صحیح ابن حبان
Ibn Hibban
كتاب السيرBook of Expeditions
باب الغنائم وقسمتها - ذكر البيان بأن سلب القتيل يكون للقاتل سواء كان المقتول منابذا أو موليا-
Chapter on Spoils of War and Their Distribution – Clarifying that the spoils of the slain belong to the killer whether the slain was facing or fleeing.
Hadith 4843
أَخْبَرَنَا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ الْحُبَابِ الْجُمَحِيُّ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي إِيَاسُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الأَكْوَعِ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي ، قَالَ : غَزَوْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هَوَازِنَ ، فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ قُعُودٌ نَتَضَحَّى إِذَا رَجُلٌ عَلَى جَمَلٍ أَحْمَرَ ، فَانْتَزَعَ طَلَقًا مِنْ حَقْوِ الْبَعِيرِ فَقَيَّدَ بِهِ بَعِيرَهُ ، ثُمَّ جَاءَ حَتَّى يَتَغَدَّى ، فَنَظَرَ فِي وجُوهِ الْقَوْمِ ، فَإِذَا ظَهْرُهُمْ فِيهِ رِقَّةٌ وَأَكْثَرُهُمْ مُشَاةٌ ، فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ فِي وجُوهِ الْقَوْمِ خَرَجَ يَعْدُو حَتَّى أَتَى بَعِيرَهُ ، فَقَعَدَ عَلَيْهِ يُرْكِضُهُ وَهُوَ طَلِيعَةٌ لِلْكُفَّارِ ، فَاتَّبَعَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَّا مِنْ أَسْلَمَ عَلَى نَاقَةٍ لَهُ وَرْقَاءَ ، قَالَ إِيَاسٌ : قَالَ أَبِي : فَاتَّبَعْتُهُ أَعْدُو وَاخْتَرَطْتُ سَيْفِي ، فَضَرَبْتُ رَأْسَهُ ، ثُمَّ جِئْتُ بِنَاقَتِهِ أَقُودُهَا عَلَيْهَا سَلَبُهُ ، فَاسْتَقْبَلَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَعَ النَّاسِ ، فَقَالَ : " مَنْ قَتَلَ الرَّجُلَ ؟ " قَالَ : ابْنُ الأَكْوَعِ ، قُلْتُ : أَنَا ، قَالَ : " لَكَ سَلَبُهُ أَجْمَعُ " ، قَالَ أَبُو حَاتِمٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ : " هَذَا النَّوْعُ لَوِ اسْتَقْصَيْنَا فِيهِ لَدَخَلَ فِيهِ أَكْثَرُ السُّنَنِ ، لأَنَّهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يُبَيِّنُ عَنْ مُرَادٍ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلا مِنَ الْكِتَابِ قَوْلا وَفِعْلا ، وَفِيمَا ذَكَرْنَا مِنَ الإِيمَاءِ إِلَيْهِ الْغُنْيَةُ لِمَنْ تَدَبَّرَ الْقَصْدَ فِيهِ .
Sayyiduna Salamah bin Akwa’ (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: We fought a battle against Hawazin along with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). One day, we were sitting and eating lunch when a man arrived, riding a red camel. He pulled the camel’s rein and tied it, then came and sat with us to eat. He observed the people and noticed that they had few mounts and that most of them were on foot. After he had observed the people, he left and went to his camel, mounted it, and spurred it on. He was a spy for the disbelievers. One of our men from the tribe of Aslam mounted his gray she-camel and went after him. The narrator, Iyas, said: My father narrated this incident. I went after him, drew my sword, and struck off his head. Then I brought his she-camel along, which had his equipment on it. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came before me with those people and said: Who killed him? Sayyiduna Ibn Akwa’ (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I replied, “I did!” So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: All his equipment belongs to you. (Imam Ibn Hibban, may Allah have mercy on him, said:) If we investigate all the narrations of this type, most of the Sunan will be included in them, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) explained the ruling stated by Allah Almighty in His Book through his words and actions. And what we have mentioned contains sufficient indication for the one who intends to reflect on this matter.
