Ibn Hibban

Sayyidah Aisha Siddiqa (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: I heard the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) say this: "No person should stand for prayer in such a state that his food has arrived, or when he is restraining himself from the two filthy things, stool or urine."

Qasim bin Muhammad narrates: There was some displeasure between Sayyida Aisha Siddiqa (may Allah be pleased with her) and one of her nephews. That nephew came to Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her); when he sat down, food was brought. He got up and started to go towards the mosque, so Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said to him: O incompetent one, sit down. I heard the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "No person should perform prayer when food is present, nor should he perform prayer when he is restraining himself from the two filthy things, i.e., urine and feces." (Imam Ibn Hibban, may Allah have mercy on him, says:) (A person has been prohibited from performing prayer when he feels the need to urinate or defecate. The hidden reason for this prohibition is that if a person needs to do either of these, he will not be able to perform the prayer properly. And the evidence for this is that the wording of the narration explicitly states that a person should not be trying to restrain the two filthy things. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not say that he should not be feeling the two filthy things. And here, by combining the two filthy things, it is meant that the presence of both together or either one of them. It does not mean that this ruling applies only when both are present together, and not when only one is present. The narrator named Abu Jazrah is Yaqub bin Mujahid.