُكِيَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْعَطَشُ ، فَانْتَزَعَ سَهْمًا مِنْ كِنَانَتِهِ ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَجْعَلُوهُ فِيهِ ، قَالَ : فَمَا زَالَ يَجِيشُ لَهُمْ بِالرِّيِّ حَتَّى صَدَرُوا عَنْهُ ، فَبَيْنَمَا هُمْ كَذَلِكَ إِذْ جَاءَهُ بُدَيْلُ بْنُ وَرْقَاءَ الْخُزَاعِيُّ فِي نَفَرٍ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ مِنْ خُزَاعَةَ ، وَكَانَتْ عَيْبَةَ نُصْحِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ أَهْلِ تِهَامَةَ ، فَقَالَ : إِنِّي تَرَكْتُ كَعْبَ بْنَ لُؤَيٍّ ، وَعَامِرَ بْنَ لُؤَيٍّ نَزَلُوا أَعْدَادَ مِيَاهِ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ مَعَهُمُ الْعُوذُ الْمَطَافِيلُ وَهُمْ مُقَاتِلُوكَ وَصَادُّوكَ عَنِ الْبَيْتِ الْحَرَامِ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : إِنَّا لَمْ نَجِئْ لِقِتَالِ أَحَدٍ ، وَلَكِنَّا جِئْنَا مُعْتَمِرِينَ ، فَإِنَّ قُرَيْشًا قَدْ نَهِكَتْهُمُ الْحَرْبُ ، وَأَضَرَّتْ بِهِمْ ، فَإِنْ شَاءُوا مَادَدْتُهُمْ مُدَّةً ، وَيَخْلُوا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ النَّاسِ ، فَإِنْ ظَهَرْنَا وَشَاءُوا أَنْ يَدْخُلُوا فِيمَا دَخَلَ فِيهِ النَّاسُ ، فَعَلُوا وَقَدْ جَمُّوا وَإِنْ هُمْ أَبَوْا ، فَوَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لأُقَاتِلَنَّهُمْ عَلَى أَمْرِي هَذَا حَتَّى تَنْفَرِدَ سَالِفَتِي أَوْ لَيُبْدِيَنَّ اللَّهُ أَمْرَهُ ، قَالَ بُدَيْلُ بْنُ وَرْقَاءَ : سَأُبَلِّغُهُمْ مَا تَقُولُ ، فَانْطَلَقَ حَتَّى أَتَى قُرَيْشًا ، فَقَالَ : إِنَّا قَدْ جِئْنَاكُمْ مِنْ عِنْدِ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ ، وَسَمِعْنَاهُ يَقُولُ قَوْلا ، فَإِنْ شِئْتُمْ أَنْ نَعْرِضَهُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَعَلْنَا ، فَقَالَ : سُفَهَاؤُهُمْ لا حَاجَةَ لَنَا فِي أَنْ تُخْبِرُونَا عَنْهُ بِشَيْءٍ ، وَقَالَ ذُو الرَّأْيِ : هَاتِ مَا سَمِعْتَهُ يَقُولُ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ كَذَا وَكَذَا ، فَأَخْبَرْتُهُمْ بِمَا قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَامَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ أَبُو مَسْعُودٍ ، عُرْوَةُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ الثَّقَفِيُّ ، فَقَالَ : يَا قَوْمُ أَلَسْتُمْ بِالْوَلَدِ ؟ قَالُوا : بَلَى ، قَالَ : أَلَسْتُ بِالْوَالِدِ ؟ قَالُوا : بَلَى ، قَالَ : فَهَلْ تَتَّهِمُونِي ؟ قَالُوا : لا ، قَالَ : أَلَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنِّي اسْتَنْفَرْتُ أَهْلَ عُكَاظٍ ، فَلَمَّا بَلَّحُوا عَلَيَّ جِئْتُكُمْ بِأَهْلِي وَوَلَدِي ، وَمَنْ أَطَاعَنِي ؟ قَالُوا : بَلَى ، قَالَ : فَإِنَّ هَذَا امْرُؤٌ عَرَضَ عَلَيْكُمْ خُطَّةَ رُشْدٍ ، فَاقْبَلُوهَا وَدَعُونِي آتِهِ ، قَالُوا : ائْتِهِ ، فَأَتَاهُ ، قَالَ : فَجَعَلَ يُكَلِّمُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : نَحْوًا مِنْ قَوْلِهِ لِبُدَيْلِ بْنِ وَرْقَاءَ ، فَقَالَ عُرْوَةُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ : ذَلِكَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ ، أَرَأَيْتَ إِنِ اسْتَأْصَلْتَ قَوْمَكَ ، هَلْ سَمِعْتَ أَحَدًا مِنَ الْعَرَبِ اجْتَاحَ أَصْلَهُ قَبْلَكَ وَإِنْ تَكُنِ الأُخْرَى ، فَوَاللَّهِ إِنِّي أَرَى وُجُوهًا وَأَرَى أَشْوَابًا مِنَ النَّاسِ خُلَقَاءَ أَنْ يَفِرُّوا وَيَدَعُوكَ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ : امْصُصْ بِبَظْرِ اللاتِ ، أَنَحْنُ نَفِرُّ وَنَدَعُهُ ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو مَسْعُودٍ : مَنْ هَذَا ؟ قَالُوا : أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ ، فَقَالَ : أَمَا وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَوْلا يَدٌ كَانَتْ لَكَ عِنْدِي لَمْ أَجْزِكَ بِهَا لأَجَبْتُكَ ، وَجَعَلَ يُكَلِّمُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَكُلَّمَا كَلَّمَهُ أَخَذَ بِلِحْيَتِهِ ، وَالْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ الثَّقَفِيُّ قَائِمٌ عَلَى رَأْسِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَعَلَيْهِ السَّيْفُ وَالْمِغْفَرُ ، فَكُلَّمَا أَهْوَى عُرْوَةُ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى لِحْيَةِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ضَرَبَ يَدَهُ بِنَعْلِ السَّيْفِ ، وَقَالَ : أَخِّرْ يَدَكَ عَنْ لِحْيَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَرَفَعَ عُرْوَةُ رَأْسَهُ ، وَقَالَ : مَنْ هَذَا ؟ ، فَقَالُوا : الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ الثَّقَفِيُّ ، فَقَالَ : أَيْ غُدَرُ ، أَوَلَسْتُ أَسْعَى فِي غَدْرَتِكَ ، وَكَانَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ صَحِبَ قَوْمًا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ ، فَقَتَلَهُمْ ، وَأَخَذَ أَمْوَالَهُمْ ، ثُمَّ جَاءَ فَأَسْلَمَ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : أَمَّا الإِسْلامُ فَأَقْبَلَ ، وَأَمَّا الْمَالُ فَلَسْتُ مِنْهُ فِي شَيْءٍ ، قَالَ : إِنَّ عُرْوَةَ جَعَلَ يَرْمُقُ صَحَابَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِعَيْنِهِ ، فَوَاللَّهِ مَا يَتَنَخَّمُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نُخَامَةً إِلا وَقَعَتْ فِي كَفِّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ ، فَدَلَكَ بِهَا وَجْهَهُ وَجِلْدَهُ ، وَإِذَا أَمَرَهُمُ انْقَادُوا لأَمْرِهِ ، وَإِذَا تَوَضَّأَ كَادُوا يَقْتَتِلُونَ عَلَى وَضُوئِهِ ، وَإِذَا تَكَلَّمَ خَفَضُوا أَصْوَاتَهُمْ عِنْدَهُ ، وَمَا يُحِدُّونَ إِلَيْهِ النَّظَرَ تَعْظِيمًا لَهُ ، فَرَجَعَ عُرْوَةُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ ، فَقَالَ : أَيْ قَوْمُ ، وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ وَفَدْتُ إِلَى الْمُلُوكِ ، وَوَفَدْتُ إِلَى كِسْرَى وَقَيْصَرَ وَالنَّجَاشِيِّ ، وَاللَّهِ مَا رَأَيْتُ مَلِكًا قَطُّ يُعَظِّمُهُ أَصْحَابُهُ مَا يُعَظِّمُ أَصْحَابُ مُحَمَّدٍ مُحَمَّدًا ، وَوَاللَّهِ إِنْ يَتَنَخَّمْ نُخَامَةً إِلا وَقَعَتْ فِي كَفِّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ ، فَدَلَكَ بِهَا وَجْهَهُ وَجِلْدَهُ ، وَإِذَا أَمَرَهُمُ ابْتَدَرُوا أَمْرَهُ ، وَإِذَا تَوَضَّأَ اقْتَتَلُوا عَلَى وَضُوئِهِ ، وَإِذْ تَكَلَّمَ خَفَضُوا أَصْوَاتَهُمْ عِنْدَهُ ، وَمَا يُحِدُّونَ إِلَيْهِ النَّظَرَ تَعْظِيمًا لَهُ ، وَإِنَّهُ قَدْ عَرَضَ عَلَيْكُمْ خُطَّةَ رُشْدٍ فَقَبَلَوهَا ، فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي كِنَانَةَ : دَعُونِي آتِهِ ، فَلَمَّا أَشْرَفَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : هَذَا فُلانٌ ، مِنْ قَوْمٍ يُعَظِّمُونَ الْبُدْنَ ، فَابْعَثُوهَا لَهُ ، قَالَ : فَبُعِثَتْ ، وَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ الْقَوْمُ يُلَبُّونَ ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ ، قَالَ : سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ ، لا يَنْبَغِي لِهَؤُلاءِ أَنْ يُصَدُّوا عَنِ الْبَيْتِ ، فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ ، قَالَ : رَأَيْتُ الْبُدْنَ قَدْ قُلِّدَتْ وَأُشْعِرَتْ ، فَمَا أَرَى أَنْ يُصَدُّوا عَنِ الْبَيْتِ ، فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ يُقَالُ لَهُ مِكْرَزٌ ، فَقَالَ : دَعُونِي آتِهِ ، فَقَالُوا : ائْتِهِ ، فَلَمَّا أَشْرَفَ عَلَيْهِمْ ، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : هَذَا مِكْرَزٌ ، وَهُوَ رَجُلٌ فَاجِرٌ ، فَجَعَلَ يُكَلِّمُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَبَيْنَمَا هُوَ يُكَلِّمُهُ ، إِذْ جَاءَهُ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو ، قَالَ مَعْمَرٌ : فَأَخْبَرَنِي أَيُّوبُ السَّخْتِيَانِيُّ ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ ، قَالَ : فَلَمَّا جَاءَ سُهَيْلٌ ، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : هَذَا سُهَيْلٌ ، قَدْ سَهَّلَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ أَمْرَكُمْ ، قَالَ مَعْمَرٌ فِي حَدِيثِهِ ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنِ الْمِسْوَرِ ، وَمَرْوَانَ : فَلَمَّا جَاءَ سُهَيْلٌ ، قَالَ : هَاتِ اكْتُبْ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ كِتَابًا ، فَدَعَا الْكَاتِبُ ، فَقَالَ : اكْتُبْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ ، فَقَالَ سُهَيْلٌ : أَمَّا الرَّحْمَنُ ، فَلا أَدْرِي وَاللَّهِ مَا هُوَ ، وَلَكِنِ اكْتُبْ بِاسْمِكَ اللَّهُمَّ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : اكْتُبْ هَذَا مَا قَاضَى عَلَيْهِ مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ، فَقَالَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو : لَوْ كُنَّا نَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ مَا صَدَدْنَاكَ عَنِ الْبَيْتِ ، وَلا قَاتَلْنَاكَ ، وَلَكِنِ اكْتُبْ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : وَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَإِنْ كَذَّبْتُمُونِي اكْتُبْ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ : وَذَلِكَ لِقَوْلِهِ : لا يَسْأَلُونِي خُطَّةً يُعَظِّمُونَ فِيهَا حُرُمَاتِ اللَّهِ ، إِلا أَعْطَيْتُهُمْ إِيَّاهَا ، وَقَالَ فِي حَدِيثِهِ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنِ الْمِسْوَرِ ، وَمَرْوَانَ : فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : عَلَى أَنْ تُخَلُّوا بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ الْبَيْتِ فَنَطُوفُ بِهِ ، فَقَالَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو : إِنَّهُ لا يَتَحَدَّثُ الْعَرَبُ أَنَّا أَخَذْنَا ضَغْطَةً وَلَكِنْ لَكَ مِنَ الْعَامِ الْمُقْبِلِ فَكَتَبَ ، فَقَالَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو : عَلَى أَنَّهُ لا يَأْتِيكَ مِنَّا رَجُلٌ وَإِنْ كَانَ عَلَى دِينِكَ ، أَوْ يُرِيدُ دِينَكَ إِلا رَدَدْتَهُ إِلَيْنَا ، فَقَالَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ : سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ ، كَيْفَ يُرَدُّ إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَقَدْ جَاءَ مُسْلِمًا ، فَبَيْنَمَا هُمْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ ، إِذْ جَاءَ أَبُو جَنْدَلِ بْنُ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو يَرْسُفُ فِي قُيُودِهِ قَدْ خَرَجَ مِنْ أَسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ حَتَّى رَمَى بِنَفْسِهِ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ، فَقَالَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو : يَا مُحَمَّدُ ، هَذَا أَوَّلُ مَنْ نُقَايِضُكَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ تَرُدَّهُ إِلَيَّ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : إِنَّا لَمْ نُمْضِ الْكِتَابَ بَعْدُ ، فَقَالَ : وَاللَّهِ لا أُصَالِحُكَ عَلَى شَيْءٍ أَبَدًا ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : فَأَجِزْهُ لِي ، فَقَالَ : مَا أَنَا بِمُجِيزِهِ لَكَ ، قَالَ : فَافْعَلْ ، قَالَ : مَا أَنَا بِفَاعِلٍ ، قَالَ مِكْرَزٌ : بَلْ قَدْ أَجَزْنَاهُ لَكَ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو جَنْدَلِ بْنُ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو : يَا مَعْشَرُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ، أُرَدُّ إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَقَدْ جِئْتُ مُسْلِمًا ، أَلا تَرَوْنَ إِلَى مَا لَقِيتُ وَكَانَ قَدْ عُذِّبَ عَذَابًا شَدِيدًا فِي اللَّهِ ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ : وَاللَّهِ مَا شَكَكْتُ مُنْذُ أَسْلَمْتُ إِلا يَوْمَئِذٍ ، فَأَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقُلْتُ : أَلَسْتَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ حَقًّا ؟ قَالَ : بَلَى ، قُلْتُ : أَلَسْنَا عَلَى الْحَقِّ ، وَعَدُوُّنَا عَلَى الْبَاطِلِ ؟ قَالَ : بَلَى ، قُلْتُ : فَلِمَ نُعْطِي الدَّنِيَّةَ فِي دِينِنَا ، إِذَا قَالَ : إِنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ، وَلَسْتُ أَعْصِي رَبِّي وَهُوَ نَاصِرِيٌّ ، قُلْتُ : أَوَ لَيْسَ كُنْتَ تُحَدِّثُنَا أَنَّا سَنَأْتِي الْبَيْتَ فَنَطُوفُ بِهِ ؟ قَالَ : بَلَى ، فَخَبَّرْتُكَ أَنَّكَ تَأْتِيَهِ الْعَامَ ، قَالَ : لا ، قَالَ : فَإِنَّكَ تَأْتِيَهِ فَتَطُوفُ بِهِ ، قَالَ : فَأَتَيْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ ، أَلَيْسَ هَذَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ حَقًّا ؟ قَالَ : بَلَى ، قُلْتُ : أَوَلَسْنَا عَلَى الْحَقِّ ، وَعَدُوُّنَا عَلَى الْبَاطِلِ ؟ قَالَ : بَلَى ، قُلْتُ : فَلِمَ نُعْطِي الدَّنِيَّةَ فِي دِينِنَا ، إِذَا قَالَ : أَيُّهَا الرَّجُلُ ، إِنَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ، وَلَيْسَ يَعْصِي رَبَّهُ وَهُوَ نَاصِرُهُ ، فَاسْتَمْسَكَ بِغَرْزِهِ حَتَّى تَمُوتَ ، فَوَاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ عَلَى حَقٍّ ، قُلْتُ : أَوَلَيْسَ كَانَ يُحَدِّثُنَا أَنَّا سَنَأْتِي الْبَيْتَ ، وَنَطُوفُ بِهِ ؟ قَالَ : بَلَى ، قَالَ : فَأَخْبَرَكَ أَنَّا نَأْتِيهِ الْعَامَ ، قُلْتُ : لا ، قَالَ : فَإِنَّكَ آتِيَهِ وَتَطُوفُ بِهِ ، قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ : فَعَمِلْتُ فِي ذَلِكَ أَعْمَالا ، يَعْنِي فِي نَقْضِ الصَّحِيفَةِ ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَصْحَابَهُ ، فَقَالَ : انْحَرُوا الْهَدْيَ ، وَاحْلِقُوا ، قَالَ : فَوَاللَّهِ مَا قَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ رَجَاءَ أَنْ يُحْدِثَ اللَّهُ أَمْرًا ، فَلَمَّا لَمْ يَقُمْ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ ، قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ ، فَقَالَ : مَا لَقِيتُ مِنَ النَّاسِ ، قَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ : أَوَ تُحِبُّ ذَاكَ اخْرُجْ وَلا تُكَلِّمَنَّ أَحَدًا مِنْهُمْ كَلِمَةً حَتَّى تَنْحَرَ بُدْنَكَ وَتَدْعُو حَالِقَكَ ، فَقَامَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَخَرَجَ وَلَمْ يُكَلِّمْ أَحَدًا مِنْهُمْ حَتَّى نَحَرَ بُدْنَهُ ، ثُمَّ دَعَا حَالِقَهُ ، فَحَلَقَهُ ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ النَّاسُ جَعَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ يُحَلِّقُ بَعْضًا حَتَّى كَادَ بَعْضُهُمْ يَقْتُلُ بَعْضًا ، قَالَ : جَاءَ نِسْوَةٌ مُؤْمِنَاتٌ ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا جَاءَكُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ مُهَاجِرَاتٍ سورة الممتحنة آية 10 إِلَى آخِرِ الآيَةِ ، قَالَ : فَطَلَّقَ عُمَرُ رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ امْرَأَتَيْنِ كَانَتْ لَهُ فِي الشِّرْكِ ، فَتَزَوَّجَ إِحْدَاهُمَا مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ ، وَالأُخْرَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ ، قَالَ : ثُمَّ رَجَعَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ ، فَجَاءَهُ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَهُوَ مُسْلِمٌ ، فَأَرْسَلُوا فِي طَلَبِهِ رَجُلَيْنِ ، وَقَالُوا : الْعَهْدُ الَّذِي جَعَلْتَ لَنَا ، فَدَفَعَهُ إِلَى الرَّجُلَيْنِ ، فَخَرَجَا حَتَّى بَلَغَا بِهِ ذَا الْحُلَيْفَةِ ، فَنَزَلُوا يَأْكُلُونَ مِنْ تَمْرٍ لَهُمْ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ لأَحَدِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ : وَاللَّهِ لأَرَى سَيْفَكَ هَذَا يَا فُلانُ جَيِّدًا ، فَقَالَ أَجَلْ : وَاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَجَيِّدٌ لَقَدْ جَرَّبْتُ بِهِ ، ثُمَّ جَرَّبْتُ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ : أَرِنِي أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ ، فَأَمْكَنَهُ مِنْهُ ، فَضَرَبَهُ حَتَّى بَرَدَ ، وَفَرَّ الآخَرُ حَتَّى أَتَى الْمَدِينَةَ ، فَدَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ يَعْدُو ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : لَقَدْ رَأَى هَذَا ذُعْرًا ، فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : قَتَلَ وَاللَّهِ صَاحِبِي ، وَإِنِّي لَمَقْتُولٌ ، فَجَاءَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ ، فَقَالَ : يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ، قَدْ وَاللَّهِ أَوْفَى اللَّهُ ذِمَّتَكَ ، قَدْ رَدَدْتَنِي إِلَيْهِمْ ، ثُمَّ أَنْجَانِي اللَّهُ مِنْهُمْ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : وَيْلُ أُمِّهِ لَوْ كَانَ مَعَهُ أَحَدٌ ، فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ بِذَلِكَ عَرَفَ أَنَّهُ سَيَرُدُّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى ، فَخَرَجَ حَتَّى أَتَى سَيْفَ الْبَحْرِ ، قَالَ : وَتَفَلَّتَ مِنْهُمْ أَبُو جَنْدَلِ بْنُ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ، فَلَحِقَ بِأَبِي بَصِيرٍ ، فَجَعَلَ لا يَخْرُجُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ رَجُلٌ أَسْلَمَ إِلا لَحِقَ بِأَبِي بَصِيرٍ حَتَّى اجْتَمَعَتْ مِنْهُمْ عِصَابَةٌ ، قَالَ : فَوَاللَّهِ مَا يَسْمَعُونَ بِعِيرٍ خَرَجَتْ لِقُرَيْشٍ إِلَى الشَّامِ إِلا اعْتَرَضُوا لَهَا ، فَقَتَلُوهُمْ ، وَأَخَذُوا أَمْوَالَهُمْ ، فَأَرْسَلَتْ قُرَيْشٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تُنَاشِدُهُ اللَّهَ وَالرَّحِمَ لَمَا أَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ مِمَّنْ أَتَاهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ ، فَأَرْسَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَيْهِمْ ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَعَلا وَهُوَ الَّذِي كَفَّ أَيْدِيَهُمْ عَنْكُمْ وَأَيْدِيَكُمْ عَنْهُمْ بِبَطْنِ مَكَّةَ سورة الفتح آية 24 حَتَّى بَلَغَ حَمِيَّةَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ سورة الفتح آية 26 ، وَكَانَتْ حَمِيَّتُهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يُقِرُّوا أَنَّهُ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ ، وَلَمْ يُقِرُّوا بِبِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ " .
Urwah bin Zubair narrated from Sayyiduna Miswar bin Makhramah (may Allah be pleased with him) and Marwan bin Hakam: Each of their narrations confirms the narration of the other. Both of them state: On the occasion of Hudaybiyyah, the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) set out with more than a thousand of his companions, until they reached Dhul-Hulayfah. There, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) put garlands on his sacrificial animals and marked them. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) began reciting the Talbiyah for ‘Umrah. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent ahead a man from the tribe of Khuza‘ah as a scout to bring information about the Quraysh to him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) continued traveling until he reached near Usfan, at the well of Ashtat. The Khuza‘i scout came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and reported: “I left Ka‘b bin Lu’ayy and ‘Amir bin Lu’ayy in a state where they have gathered equipment against you, and they have assembled many people to fight you. They are ready to fight you and will not let you reach the Sacred House (Ka‘bah).” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to the companions: “Advise me, what do you think? Should we turn towards their women and children, who are their supporters, and attack them? If they come in our way, Allah will cut them off. Or do you think we should proceed towards the Sacred House, and whoever tries to stop us, we will fight him?” Sayyiduna Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “O Messenger of Allah! Allah and His Messenger know best. We have come to perform ‘Umrah, not to fight anyone. However, whoever stands between us and the Sacred House, we will fight him.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Then proceed.”
