صحیح ابن حبان
Ibn Hibban
كتاب إخباره ﷺ عن مناقب الصحابة رجالهم ونسائهم بذكر أسمائهم رضوان الله عليهم أجمعينBook of the Prophet’s ﷺ Reports on the Virtues of the Companions, Men and Women, by Name
Hadith 6868
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ قُتَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي السَّرِيِّ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، أَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا ، قَالَتْ : لَمْ أَعْقِلْ أَبَوَيَّ قَطُّ إِِلا وَهُمَا يَدِينَانِ الدِّينَ ، وَلَمْ يَمُرَّ عَلَيْنَا يَوْمٌ إِِلا يَأْتِينَا فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ طَرَفَيِ النَّهَارِ بُكْرَةً وَعَشِيًّا ، فَلَمَّا ابْتُلِيَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ ، " خَرَجَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُهَاجِرًا قِبَلَ أَرْضِ الْحَبَشَةِ ، حَتَّى إِِذَا بَلَغَ بَرْكَ الْغِمَادِ لَقِيَهُ ابْنُ الدَّغِنَّةِ ، وَهُوَ سَيِّدُ الْقَارَةِ ، فَقَالَ : أَيْنَ تُرِيدُ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : أَخْرَجَنِي قَوْمِي ، فَأُرِيدُ أَنْ أَسِيحَ فِي الأَرْضِ ، فَأَعْبُدَ رَبِّي ، فَقَالَ ابْنُ الدُّغُنَّةِ : إِِنَّ مِثْلَكَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ لا يَخْرُجُ وَلا يُخْرَجُ ، إِِنَّكَ تُكْسِبُ الْمَعْدُومَ ، وتَصِلُ الرَّحِمَ ، وَتَحْمِلُ الْكَلَّ ، وَتَقْرِي الضَّيْفَ ، وَتُعِينُ عَلَى نَوَائِبِ الْحَقِّ ، وَأَنَا لَكَ جَارٌ ، فَارْجِعْ فَاعْبُدْ رَبَّكَ بِبَلَدِكَ ، فَارْتَحَلَ ابْنُ الدُّغُنَّةِ ، فَرَجَعَ مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ، فَطَافَ ابْنُ الدُّغُنَّةِ فِي كُفَّارِ قُرَيْشٍ ، وَقَالَ : إِِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ لا يُخْرَجُ مِثْلُهُ ، وَتُخْرِجُونَ رَجُلا يُكْسِبُ الْمَعْدُومَ ، وَيَصِلُ الرَّحِمَ ، وَيَحْمِلُ الْكَلَّ ، وَيَقْرِي الضَّيْفَ ، وَيُعِينُ عَلَى نَوَائِبِ الْحَقِّ ، فَأَنْفَذَتْ قُرَيْشٌ جِوَارَ ابْنِ الدَّغِنَةِ ، وَأَمَّنُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، وَقَالَتْ لابْنِ الدَّغِنَةِ : مُرْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ، فَلْيَعْبُدْ رَبَّهُ فِي دَارِهِ مَا شَاءَ ، وَلْيُصَلِّ فِيهَا مَا شَاءَ ، وَلْيَقْرَأْ مَا شَاءَ ، وَلا يُؤْذِينَا ، وَلا يَسْتَعْلِنَ بِالصَّلاةِ وَالْقِرَاءَةِ فِي غَيْرِ دَارِهِ ، فَفَعَلَ ، ثُمَّ بَدَا لأَبِي بَكْرٍ ، فَابْتَنَى مَسْجِدًا بِفِنَاءِ دَارِهِ فَكَانَ يُصَلِّي فِيهِ ، وَتَقِفُ عَلَيْهِ نِسَاءُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَأَبْنَاؤُهُمْ ، وَهُمْ يَعْجَبُونَ مِنْهُ وَيَنْظُرُونَ إِِلَيْهِ ، وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَجُلا بَكَّاءً لا يَمْلِكُ دَمْعَهُ حِينَ يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ ، فَأَفْزَعَ ذَلِكَ أَشْرَافَ قُرَيْشٍ ، فَأَرْسَلُوا إِِلَى ابْنِ الدَّغِنَةِ ، فَقَدِمَ عَلَيْهِمْ ، فَقَالُوا : إِِنَّا قَدْ أَجَرْنَا لَكَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ عَلَى أَنْ يَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ فِي دَارِهِ ، وَإِِنَّهُ جَاوَزَ ذَلِكَ وَابْتَنَى مَسْجِدًا بِفِنَاءِ دَارِهِ ، وَأَعْلَنَ بِالصَّلاةِ وَالْقِرَاءَةِ ، وَإِِنَّا قَدْ خَشِينَا أَنْ يَفْتِنَ نِسَاءَنَا وَأَبْنَاءَنَا ، فَإِِنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَقْتَصِرَ عَلَى أَنْ يَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ فِي دَارِهِ فَعَلَ ، وَإِِنْ أَبَى إِِلا أَنْ يُعْلِنَ ذَلِكَ ، فَسَلْهُ أَنْ يَرُدَّ إِِلَيْكَ ذِمَّتَكَ ، فَإِِنَّا قَدْ كَرِهْنَا أَنْ نُخْفِرَكَ وَلَسْنَا مُقِرِّينَ لأَبِي بَكْرٍ بِالاسْتِعْلانِ ، فَأَتَى ابْنُ الدُّغُنَّةِ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ، فَقَالَ : يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ ، قَدْ عَلِمْتَ الَّذِي عَقَدْتُ لَكَ عَلَيْهِ ، فَإِِمَّا أَنْ تَقْتَصِرَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَإِِمَّا أَنْ تَرُدَّ ذِمَّتِي ، فَإِِنِّي لا أَحَبُّ أَنْ تَسْمَعَ الْعَرَبُ أَنِّي أُخْفِرْتُ فِي عَقْدِ رَجُلٍ عَقَدْتُ لَهُ ، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : فَإِِنِّي أَرُدُّ إِِلَيْكَ جِوَارَكَ وَأَرْضَى بِجِوَارِ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِمَكَّةَ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ : قَدْ أُرِيتُ دَارَ هِجْرَتِكُمْ ، أُرِيتُ سَبِخَةً ذَاتَ نَخْلٍ ، بَيْنَ لابَتَيْنِ وَهُمَا الْحَرَّتَانِ ، فَهَاجَرَ مَنْ هَاجَرَ قِبَلَ الْمَدِينَةِ حِينَ ذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَرَجَعَ إِِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ بَعْضُ مَنْ كَانَ هَاجَرَ إِِلَى أَرْضِ الْحَبَشَةِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ، وَتَجَهَّزَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ مُهَاجِرًا ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : عَلَى رِسْلِكَ ، فَإِِنِّي أَرْجُو أَنْ يُؤْذَنَ لِي ، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : وَتَرْجُو ذَلِكَ ، بِأَبِي أَنْتَ ؟ قَالَ : نَعَمْ ، فَحَبَسَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ نَفْسَهُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِصُحْبَتِهِ ، وَعَلَفَ رَاحِلَتَيْنِ كَانَتَا عِنْدَهُ وَرَقُ السَّمُرِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ ، قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : فَبَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ جُلُوسٌ يَوْمًا فِي بَيْتِنَا فِي نَحْرِ الظَّهِيرَةِ ، إِِذْ قَالَ قَائِلٌ لأَبِي بَكْرٍ : هَذَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُقْبِلٌ مُقَنَّعٌ ، فِي سَاعَةٍ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَأْتِينَا فِيهَا ، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : فِدَاهُ أَبِي وَأُمِّي ، إِِنْ جَاءَ بِهِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّاعَةِ لأَمْرٌ ، قَالَتْ : فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَاسْتَأْذَنَ ، فَدَخَلَ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ دَخَلَ لأَبِي بَكْرٍ : أَخْرِجْ مَنْ عِنْدَكَ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : إِِنَّمَا هُمْ أَهْلُكَ ، بِأَبِي أَنْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : قَدْ أُذِنَ لِي فِي الْخُرُوجِ ، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : فَالصُّحْبَةُ ، بِأَبِي أَنْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : نَعَمْ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : بِأَبِي أَنْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، فَخُذْ إِِحْدَى رَاحِلَتِيَّ هَاتَيْنِ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : بِالثَّمَنِ ، قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : فَجَهَّزْنَاهُمَا أَحَبَّ الْجِهَازِ ، وَوَضَعْنَا لَهُمَا سَفْرَةً فِي جِرَابٍ ، فَقَطَعَتْ أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ مِنْ نِطَاقِهَا وَأَوْكَتْ بِهِ الْجِرَابَ ، فَلِذَلِكَ كَانَتْ تُسَمَّى : ذَاتُ النِّطَاقِ ، وَلَحِقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ فِي غَارٍ فِي جَبَلٍ ، يُقَالُ لَهُ : ثَوْرٌ ، فَمَكَثَا فِيهِ ثَلاثَ لَيَالٍ " .
