صحیح ابن حبان
Ibn Hibban
كتاب السيرBook of Expeditions
باب الخروج وكيفية الجهاد - ذكر الزجر عن قتل الحربي إذا خاف حد السيف فقال أسلمت لله-
Chapter on Setting Out and the Manner of Jihad – On the prohibition of killing a combatant who declares submission to God out of fear of the sword.
Hadith 4750
أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَلْمٍ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا الأَوْزَاعِيُّ ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَدِيِّ بْنِ الْخِيَارِ ، عَنِ الْمِقْدَادِ بْنِ الأَسْوَدِ ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، لَقِيتُ رَجُلا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَقَطَعَ يَدِي ، ثُمَّ لاذَ مِنِّي بِشَجَرَةٍ ، فَقَالَ : أَسْلَمْتُ لِلَّهِ ، أَأَقْتُلُهُ ؟ قَالَ : " لا " ، قُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، إِنَّهُ قَطَعَ يَدِي ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " لا تَقْتُلْهُ ، فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ قَتَلْتَهُ كَانَ بِمَنْزِلَتِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَقْتُلَهُ ، وَكُنْتَ بِمَنْزِلَتِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَ كَلِمَتَهُ الَّتِي قَالَ " ، قَالَ أَبُو حَاتِمٍ : مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ : وَكُنْتَ بِمَنْزِلَتِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَ كَلِمَتَهُ الَّتِي قَالَ ، يُرِيدُ بِهِ أَنَّكَ إِنْ قَتَلْتَهُ بَعْدَمَا أَنْهَاكَ عَنْهُ مُسْتَحِلا لَهُ ، كُنْتَ كَذَلِكَ ، وَلَهُ مَعْنًى آخَرُ ، وَهُوَ أَنَّكَ إِنْ قَتَلْتَهُ كُنْتَ بِمَنْزِلَتِهِ يُرِيدُ أَنَّكَ تُقْتَلُ قَوَدًا بِهِ كَقَتْلِكَ الْمُسْلِمَ .
Sayyiduna Miqdad bin Aswad (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I said, "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)! If I encounter a polytheist and he cuts off my hand, then he hides behind a tree to protect himself from me and says, 'I have accepted Islam for the sake of Allah,' should I kill him?" The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, "No." I said, "O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)! He had cut off my hand." The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, "Do not kill him, because if you kill him, he will take your place, the place you were in before you killed him, and you will take his place, the place he was in before he uttered that word." (Imam Ibn Hibban, may Allah have mercy on him, says:) The statement of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), "You will take his place, the place he was in before he uttered that word," means: When I have forbidden you from this, and after that, if you kill him and consider it lawful, then you will become like him. And there is another meaning of this hadith, which is: If you kill him, you will take his place, meaning you will be killed in retribution (qisas), just as if you kill a Muslim, you are killed in retribution.