Az-Zuhri narrated in his narration these words: Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “I have not seen anyone consult his companions more than the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).” Az-Zuhri, in his narration from ‘Urwah, from Sayyiduna Miswar bin Makhramah (may Allah be pleased with him) and Marwan bin Hakam, mentioned: They set out until, on the way, at a certain place, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “At the place of Ghamim, Khalid bin Walid is present with some horsemen of Quraysh (to confront us), so go from the right side.” By Allah, Khalid bin Walid did not even realize about them. When they appeared, he quickly went to inform the Quraysh. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) continued until he reached the pass from where one descends. Upon reaching there, the Prophet’s (peace and blessings be upon him) she-camel sat down. People said: “Get up, get up,” but it remained seated. People said: “Qaswa’ has stopped here.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Qaswa’ has not stopped; it is not her habit. But the One who stopped the elephants has stopped her.” Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “By the One in Whose hand is my soul, whatever demand they make of me in which they uphold the sanctity of Allah’s sacred things, I will accept it.” Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) urged the she-camel, and it stood up. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) moved aside from the road and camped at the far edge of Hudaybiyyah, where there was a small well. People began to draw a little water from it, then the water ran out. The people complained of thirst to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took an arrow from his quiver and instructed that it be placed in the well. The narrator states: After that, until the people left, they continued to drink from it and were satisfied.
While they were there, Budayl bin Waraqa’ al-Khuza‘i came with some people from his tribe, Khuza‘ah. Among the people of Tihamah, he was the most well-wishing towards the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He said: “I left Ka‘b bin Lu’ayy and ‘Amir bin Lu’ayy camped at several wells of Hudaybiyyah. They have milch camels with them. They are ready to fight you and to prevent you from reaching the Sacred House.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “We have not come to fight anyone. We have come to perform ‘Umrah. Indeed, war has weakened and harmed Quraysh. If they wish, I will grant them a respite for a specified period. Let them leave me and the people. If we prevail, then if they wish, they may enter the religion that people are entering. If they do not accept this, then by the One in Whose hand is my soul, I will fight them concerning this religion until I am martyred or Allah grants victory to His religion.” Budayl bin Waraqa’ said: “I will convey your words to them.” Then he left and went to the Quraysh and said: “I have come to you from this man. I heard him say something. If you wish, I will present it to you.” The foolish among the Quraysh said: “We have no need for this. Tell us whatever you know about them.” But the wise among them said: “Tell us what you heard him say.” So he told them what the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had said.
At that time, Abu Mas‘ud ‘Urwah bin Mas‘ud ath-Thaqafi stood up and said: “O people! Am I not like your children?” They replied: “Yes.” He asked: “Am I not like a father to you?” They replied: “Yes.” He asked: “Do you accuse me of anything?” They replied: “No.” He said: “Do you not know that I called those who participated in ‘Ukaz to fight, and when they did not accept, I came to you with my wife, children, and followers?” They replied: “Yes.” He said: “This man has made you a reasonable offer. Accept it and let me go to him.” They said: “Go to him.” He came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and began to talk with him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) told him the same thing he had told Budayl bin Waraqa’. ‘Urwah bin Mas‘ud said: “That is fine, O Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), but what do you think? Will you destroy your people to the root? Have you heard of any Arab before you who destroyed his people completely? And if the other case happens (i.e., there is a battle), by Allah, I have seen those who have come with you. I see that they are people of different tribes. In case of battle, they will flee and leave you.” At this, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “Suck the private parts of al-Lat (an idol)! Will we flee and leave the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)?” Abu Mas‘ud asked: “Who is this?” When he was told, “This is the son of Abu Quhafah, Abu Bakr,” Abu Mas‘ud said: “By the One in Whose hand is my soul, if you had not done me a favor for which I could not repay you, I would have answered you.” Then he continued talking with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Whenever he spoke to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he would touch his beard, and al-Mughirah bin Shu‘bah ath-Thaqafi was standing by the Prophet’s (peace and blessings be upon him) head with a sword and helmet. Whenever ‘Urwah reached out to the Prophet’s (peace and blessings be upon him) beard, al-Mughirah struck his hand with the hilt of his sword and said: “Keep your hand away from the Prophet’s (peace and blessings be upon him) beard.” ‘Urwah raised his head and asked: “Who is this?” They said: “Al-Mughirah bin Shu‘bah ath-Thaqafi.” ‘Urwah said: “O traitor! Did I not try to make amends for your treachery (i.e., pay its compensation)?” (The narrator states) Sayyiduna al-Mughirah bin Shu‘bah (may Allah be pleased with him) was with some people in the time of ignorance. He killed those people and took their wealth. Then he came and accepted Islam. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: “As for Islam, I accept it, but as for the wealth, there is nothing for you in it.” The narrator states: Then ‘Urwah began to observe the companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with the corner of his eye. By Allah, whenever the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) spat, it would fall into the palm of one of them, and he would rub it on his face and skin. Whenever the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded them, they would hasten to fulfill it. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed ablution, they would compete to get the leftover water. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) spoke, they would lower their voices before him, and out of respect, they would not look at him directly. When ‘Urwah bin Mas‘ud returned to his companions, he said: “O my people! By Allah, I have visited kings. I have been to Caesar, Chosroes, and the Negus. By Allah, I have never seen a king whose companions honor him as much as the companions of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) honor him. By Allah, if he spits, it falls into the palm of one of them, and he rubs it on his face and body. When he commands them, they hasten to fulfill it. When he performs ablution, they compete for the leftover water. When he speaks, they lower their voices before him, and out of respect, they do not look at him directly. He has made you a reasonable offer; accept it.”
Then a man from Banu Kinana stood up and said: “Let me go to them.” When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saw him from afar, he said: “This is so-and-so, from a people who honor sacrificial animals. So, stand the sacrificial animals before him.” The narrator states: The sacrificial animals were made to stand, and the people came before him reciting the Talbiyah. When he saw this, he said: “Glory be to Allah! Such people should not be prevented from the Sacred House.” When he returned to his companions, he said: “I saw sacrificial animals with garlands and marks. In my opinion, they should not be prevented from the Sacred House.” Then one of them stood up, named Mikraz. He said: “Let me go to them.” They said: “Go to them.” When he came before them, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “This is Mikraz, a wicked man.” He began to talk with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). While he was talking, Suhayl bin ‘Amr arrived. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “This is Suhayl. Now Allah will make your matter easy.”
