صحیح ابن حبان
Ibn Hibban
كتاب الطلاقBook of Divorce
باب اللعان - ذكر السبب الذي من أجله أنزل الله آية اللعان-
Chapter on Li‘an – The reason for the revelation of the verse on mutual cursing
Hadith 4281
أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الأَزْدِيُّ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا إِِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِِبْرَاهِيمَ ، قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنَا جَرِيرٌ بن عبد الحميد ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ إِِبْرَاهِيمَ ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ : كُنَّا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي مَسْجِدِ الْمَدِينَةِ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ ، فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ : أَرَأَيْتُمْ لَوْ وَجَدَ رَجُلٌ مَعَ امْرَأَتِهِ رَجُلا ، فَإِِنْ قَتَلَهُ قَتَلْتُمُوهُ ، وَإِِنْ سَكَتَ عَلَى غَيْظٍ ، فَوَاللَّهِ لأَسْأَلَنَّ عَنْهُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ غَدَا عَلَيْهِ ، فَسَأَلَهُ ، فَقَالَ : " لَوْ وَجَدَ رَجُلٌ مَعَ امْرَأَتِهِ رَجُلا ، فَإِِنْ قَتَلَهُ قَتَلْتُمُوهُ ، وَإِِنْ تَكَلَّمَ جَلَدْتُمُوهُ ، وَإِِنْ سَكَتَ عَلَى غَيْظٍ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : اللَّهُمَّ افْتَحْ " ، فَنَزَلَتْ : وَالَّذِينَ يَرْمُونَ أَزْوَاجَهُمْ ، سورة النور آية 6 هَؤُلاءِ الآيَاتُ فِي اللِّعَانِ ، فَجَاءَ إِِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَامْرَأَتُهُ فَتَلاعَنَا ، فَشَهِدَ الرَّجُلُ أَرْبَعَ مَرَّاتٍ بِاللَّهِ إِِنَّهُ لِمَنِ الصَّادِقِينَ ، وَالْخَامِسَةُ أَنَّ لَعْنَةَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ إِِنْ كَانَ مِنَ الْكَاذِبِينَ . فَلَمَّا أَخَذَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ لِتَلْتَعِنَ ، قَالَ لَهَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَهْ " . فَالْتَعَنَتْ ، فَلَمَّا أَدْبَرَتْ ، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " فَلَعَلَّهَا أَنْ تَجِيءَ بِهِ أَسْوَدَ جَعْدًا " ، فَجَاءَتْ بِهِ أَسْوَدَ جَعْدًا . قَالَ إِِسْحَاقُ : قَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ مَعِينٍ : قُلْتُ لِجَرِيرٍ : لَمْ يَرْوِ هَذَا عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ أَحَدٌ غَيْرُكَ . قَالَ : لَكِنِّي سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْهُ .
Sayyiduna Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: One night we were present in the mosque of Madinah with the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). A man said: What is your opinion if a person finds another man with his wife, and if he kills that other man, will you people kill him (in retaliation)? And if he remains silent, he will remain silent in a state of anger (or he will remain silent over a matter on which anger is justified). By Allah! I will definitely ask the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) about this. The next day, he came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and asked about this matter: He said: If a person finds another man with his wife and kills him, you people will kill him (in retaliation). If he accuses (without proof), you people will flog him. And if he remains silent, he remains silent over a matter on which anger is justified. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) (or that man) prayed: O Allah! Grant relief. Then this verse was revealed: "And those who accuse their wives..." These verses are about li'an (mutual cursing). Then that man and his wife came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). Both of them performed li'an. The man swore by Allah four times, testifying that he was truthful, and the fifth time he said: May the curse of Allah be upon him if he is lying. Then the woman wanted to perform li'an, so the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said to her: Wait. But the woman performed li'an. When she left, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Perhaps this woman will give birth to a child with dark skin and curly hair. (The narrator says) Then that woman gave birth to a child with dark skin and curly hair. Ishaq, the narrator, says: Yahya bin Ma'in narrated this. I said to Jarir: No one except you has narrated this from A'mash. So Jarir said: I have heard this narration from him.
Hadith 4282
أَخْبَرَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ سِنَانَ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ ، عَنْ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ أَبِي صَالِحٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، أَنَّ سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ ، قَالَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أَرَأَيْتَ " إِِنْ وَجَدْتُ مَعَ امْرَأَتِي رَجُلا ، أُمْهِلُهُ حَتَّى آتِيَ بِأَرْبَعَةِ شُهَدَاءَ ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : نَعَمْ " .
Sayyiduna Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Sayyiduna Sa’d bin Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) submitted to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), “O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! What is your opinion, if I find another man with my wife, should I give that man respite so that I may first bring four witnesses?” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Yes.”
Hadith 4283
أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْمُثَنَّى ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا فُلَيْحٌ ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ ، أَنَّ رَجُلا أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أَرَأَيْتَ رَجُلا رَأَى مَعَ امْرَأَتِهِ رَجُلا يَقْتُلُهُ فَتَقْتُلُونَهُ ، أَمْ كَيْفَ يَفْعَلُ بِهِ ؟ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَعَلا مَا ذِكْرُ فِي الْقُرْآنِ مِنَ الْمُتَلاعِنِينَ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " قَدْ قُضِيَ فِيكَ ، وَفِي امْرَأَتِكَ " . قَالَ : فَتَلاعَنَا وَأَنَا شَاهِدٌ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ . فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، إِِنْ أَمْسِكُهَا فَقَدْ كَذَبْتُ عَلَيْهَا فَفَارَقَهَا ، فَكَانَتْ سُنَّةٌ بَعْدُ أَنْ يُفَرَّقَ بَيْنَ الْمُتَلاعِنِينَ ، فَكَانَتْ حَامِلا فَأَنْكَرَ حَمْلَهَا ، وَكَانَ ابْنُهَا يُدْعَى إِِلَيْهَا ، ثُمَّ جَرَتِ السُّنَّةُ فِي الْمِيرَاثِ أَنْ يَرِثَهَا وَتَرِثُ مِنْهُ مَا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ لَهَا .
Sayyiduna Sahl bin Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: A man came to the service of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), what is your opinion about a person who finds another man with his wife and kills him? Will you people (in retaliation) kill him? What should such a person do? (The narrator says) Then Allah Almighty mentioned in the Qur’an that which pertains to those who perform li’an (mutual cursing). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said to that man: The decision has been made between you and your wife. The narrator says: So both of them performed li’an. I was present with the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) at that time. That man said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)! If even now I keep this woman with me, it would mean that I have falsely accused her. So that man separated from the woman. (The narrator says) After that, this method became established that separation is made between those who perform li’an. The woman was pregnant, and the man had denied the pregnancy of the woman, so the child of that woman was attributed to his mother. After that, this method continued in inheritance as well, that the child would become the heir of the woman, and the woman would become the heir of the child, according to the share that Allah Almighty had prescribed for her.
