صحیح ابن حبان
Ibn Hibban
كتاب السيرBook of Expeditions
باب الخروج وكيفية الجهاد - ذكر العدد الذي به يباح الفرار من العدو-
Chapter on Setting Out and the Manner of Jihad – On the number at which it is permissible to flee from the enemy.
Hadith 4773
أَخْبَرَنَا بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْمِقْدَامِ الْعِجْلِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ : " افْتَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يُقَاتِلَ الْوَاحِدُ عَشْرَةً ، فَثَقُلَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ ، وَشَقَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ ، فَوَضَعَ ذَلِكَ عَنْهُمْ إِلَى أَنْ يُقَاتِلَ الْوَاحِدُ رَجُلَيْنِ ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِي ذَلِكَ : إِنْ يَكُنْ مِنْكُمْ عِشْرُونَ صَابِرُونَ سورة الأنفال آية 65 إِلَى آخِرِ الآيَةِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : لَوْلا كِتَابٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ سَبَقَ لَمَسَّكُمْ فِيمَا أَخَذْتُمْ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ سورة الأنفال آية 68 ، يَعْنِي غَنَائِمَ بَدْرٍ لَوْلا أَنِّي لا أُعَذِّبُ مَنْ عَصَانِي حَتَّى أَتَقَدَّمَ إِلَيْهِ " .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: Allah Almighty made it obligatory upon the people that one man would face ten. This matter became a great source of distress for them and was very burdensome. Allah Almighty then made it easier for them so that one man would face two, and regarding this Allah Almighty revealed the verse: "If there are twenty steadfast among you..." until the end of the verse. Then Allah Almighty said: "If it had not been for a prior decree from Allah, a great punishment would have seized you for what you have done." (The narrator states) This refers to the spoils of the Battle of Badr, and the meaning is that if I had not already decided that I would not punish the one who disobeys Me, then I would have punished you.