Mu‘ammar narrated from Miswar and Marwan in his narration: When Suhayl came, he said: “Let us write an agreement between us.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called the scribe and said: “Write: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.” Suhayl said: “As for ‘the Most Gracious,’ by Allah, I do not know what that means. Rather, write: ‘In Your name, O Allah.’” Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Write: This is what Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), agrees upon.” Suhayl bin ‘Amr said: “If we knew you were the Messenger of Allah, we would not have prevented you from the Sacred House nor fought you. Rather, write: Muhammad bin ‘Abdullah.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “By Allah, I am the Messenger of Allah, even if you deny me. Write: Muhammad bin ‘Abdullah.” Az-Zuhri says: The reason for the Prophet’s (peace and blessings be upon him) statement was that he had said: “Whatever demand they make of me in which they uphold the sanctity of Allah’s sacred things, I will accept it.” The narrator states: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “(This agreement) will be on the condition that you allow us to reach the Sacred House and perform Tawaf.” Suhayl bin ‘Amr said: “We are under pressure. You will come next year.” So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had this written. Suhayl bin ‘Amr said: “On the condition that whoever comes to you from us, even if he is a follower of your religion or wants to accept your religion, you will return him to us.” The Muslims said: “Glory be to Allah! How can someone who wants to become Muslim be returned to the polytheists?” At that moment, Abu Jandal bin Suhayl bin ‘Amr came dragging his chains. He had come out from the lower part of Makkah. He fell among the Muslims. Suhayl bin ‘Amr said: “O Muhammad, this is the first condition on which we have agreed with you. Return him to us.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The agreement has not yet started.” Suhayl bin ‘Amr said: “By Allah, I will never make any agreement with you on anything.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Let him stay for my sake.” He said: “I will not let him stay for your sake.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Do so.” He said: “I will not do so.” At this, Mikraz said: “We leave him for you.” Abu Jandal bin Suhayl bin ‘Amr said: “O group of Muslims, will I be returned to the polytheists when I have come as a Muslim? Do you not see my condition?” (The narrator says:) This man was severely tortured in the way of Allah. Sayyiduna ‘Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “By Allah, since I became Muslim, I never complained except on that day. I went to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: ‘Are you not the true Messenger of Allah?’ The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Yes.’ I asked: ‘Are we not upon the truth and our enemy upon falsehood?’ The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Yes.’ I asked: ‘Then why should we be disgraced in our religion?’ The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘I am the Messenger of Allah. I have not disobeyed my Lord, and He is my Helper.’ I said: ‘Did you not tell us that we would come to the Sacred House and perform Tawaf?’ The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Yes. Did I tell you that you would go there this year?’ They replied: ‘No.’ The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Then you will go there and perform Tawaf.’ Sayyiduna ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: ‘Then I went to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: “O Abu Bakr, is he not the true Prophet of Allah?” He replied: “Yes.” I asked: “Are we not upon the truth and our enemy upon falsehood?” He replied: “Yes.” I asked: “Then why should we be disgraced in our religion?” Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “O man, he is the Messenger of Allah. He has not disobeyed his Lord, and his Lord is his Helper. Hold firmly to his stirrup until you die. By Allah, he is upon the truth.” I asked: “Did he not tell us that we would soon come to the Sacred House and perform Tawaf?” Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) replied: “Yes.” Then Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: “Did he tell you that you would go there this year?” I replied: “No.” So Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “Then you will go there and perform Tawaf.” Sayyiduna ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “I tried hard in this matter, hoping the agreement would be annulled.”
When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) finished writing the agreement, he ordered his companions: “Sacrifice your animals and shave your heads.” The narrator states: By Allah, none of them stood up, hoping that Allah might reveal a new command regarding this. When none of them stood up, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up and went to Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “I have faced such a situation from the people.” Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: “If you wish to do so, go out and do not speak to anyone. Sacrifice your animal and call your barber to shave your head.” (He will shave your head.) So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) went out, did not speak to anyone, sacrificed his animal, and called the barber, who shaved his head. When the people saw this, they began shaving each other’s heads, to the extent that they almost fought among themselves.
The narrator states: Then some believing women came, about whom Allah revealed this verse: “O you who believe! When believing women come to you as emigrants…” until the end of the verse. The narrator states: Sayyiduna ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) had divorced two of his wives during the time of ignorance. One of them married Mu‘awiyah bin Abu Sufyan, and the other married Safwan bin Umayyah. The narrator states: Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) returned to Madinah, and Abu Basir came to him. He was a man from Quraysh who had become Muslim. The Quraysh sent two men to demand him. They said: “There is an agreement between us and you.” So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) handed him over to the two men. They set out with him until they reached Dhul-Hulayfah, where they began eating dates. Sayyiduna Abu Basir (may Allah be pleased with him) said to one of them: “By Allah, O so-and-so, I see your sword is very fine.” He said: “Yes, by Allah, it is very fine. I have tested it many times.” Sayyiduna Abu Basir (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “Let me see it.” He gave him the sword, and Abu Basir struck him with it and killed him. The other man fled to Madinah and entered the mosque. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “This man looks frightened.” When he came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he said: “By Allah, he has killed my companion, and he will kill me too.” Meanwhile, Abu Basir arrived and said: “By Allah, Allah has fulfilled your agreement. You returned me to them, and then Allah saved me from them.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Woe to his mother! If only he had someone with him.” When he heard this, he realized that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would return him to those people again. He left and went to the seashore. The narrator states: Sayyiduna Abu Jandal bin Suhayl bin ‘Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) also escaped from them and joined Abu Basir. Then, whoever from Quraysh accepted Islam would join Abu Basir, until a group gathered with him. They say: “By Allah, whenever they heard of a Quraysh caravan going to Syria, they would attack it, kill its people, and take its goods.” The Quraysh sent a message to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), beseeching him by Allah and requesting mercy, asking him to send word to those people that whoever comes to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) will be safe. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent them a message. Allah revealed the verse: “And He it is Who withheld their hands from you and your hands from them in the valley of Makkah…” until the verse: “the zealotry of ignorance.” Their zealotry was that they would not acknowledge that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was Allah’s Prophet, and they had acknowledged that “In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.”
