أَخْبَرَنَا
عِمْرَانُ بْنُ مُوسَى بْنِ مُجَاشِعٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا
عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا
يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ ، أَخْبَرَنَا
ابْنُ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ ، عَنِ
الزُّهْرِيِّ ، عَنْ
سَالِمٍ ، عَنْ
عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَامِرِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، خَرَجَ يُرِيدُ الشَّامَ ، فَلَمَّا دَنَا ، بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ بِهَا الطَّاعُونَ ، فَحَدَّثَهُ
عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : " إِنَّ هَذَا الْوَجَعَ عَذَابٌ عُذِّبَ بِهِ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ ، فَإِذَا كَانَ بِأَرْضٍ لَسْتُمْ بِهَا ، فَلا تَهْبِطُوا عَلَيْهِ ، وَإِذَا كَانَ بِأَرْضٍ وَأَنْتُمْ بِهَا ، فَلا تَخْرُجُوا فِرَارًا مِنْهُ " ، فَرَجَعَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ بِالنَّاسِ ذَلِكَ الْعَامَ ، قَالَ أَبُو حَاتِمٍ : إِخْبَارُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، عَنِ الأَنْبِيَاءِ وَالأُمَمِ السَّالِفَةِ عَلَى ثَلاثَةِ أَضْرُبٍ : ضَرْبٌ قَصَدَ بِهِ الْمَدْحَ لأَشْيَاءَ مَعْلُومَةٍ ، أَرَادَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الأُمَّةِ اسْتِعْمَالَ تِلْكَ الأَشْيَاءِ ، وَالضَّرْبُ الثَّانِي قَصَدَ بِهِ الذَّمَّ ، أَرَادَ بِهِ انْزِجَارُ هَذِهِ الأُمَّةِ عَنِ ارْتِكَابِ مِثْلِهَا ، وَالضَّرْبُ الثَّالِثُ قَصَدَ بِهِ الْوَصْفَ ، أَرَادَ بِهِ اعْتِبَارَ هَذِهِ الأُمَّةِ بِتِلْكَ الأَوْصَافِ .
Abdullah bin Amir narrates: Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) set out to go to Syria. When he reached near Syria, he received news that a plague had spread there. Then Sayyiduna Abdur Rahman bin Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated this hadith to him: The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Indeed, this affliction is a punishment with which the people before you were punished. When it occurs in a land where you are not present, do not go there, and when it occurs in a land where you are present, do not flee from it." So Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) returned with the people that year. (Imam Ibn Hibban, may Allah have mercy on him, says:) The Prophet Muhammad's (peace and blessings be upon him) informing about the Prophets and previous nations is of three types. The first type is: He praised certain specific things, and the purpose is that this Ummah should act upon those things. The second type is: He mentioned the condemnation of certain things, and his intention is that this Ummah should avoid committing such acts. And the third type is: He described a characteristic, and his intention is that this Ummah should take a lesson from that characteristic.