صحیح ابن حبان
Ibn Hibban
كتاب الطهارةBook of Purification
باب نواقض الوضوء - ذكر خبر ثالث يوهم من لم يطلب العلم من مظانه أنه مضاد للخبرين اللذين تقدم ذكرنا لهما
Chapter on the Nullifiers of Ablution - A third report that may mislead those unfamiliar with hadith science into thinking it contradicts the previous two
Hadith 1106
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو خَلِيفَةَ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي النَّضْرِ مَوْلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ ، عَنِ الْمِقْدَادِ بْنِ الأَسْوَدِ ، أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَسْأَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، عَنِ الرَّجُلِ إِذَا دَنَا مِنْ أَهْلِهِ فَخَرَجَ مِنْهُ الْمَذْيُ مَاذَا عَلَيْهِ ؟ فَإِنْ عِنْدِي ابْنَتَهُ وَأَنَا أَسْتَحْيِي أَنْ أَسْأَلَهُ ، قَالَ الْمِقْدَادُ : فَسَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ ، فَقَالَ : " إِذَا وَجَدَ أَحَدُكُمْ ذَلِكَ ، فَلْيَنْضَحْ فَرْجَهُ ، وَلْيَتَوَضَّأْ وُضُوءَهُ لِلصَّلاةِ " . قَالَ أَبُو حَاتِمٍ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ : قَدْ يَتَوَهَّمُ بَعْضُ الْمُسْتَمِعِينَ لِهَذِهِ الأَخْبَارِ مِمَّنْ لَمْ يَطْلُبِ الْعِلْمَ مِنْ مَظَانِّهِ ، وَلا دَارَ فِي الْحَقِيقَةِ عَلَى أَطْرَافِهِ ، أَنْ بَيْنَهَا تَضَادًّا أَوْ تَهَاتُرًا ، لأَنَّ فِي خَبَرِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيِّ : سَأَلْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ . وَفِي خَبَرِ إِيَاسِ بْنِ خَلِيفَةَ ، أَنَّهُ أَمَرَ عَمَّارًا أَنْ يَسْأَلَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ . وَفِي خَبَرِ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ ، أَنَّهُ أَمَرَ الْمِقْدَادَ أَنْ يَسْأَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ . وَلَيْسَ بَيْنَهَا تَهَاتُرٌ ، لأَنَّهُ يُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ أَمَرَ عَمَّارًا أَنْ يَسْأَلَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَسَأَلَهُ ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَ الْمِقْدَادَ أَنْ يَسْأَلَهُ ، فَسَأَلَهُ ، ثُمَّ سَأَلَ بِنَفْسِهِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَالدَّلِيلُ عَلَى صِحَّةِ مَا ذَكَرْتُ أَنْ مَتْنَ كُلِّ خَبَرٍ يُخَالِفُ مَتْنَ الْخَبَرِ الآخَرِ ، لأَنَّ فِي خَبَرِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ : كُنْتُ رَجُلا مَذَّاءً ، فَسَأَلْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : " إِذَا رَأَيْتَ الْمَاءَ ، فَاغْتَسِلْ " . وَفِي خَبَرِ إِيَاسِ بْنِ خَلِيفَةَ : أَنَّهُ أَمَرَ عَمَّارًا أَنْ يَسْأَلَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : " يَغْسِلُ مَذَاكِيرَهُ وَيَتَوَضَّأُ " ، وَلَيْسَ فِيهِ ذِكْرُ الْمَنِيِّ الَّذِي فِي خَبَرِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ . وَخَبَرُ الْمِقْدَادِ بْنِ الأَسْوَدِ سُؤَالٌ مُسْتَأْنَفٌ ، فَيَسْأَلُ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِالسُّؤَالَيْنِ الأَوَّلَيْنِ اللَّذَيْنِ ذَكَرْنَاهُمَا ، لأَنَّ فِي خَبَرِ الْمِقْدَادِ : أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَسْأَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ إِذَا دَنَا مِنْ أَهْلِهِ فَخَرَجَ مِنْهُ الْمَذْيُ مَاذَا عَلَيْهِ ؟ فَإِنْ عِنْدِي ابْنَتَهُ . فَذَلِكَ مَا وَصَفْنَا ، عَلَى أَنَّ هَذِهِ أَسْئِلَةٌ مُتَبَايِنَةٌ ، فِي مَوَاضِعَ مُخْتَلِفَةٍ ، لِعِلَلٍ مَوْجُودَةٍ ، مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَكُونَ بَيْنَهَا تَضَادُّ أَوْ تَهَاتُرٌ .