Az-Zuhri narrated in his narration these words: Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “I have not seen anyone consult his companions more than the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).” Az-Zuhri, in his narration from ‘Urwah, from Sayyiduna Miswar bin Makhramah (may Allah be pleased with him) and Marwan bin Hakam, mentioned: They set out until, on the way, at a certain place, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “At the place of Ghamim, Khalid bin Walid is present with some horsemen of Quraysh (to confront us), so go from the right side.” By Allah, Khalid bin Walid did not even realize about them. When they appeared, he quickly went to inform the Quraysh. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) continued until he reached the pass from where one descends. Upon reaching there, the Prophet’s (peace and blessings be upon him) she-camel sat down. People said: “Get up, get up,” but it remained seated. People said: “Qaswa’ has stopped here.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Qaswa’ has not stopped; it is not her habit. But the One who stopped the elephants has stopped her.” Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “By the One in Whose hand is my soul, whatever demand they make of me in which they uphold the sanctity of Allah’s sacred things, I will accept it.” Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) urged the she-camel, and it stood up. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) moved aside from the road and camped at the far edge of Hudaybiyyah, where there was a small well. People began to draw a little water from it, then the water ran out. The people complained of thirst to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took an arrow from his quiver and instructed that it be placed in the well. The narrator states: After that, until the people left, they continued to drink from it and were satisfied.
While they were there, Budayl bin Waraqa’ al-Khuza‘i came with some people from his tribe, Khuza‘ah. Among the people of Tihamah, he was the most well-wishing towards the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). He said: “I left Ka‘b bin Lu’ayy and ‘Amir bin Lu’ayy camped at several wells of Hudaybiyyah. They have milch camels with them. They are ready to fight you and to prevent you from reaching the Sacred House.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “We have not come to fight anyone. We have come to perform ‘Umrah. Indeed, war has weakened and harmed Quraysh. If they wish, I will grant them a respite for a specified period. Let them leave me and the people. If we prevail, then if they wish, they may enter the religion that people are entering. If they do not accept this, then by the One in Whose hand is my soul, I will fight them concerning this religion until I am martyred or Allah grants victory to His religion.” Budayl bin Waraqa’ said: “I will convey your words to them.” Then he left and went to the Quraysh and said: “I have come to you from this man. I heard him say something. If you wish, I will present it to you.” The foolish among the Quraysh said: “We have no need for this. Tell us whatever you know about them.” But the wise among them said: “Tell us what you heard him say.” So he told them what the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had said.
At that time, Abu Mas‘ud ‘Urwah bin Mas‘ud ath-Thaqafi stood up and said: “O people! Am I not like your children?” They replied: “Yes.” He asked: “Am I not like a father to you?” They replied: “Yes.” He asked: “Do you accuse me of anything?” They replied: “No.” He said: “Do you not know that I called those who participated in ‘Ukaz to fight, and when they did not accept, I came to you with my wife, children, and followers?” They replied: “Yes.” He said: “This man has made you a reasonable offer. Accept it and let me go to him.” They said: “Go to him.” He came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and began to talk with him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) told him the same thing he had told Budayl bin Waraqa’. ‘Urwah bin Mas‘ud said: “That is fine, O Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), but what do you think? Will you destroy your people to the root? Have you heard of any Arab before you who destroyed his people completely? And if the other case happens (i.e., there is a battle), by Allah, I have seen those who have come with you. I see that they are people of different tribes. In case of battle, they will flee and leave you.” At this, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “Suck the private parts of al-Lat (an idol)! Will we flee and leave the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)?” Abu Mas‘ud asked: “Who is this?” When he was told, “This is the son of Abu Quhafah, Abu Bakr,” Abu Mas‘ud said: “By the One in Whose hand is my soul, if you had not done me a favor for which I could not repay you, I would have answered you.” Then he continued talking with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Whenever he spoke to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he would touch his beard, and al-Mughirah bin Shu‘bah ath-Thaqafi was standing by the Prophet’s (peace and blessings be upon him) head with a sword and helmet. Whenever ‘Urwah reached out to the Prophet’s (peace and blessings be upon him) beard, al-Mughirah struck his hand with the hilt of his sword and said: “Keep your hand away from the Prophet’s (peace and blessings be upon him) beard.” ‘Urwah raised his head and asked: “Who is this?” They said: “Al-Mughirah bin Shu‘bah ath-Thaqafi.” ‘Urwah said: “O traitor! Did I not try to make amends for your treachery (i.e., pay its compensation)?” (The narrator states) Sayyiduna al-Mughirah bin Shu‘bah (may Allah be pleased with him) was with some people in the time of ignorance. He killed those people and took their wealth. Then he came and accepted Islam. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: “As for Islam, I accept it, but as for the wealth, there is nothing for you in it.” The narrator states: Then ‘Urwah began to observe the companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with the corner of his eye. By Allah, whenever the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) spat, it would fall into the palm of one of them, and he would rub it on his face and skin. Whenever the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded them, they would hasten to fulfill it. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed ablution, they would compete to get the leftover water. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) spoke, they would lower their voices before him, and out of respect, they would not look at him directly. When ‘Urwah bin Mas‘ud returned to his companions, he said: “O my people! By Allah, I have visited kings. I have been to Caesar, Chosroes, and the Negus. By Allah, I have never seen a king whose companions honor him as much as the companions of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) honor him. By Allah, if he spits, it falls into the palm of one of them, and he rubs it on his face and body. When he commands them, they hasten to fulfill it. When he performs ablution, they compete for the leftover water. When he speaks, they lower their voices before him, and out of respect, they do not look at him directly. He has made you a reasonable offer; accept it.”
Then a man from Banu Kinana stood up and said: “Let me go to them.” When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saw him from afar, he said: “This is so-and-so, from a people who honor sacrificial animals. So, stand the sacrificial animals before him.” The narrator states: The sacrificial animals were made to stand, and the people came before him reciting the Talbiyah. When he saw this, he said: “Glory be to Allah! Such people should not be prevented from the Sacred House.” When he returned to his companions, he said: “I saw sacrificial animals with garlands and marks. In my opinion, they should not be prevented from the Sacred House.” Then one of them stood up, named Mikraz. He said: “Let me go to them.” They said: “Go to them.” When he came before them, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “This is Mikraz, a wicked man.” He began to talk with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). While he was talking, Suhayl bin ‘Amr arrived. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “This is Suhayl. Now Allah will make your matter easy.”