Lady Aisha Siddiqa (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: Since I gained consciousness, I saw my parents practicing the religion (Islam). Every day, the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) used to visit us in the morning and evening. When the Muslims were put to trial, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) set out with the intention of migrating to the land of Abyssinia. When he reached "Bark Ghamad," he met Ibn Daghina, who was the chief of the Qarah tribe. He asked: O Abu Bakr, where are you going? Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) replied: My people have forced me to leave, so now I intend to travel through the land and worship my Lord. Ibn Daghina said: O Abu Bakr, a person like you cannot leave (his area), nor should he be expelled. You earn for the needy, maintain ties of kinship, bear burdens, host guests, and help in matters of truth. I grant you protection; return and worship your Lord in your city. Then Ibn Daghina set out from there and returned with Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him).
Ibn Daghina went to the disbelievers of Quraysh and said: A person like Abu Bakr cannot be expelled. You are expelling a man who earns for those who have nothing, maintains the rights of kinship, bears burdens, hosts guests, and helps in matters of truth. So the Quraysh accepted the protection given by Ibn Daghina and granted Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) safety. They said to Ibn Daghina: Tell Abu Bakr that he may worship his Lord in his house as much as he wishes, pray as he wishes, recite as he wishes, but he should not pray or recite openly outside his house, causing us distress. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) did so. Later, when Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) found it appropriate, he built a mosque in the courtyard of his house. He used to pray there. The women and children of the polytheists would come and stand by him and be amazed at him; they would keep looking at him, because Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was a man who wept much. When he recited the Qur'an, his tears would not stop. This frightened the nobles of Quraysh. They sent a message to Ibn Daghina, who came to them, and they said: We granted Abu Bakr protection because of you on the condition that he would worship Allah in his house. He has violated this and built a mosque in his courtyard, and prays and recites openly. We fear that he may put our women and children to trial. If he is content to worship his Lord inside his house, that is fine; but if he does not accept and continues to do so openly, then you must tell him to return your protection, for we do not like to violate your protection, nor can we allow Abu Bakr to do this openly.
Ibn Daghina came to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: O Abu Bakr, you know on what condition I granted you protection. Either you be content with that, or return my protection to me, for I do not like that the Arabs should hear that I withdrew protection from someone after granting it. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I return your protection to you and am content with the protection of Allah and His Messenger.
(Lady Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, narrates) The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) was residing in Makkah in those days. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said to the Muslims: The land of your migration has been shown to me (in a dream). I saw that it is a land of date palms, between two rocky tracts.
(Lady Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, narrates) When the Prophet (peace be upon him) mentioned this, those who had to migrate left for Madinah, and some of those Muslims who had previously migrated to Abyssinia also came to Madinah. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) also prepared for migration, but the Prophet (peace be upon him) said to him: Wait, for I hope that I too will be granted permission (to migrate). Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: Do you hope for that, may my parents be sacrificed for you? The Prophet (peace be upon him) replied: Yes. So Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) held himself back for the Prophet (peace be upon him). He fed his camels with acacia leaves for four months.
Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: Once, we were sitting in our house at noon, when someone said to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him): The Prophet (peace be upon him) has arrived. The Prophet (peace be upon him) had covered his face, and it was an hour in which he would not usually come to us. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: May my parents be sacrificed for him, he must have come for some important matter. Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: The Prophet (peace be upon him) came and sought permission to enter, then entered. When he came in, he said to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him): Remove those around you from the house. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! May my parents be sacrificed for you, these are only your family (no one else is here). The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: I have been given permission to depart. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! May my parents be sacrificed for you, I will accompany you. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Yes. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! May my parents be sacrificed for you, take one of these two she-camels. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: I will take it for a price. Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: Then we prepared provisions for both of them and put them in a leather bag. Lady Asma bint Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with her) tore her waistband and tied the mouth of the bag with it, and for this she was called "Dhat an-Nitaqayn" (the one with the two waistbands). Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) went to the cave in the mountain called Thawr, where they stayed for three days.
Ibn Daghina went to the disbelievers of Quraysh and said: A person like Abu Bakr cannot be expelled. You are expelling a man who earns for those who have nothing, maintains the rights of kinship, bears burdens, hosts guests, and helps in matters of truth. So the Quraysh accepted the protection given by Ibn Daghina and granted Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) safety. They said to Ibn Daghina: Tell Abu Bakr that he may worship his Lord in his house as much as he wishes, pray as he wishes, recite as he wishes, but he should not pray or recite openly outside his house, causing us distress. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) did so. Later, when Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) found it appropriate, he built a mosque in the courtyard of his house. He used to pray there. The women and children of the polytheists would come and stand by him and be amazed at him; they would keep looking at him, because Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was a man who wept much. When he recited the Qur'an, his tears would not stop. This frightened the nobles of Quraysh. They sent a message to Ibn Daghina, who came to them, and they said: We granted Abu Bakr protection because of you on the condition that he would worship Allah in his house. He has violated this and built a mosque in his courtyard, and prays and recites openly. We fear that he may put our women and children to trial. If he is content to worship his Lord inside his house, that is fine; but if he does not accept and continues to do so openly, then you must tell him to return your protection, for we do not like to violate your protection, nor can we allow Abu Bakr to do this openly.
Ibn Daghina came to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: O Abu Bakr, you know on what condition I granted you protection. Either you be content with that, or return my protection to me, for I do not like that the Arabs should hear that I withdrew protection from someone after granting it. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I return your protection to you and am content with the protection of Allah and His Messenger.
(Lady Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, narrates) The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) was residing in Makkah in those days. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said to the Muslims: The land of your migration has been shown to me (in a dream). I saw that it is a land of date palms, between two rocky tracts.
(Lady Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, narrates) When the Prophet (peace be upon him) mentioned this, those who had to migrate left for Madinah, and some of those Muslims who had previously migrated to Abyssinia also came to Madinah. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) also prepared for migration, but the Prophet (peace be upon him) said to him: Wait, for I hope that I too will be granted permission (to migrate). Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: Do you hope for that, may my parents be sacrificed for you? The Prophet (peace be upon him) replied: Yes. So Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) held himself back for the Prophet (peace be upon him). He fed his camels with acacia leaves for four months.
Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: Once, we were sitting in our house at noon, when someone said to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him): The Prophet (peace be upon him) has arrived. The Prophet (peace be upon him) had covered his face, and it was an hour in which he would not usually come to us. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: May my parents be sacrificed for him, he must have come for some important matter. Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: The Prophet (peace be upon him) came and sought permission to enter, then entered. When he came in, he said to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him): Remove those around you from the house. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! May my parents be sacrificed for you, these are only your family (no one else is here). The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: I have been given permission to depart. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! May my parents be sacrificed for you, I will accompany you. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Yes. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! May my parents be sacrificed for you, take one of these two she-camels. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: I will take it for a price. Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates: Then we prepared provisions for both of them and put them in a leather bag. Lady Asma bint Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with her) tore her waistband and tied the mouth of the bag with it, and for this she was called "Dhat an-Nitaqayn" (the one with the two waistbands). Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) went to the cave in the mountain called Thawr, where they stayed for three days.