Sayyiduna Miqdad bin Aswad (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) instructed him to ask the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) about a man who approaches his wife and pre-seminal fluid (madhi) is discharged from him. What is obligatory upon such a person? (Sayyiduna Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, clarified) that the daughter of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) is my wife, so I feel shy to ask the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) myself. Sayyiduna Miqdad (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I asked the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) about this, and he said: When a person faces such a situation, he should sprinkle water over his private part and perform ablution as he does for prayer.
(Imam Ibn Hibban, may Allah have mercy on him, says:) Some of those who hear these narrations, who have not acquired the knowledge of hadith from its original sources and have not examined the reality within its own context, fall into the misunderstanding that there is contradiction and difference among these narrations. Because in the narration transmitted by Abu Abdur Rahman Salmi, it is stated: I asked the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), whereas in the narration transmitted by Iyas bin Khalifah, it is stated that he instructed Sayyiduna Ammar (may Allah be pleased with him) to ask the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and in the narration transmitted by Sulaiman bin Yasar, it is stated that he instructed Sayyiduna Miqdad (may Allah be pleased with him) to ask the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). However, there is no contradiction among these narrations, because it is possible that first Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) instructed Sayyiduna Ammar to ask the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and he asked the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). Then he instructed Sayyiduna Miqdad (may Allah be pleased with him) to ask the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), so he also asked the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). Then Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) himself asked the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). The evidence for the correctness of what I have mentioned is that the text of each narration is different from the text of the other narration. Because in the narration transmitted by Abu Abdur Rahman Salmi, the words are: "I was a person from whom madhi would be discharged in abundance. Then I asked the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: When you see water, then perform ghusl." In the narration of Iyas bin Khalifah, the words are: "Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) instructed Sayyiduna Ammar to ask the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: That person should wash his private part and perform ablution." In this narration, there is no mention of semen (mani), which is mentioned in the narration transmitted by Abu Abdur Rahman, whereas in the narration transmitted by Sayyiduna Miqdad bin Aswad (may Allah be pleased with him), it is mentioned that he asked first, so these are not the first two questions that we have already mentioned. In the narration of Sayyiduna Miqdad (may Allah be pleased with him), it is stated that Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) instructed him to ask the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) about a man who approaches his wife and semen (mani) is discharged from him, so what is obligatory upon such a person, because the daughter of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) is my wife. (Therefore, I cannot ask you directly.) So what we have mentioned indicates that these are different questions that were asked on different occasions, each with its own specific reason. There is no contradiction or difference among them.
(Imam Ibn Hibban, may Allah have mercy on him, says:) Some of those who hear these narrations, who have not acquired the knowledge of hadith from its original sources and have not examined the reality within its own context, fall into the misunderstanding that there is contradiction and difference among these narrations. Because in the narration transmitted by Abu Abdur Rahman Salmi, it is stated: I asked the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), whereas in the narration transmitted by Iyas bin Khalifah, it is stated that he instructed Sayyiduna Ammar (may Allah be pleased with him) to ask the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and in the narration transmitted by Sulaiman bin Yasar, it is stated that he instructed Sayyiduna Miqdad (may Allah be pleased with him) to ask the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). However, there is no contradiction among these narrations, because it is possible that first Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) instructed Sayyiduna Ammar to ask the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and he asked the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). Then he instructed Sayyiduna Miqdad (may Allah be pleased with him) to ask the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), so he also asked the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). Then Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) himself asked the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). The evidence for the correctness of what I have mentioned is that the text of each narration is different from the text of the other narration. Because in the narration transmitted by Abu Abdur Rahman Salmi, the words are: "I was a person from whom madhi would be discharged in abundance. Then I asked the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: When you see water, then perform ghusl." In the narration of Iyas bin Khalifah, the words are: "Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) instructed Sayyiduna Ammar to ask the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: That person should wash his private part and perform ablution." In this narration, there is no mention of semen (mani), which is mentioned in the narration transmitted by Abu Abdur Rahman, whereas in the narration transmitted by Sayyiduna Miqdad bin Aswad (may Allah be pleased with him), it is mentioned that he asked first, so these are not the first two questions that we have already mentioned. In the narration of Sayyiduna Miqdad (may Allah be pleased with him), it is stated that Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) instructed him to ask the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) about a man who approaches his wife and semen (mani) is discharged from him, so what is obligatory upon such a person, because the daughter of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) is my wife. (Therefore, I cannot ask you directly.) So what we have mentioned indicates that these are different questions that were asked on different occasions, each with its own specific reason. There is no contradiction or difference among them.