Mu‘ammar narrated from Miswar and Marwan in his narration: When Suhayl came, he said: “Let us write an agreement between us.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called the scribe and said: “Write: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.” Suhayl said: “As for ‘the Most Gracious,’ by Allah, I do not know what that means. Rather, write: ‘In Your name, O Allah.’” Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Write: This is what Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), agrees upon.” Suhayl bin ‘Amr said: “If we knew you were the Messenger of Allah, we would not have prevented you from the Sacred House nor fought you. Rather, write: Muhammad bin ‘Abdullah.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “By Allah, I am the Messenger of Allah, even if you deny me. Write: Muhammad bin ‘Abdullah.” Az-Zuhri says: The reason for the Prophet’s (peace and blessings be upon him) statement was that he had said: “Whatever demand they make of me in which they uphold the sanctity of Allah’s sacred things, I will accept it.” The narrator states: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “(This agreement) will be on the condition that you allow us to reach the Sacred House and perform Tawaf.” Suhayl bin ‘Amr said: “We are under pressure. You will come next year.” So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had this written. Suhayl bin ‘Amr said: “On the condition that whoever comes to you from us, even if he is a follower of your religion or wants to accept your religion, you will return him to us.” The Muslims said: “Glory be to Allah! How can someone who wants to become Muslim be returned to the polytheists?” At that moment, Abu Jandal bin Suhayl bin ‘Amr came dragging his chains. He had come out from the lower part of Makkah. He fell among the Muslims. Suhayl bin ‘Amr said: “O Muhammad, this is the first condition on which we have agreed with you. Return him to us.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The agreement has not yet started.” Suhayl bin ‘Amr said: “By Allah, I will never make any agreement with you on anything.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Let him stay for my sake.” He said: “I will not let him stay for your sake.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Do so.” He said: “I will not do so.” At this, Mikraz said: “We leave him for you.” Abu Jandal bin Suhayl bin ‘Amr said: “O group of Muslims, will I be returned to the polytheists when I have come as a Muslim? Do you not see my condition?” (The narrator says:) This man was severely tortured in the way of Allah. Sayyiduna ‘Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “By Allah, since I became Muslim, I never complained except on that day. I went to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: ‘Are you not the true Messenger of Allah?’ The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Yes.’ I asked: ‘Are we not upon the truth and our enemy upon falsehood?’ The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Yes.’ I asked: ‘Then why should we be disgraced in our religion?’ The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘I am the Messenger of Allah. I have not disobeyed my Lord, and He is my Helper.’ I said: ‘Did you not tell us that we would come to the Sacred House and perform Tawaf?’ The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Yes. Did I tell you that you would go there this year?’ They replied: ‘No.’ The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘Then you will go there and perform Tawaf.’ Sayyiduna ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: ‘Then I went to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: “O Abu Bakr, is he not the true Prophet of Allah?” He replied: “Yes.” I asked: “Are we not upon the truth and our enemy upon falsehood?” He replied: “Yes.” I asked: “Then why should we be disgraced in our religion?” Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “O man, he is the Messenger of Allah. He has not disobeyed his Lord, and his Lord is his Helper. Hold firmly to his stirrup until you die. By Allah, he is upon the truth.” I asked: “Did he not tell us that we would soon come to the Sacred House and perform Tawaf?” Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) replied: “Yes.” Then Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: “Did he tell you that you would go there this year?” I replied: “No.” So Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “Then you will go there and perform Tawaf.” Sayyiduna ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “I tried hard in this matter, hoping the agreement would be annulled.”
When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) finished writing the agreement, he ordered his companions: “Sacrifice your animals and shave your heads.” The narrator states: By Allah, none of them stood up, hoping that Allah might reveal a new command regarding this. When none of them stood up, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up and went to Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “I have faced such a situation from the people.” Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: “If you wish to do so, go out and do not speak to anyone. Sacrifice your animal and call your barber to shave your head.” (He will shave your head.) So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) went out, did not speak to anyone, sacrificed his animal, and called the barber, who shaved his head. When the people saw this, they began shaving each other’s heads, to the extent that they almost fought among themselves.
The narrator states: Then some believing women came, about whom Allah revealed this verse: “O you who believe! When believing women come to you as emigrants…” until the end of the verse. The narrator states: Sayyiduna ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) had divorced two of his wives during the time of ignorance. One of them married Mu‘awiyah bin Abu Sufyan, and the other married Safwan bin Umayyah. The narrator states: Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) returned to Madinah, and Abu Basir came to him. He was a man from Quraysh who had become Muslim. The Quraysh sent two men to demand him. They said: “There is an agreement between us and you.” So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) handed him over to the two men. They set out with him until they reached Dhul-Hulayfah, where they began eating dates. Sayyiduna Abu Basir (may Allah be pleased with him) said to one of them: “By Allah, O so-and-so, I see your sword is very fine.” He said: “Yes, by Allah, it is very fine. I have tested it many times.” Sayyiduna Abu Basir (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “Let me see it.” He gave him the sword, and Abu Basir struck him with it and killed him. The other man fled to Madinah and entered the mosque. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “This man looks frightened.” When he came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he said: “By Allah, he has killed my companion, and he will kill me too.” Meanwhile, Abu Basir arrived and said: “By Allah, Allah has fulfilled your agreement. You returned me to them, and then Allah saved me from them.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Woe to his mother! If only he had someone with him.” When he heard this, he realized that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would return him to those people again. He left and went to the seashore. The narrator states: Sayyiduna Abu Jandal bin Suhayl bin ‘Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) also escaped from them and joined Abu Basir. Then, whoever from Quraysh accepted Islam would join Abu Basir, until a group gathered with him. They say: “By Allah, whenever they heard of a Quraysh caravan going to Syria, they would attack it, kill its people, and take its goods.” The Quraysh sent a message to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), beseeching him by Allah and requesting mercy, asking him to send word to those people that whoever comes to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) will be safe. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent them a message. Allah revealed the verse: “And He it is Who withheld their hands from you and your hands from them in the valley of Makkah…” until the verse: “the zealotry of ignorance.” Their zealotry was that they would not acknowledge that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was Allah’s Prophet, and they had acknowledged that “In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.”
