صحیح ابن حبان
Ibn Hibban
كتاب السيرBook of Expeditions
باب الغنائم وقسمتها - ذكر البيان بأن السلب للقاتل وإن لم يكن له-
Chapter on Spoils of War and Their Distribution – Clarifying that the spoils belong to the killer even if he has no claim.
Hadith 4842
أَخْبَرَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عُثْمَانَ ، حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ نُفَيْرٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَوْفِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ، " أَنَّ مَدَدِيًّا فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ رَافَقَهُمْ ، وَأَنَّ رُومِيًّا كَانَ يَسْمُو عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَيُغْرِي عَلَيْهِمْ فَتَلَطَّفَ الْمَدَدِيُّ ، فَقَعَدَ تَحْتَ صَخْرَةٍ ، فَلَمَّا مَرَّ بِهِ عَرْقَبَ فَرَسَهُ ، وَخَرَّ الرُّومِيُّ لِقَفَاهُ ، وَعَلاهُ الْمَدَدِيُّ بِالسَّيْفِ فَقَتَلَهُ ، وَأَقْبَلَ بِسَرْجِهِ ، وَلِجَامِهِ ، وَسَيْفِهِ ، وَمِنْطَقَتِهِ ، وَسِلاحِهِ ، فَذَهَبَا بِالذَّهَبِ وَالْجَوْهَرِ إِلَى خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ ، فَأَخَذَ خَالِدٌ مِنْهُ طَائِفَةً وَنَفَّلَهُ بَقِيَّتَهُ ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ : يَا خَالِدُ ، مَا هَذَا ؟ أَمَا تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَفَّلَ السَّلَبَ كُلَّهُ لِلْقَاتِلِ ؟ قَالَ : بَلَى ، وَلَكِنِّي اسْتَكْثَرْتُهُ ، فَقُلْتُ : أَمَا لَعَمْرِ اللَّهِ لأُعَرِّفَنَّهَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمْنَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَخْبَرَتْهُ خَبَرَهُ ، فَدَعَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ إِلَى الْمَدَدِيِّ بَقِيَّةَ سَلَبِهِ ، فَوَلَّى خَالِدٌ لِيَفْعَلَ ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ : فَكَيْفَ رَأَيْتَ يَا خَالِدُ أَلَمْ أَفِ لَكَ بِمَا وَعَدْتُكَ ؟ فَغَضِبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ، وَقَالَ : يَا خَالِدُ ، لا تُعْطِهِ وَأَقْبِلْ عَلَيَّ ، فَقَالَ : " هَلْ أَنْتُمْ تَارِكُوا لِي أُمَرَائِي ؟ لَكُمْ صَفْوَةُ أَمْرِهِمْ ، وَعَلَيْهِمْ كَدَرُهُ " ، قَوْلُهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : يَا خَالِدُ ، لا تُعْطِهِ ، أَرَادَ بِهِ فِي ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتِ ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ فَأَعْطَاهُ " .
Sayyiduna Awf bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: A man from the tribe of Muzaina accompanied him during the Battle of Tabuk. The Romans attacked the Muslims, so this Muzaini man devised a plan and sat under a rock. When a Roman passed by him, he attacked his horse, causing the Roman to fall on his back. The Muzaini man overpowered him with a sword and killed him. Then he took his saddle, bridle, sword, belt, and weapons. Both of them took the gold and jewels to Sayyiduna Khalid bin Walid (may Allah be pleased with him). Sayyiduna Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him) kept some of the items and gave the rest to the Muzaini man as a reward. I said to him: O Sayyiduna Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him), what have you done? Do you not know that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to give all the equipment as a gift to the killer? Sayyiduna Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him) replied: Yes! But I considered it too much (so I did not give it). (Sayyiduna Awf bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) says:) So I said: By Allah! I will surely inform the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about this. When we presented ourselves before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and I informed him of the situation, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called Sayyiduna Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him) and ordered him to give the remaining equipment to the Muzaini man as well. Sayyiduna Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him) turned to go and do so, so I said to him: O Khalid! You see, I have fulfilled the promise I made to you. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) became angry. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: O Khalid, do not give it to him. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) turned to me and said: Can you not overlook the mistakes of my appointed leaders? The benefit of their good deeds will reach you, and the burden of their shortcomings will be upon them. (Imam Ibn Hibban (may Allah have mercy on him) says:) The Prophet’s (peace and blessings be upon him) statement, “O Khalid, do not give it to him,” meant not to give it at that moment. Later, when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered him, Sayyiduna Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him) gave the items to him.
