صحیح ابن حبان
Ibn Hibban
كتاب السير
Book of Expeditions
باب الغنائم وقسمتها - ذكر البيان بأن الغنائم لم تحل لأمة من الأمم خلا هذه الأمة-
Chapter on Spoils of War and Their Distribution – Clarifying that spoils were not made lawful for any nation except this one.
1 hadith
Hadith 4808
أَخْبَرَنَا
عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الأَزْدِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا
إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، أَخْبَرَنَا
عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، أَخْبَرَنَا
مَعْمَرٌ ، عَنْ
هَمَّامِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ ، عَنْ
أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " غَزَا نَبِيٌّ مِنَ الأَنْبِيَاءِ ، فَقَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ : لا يَتْبَعْنِي رَجُلٌ قَدْ نَاكَحَ امْرَأَةً وَهُوَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَبْنِيَ بِهَا ، وَلا رَفَعَ بِنَاءً وَلَمْ يَرْفَعْ سُقُفَهَا ، وَلا اشْتَرَى غَنَمًا وَهُوَ يَنْتَظِرُ وِلادَهَا ، فَغَزَا ، فَدَنَا إِلَى الدَّيْرِ حِينَ صَلَّى الْعَصْرَ ، أَوْ قَرُبَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ ، فَقَالَ لِلشَّمْسِ : إِنَّكِ مَأْمُورَةٌ ، وَأَنَا مَأْمُورٌ ، اللَّهُمَّ احْبِسْهَا عَلَيَّ شَيْئًا ، فَحُبِسَتْ حَتَّى فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ ، فَجَمَعُوا مَا غَنِمُوا ، فَأَقْبَلَتِ النَّارُ لِتَأْكُلَهُ ، فَأَبَتِ النَّارُ أَنْ تَطْعَمَهُ ، فَقَالَ : فِيكُمْ غُلُولٌ فَلْيُبَايِعْنِي مِنْ كُلِّ قَبِيلَةٍ رَجُلٌ ، فَبَايَعَهُ ، فَلَصِقَتْ يَدُ رَجُلٍ بِيَدِهِ ، فَقَالَ : إِنَّ فِيكُمُ الْغُلُولَ فَلْتُبَايِعْنِي قَبِيلَتُكَ ، فَبَايَعَتْهُ قَبِيلَتُهُ ، فَلَصِقَتْ بِيَدِهِ يَدُ رَجُلَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلاثَةٍ ، فَقَالَ : فِيكُمُ الْغُلُولُ ، فَأَخْرَجُوا مِثْلَ رَأْسِ الْبَقَرَةِ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ ، فَوَضَعُوهُ فِي الْمَالِ وَهُوَ بِالصَّعِيدِ ، فَأَقْبَلَتِ النَّارُ ، فَأَكَلَتْهُ ، فَلَمْ تَحِلَّ الْغَنَائِمُ لأَحَدٍ كَانَ قَبْلَنَا ، وَذَلِكَ بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ رَأَى ضَعْفَنَا ، فَطَيَّبَهَا لَنَا " .
Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: A prophet (peace be upon him) was about to go out for battle, so he said to his people: No one should go with me who has married a woman and now wishes to bring her home, or who has built a building but has not yet put a roof on it, or who has bought a goat and is waiting for it to give birth. When the time for Asr came, or close to it, they came near the place of worship and he said to the sun: You are also under command and I am also under command. O Allah! Hold it back for me for a little while (from setting), so it was held back until Allah granted them victory. The spoils of war they obtained were gathered so that fire would come and consume it, but the fire did not consume it. So he said: There has been a breach of trust among you. Let one person from each tribe pledge allegiance to me. So the pledges began, and the hand of one man stuck to his hand. The prophet said: The breach of trust is in your (tribe). Let your tribe pledge allegiance to me. When his tribe pledged allegiance, the hands of two (the narrator is unsure, or perhaps three) individuals stuck to his hand. He said: You have committed the breach of trust. So they brought out a golden head of a cow and placed it among the spoils of war, which was lying in an open field. Then the fire came and consumed it. (The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said) Before us, spoils of war were not made lawful for anyone. The reason is: When Allah saw our weakness, He made it pure (i.e., lawful) for us.