صحیح ابن حبان
Ibn Hibban
كتاب البر والإحسانBook of Righteousness and Goodness
باب الصدق والأمر بالمعروف والنهي عن المنكر - ذكر الاستحباب للمرء أن يأمر بالمعروف من هو فوقه ومثله ودونه في الدين والدنيا إذا كان قصده فيه النصيحة دون التعيير-Chapter: Truthfulness, Commanding Good, and Forbidding Evil – Recommendation to command good to those above, equal, or below in religion and worldly matters, if the intention is sincere advice, not humiliation
Hadith 288
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ قُتَيْبَةَ ، وَاللَّفْظُ لِلْحَسَنِ ، قَالا : حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ هُوَ ابْنُ أَبِي السَّرِيِّ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ يُوسُفَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَلامٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ ، قَالَ : قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَلامٍ : إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى لَمَّا أَرَادَ هُدَى زَيْدِ بْنِ سَعْنَةَ ، قَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ سَعْنَةَ : إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَبْقَ مِنْ عَلامَاتَ النُّبُوَّةِ شَيْءٌ إِلا وَقَدْ عَرَفْتُهَا فِي وَجْهِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى الِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ نَظَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ ، إِلا اثْنَتَيْنِ لَمْ أَخْبُرْهُمَا مِنْهُ : يَسْبِقُ حِلْمُهُ جَهْلَهُ ، وَلا يَزِيدُهُ شِدَّةُ الْجَهْلِ عَلَيْهِ إِلا حِلْمًا ، فَكُنْتُ أَتَلَطَّفُ لَهُ لأَنْ أُخَالِطَهُ فَأَعْرِفَ حِلْمَهُ وَجَهْلَهُ ، قَالَ : فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى الِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنَ الْحُجُرَاتِ ، وَمَعَهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ، فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ كَالْبَدَوِيِّ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، قَرْيَةُ بَنِي فُلانٍ قَدْ أَسْلَمُوا وَدَخَلُوا فِي الإِسْلامِ ، وَكُنْتُ أَخْبَرْتُهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ إِنْ أَسْلَمُوا أَتَاهُمُ الرِّزْقُ رَغَدًا ، وَقَدْ أَصَابَهُمْ شِدَّةٌ وَقَحْطٌ مِنَ الْغَيْثِ ، وَأَنَا أَخْشَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أَنْ يَخْرُجُوا مَنَ الإِسْلامِ طَمَعًا كَمَا دَخَلُوا فِيهِ طَمَعًا ، فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنْ تُرْسِلَ إِلَيْهُمْ مَنْ يُغِيثُهُمْ بِهِ فَعَلْتَ ، قَالَ : فَنَظَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى الِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ جَانِبَهُ ، أُرَاهُ عُمَرُ ، فَقَالَ : مَا بَقِيَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ سَعْنَةَ : فَدَنَوْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ : يَا مُحَمَّدُ ، هَلْ لَكَ أَنْ تَبِيعَنِي تَمْرًا مَعْلُومًا مِنْ حَائِطِ بَنِي فُلانٍ إِلَى أَجْلِ كَذَا وَكَذَا ؟ فَقَالَ : " لا ، يَا يَهُودِيُّ ، وَلَكِنْ أَبِيعُكَ تَمْرًا مَعْلُومًا إِلَى أَجْلِ كَذَا وَكَذَا ، وَلا أُسَمِّي حَائِطَ بَنِي فُلانٍ " ، قُلْتُ : نَعَمْ ، فَبَايَعَنِي صَلَّى الِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَأَطْلَقْتُ هُمْيَانِي ، فَأَعْطَيْتُهُ ثَمَانِينَ مِثْقَالا مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فِي تَمْرٍ مَعْلُومٍ إِلَى أَجْلِ كَذَا وَكَذَا ، قَالَ : فَأَعْطَاهَا الرَّجُلَ وَقَالَ : " اعْجَلْ عَلَيْهِمْ وأَغِثْهُمْ بِهَا " ، قَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ سَعْنَةَ : فَلَمَّا كَانَ قَبْلُ مَحَلِّ الأَجَلِ بِيَوْمَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلاثَةٍ ، خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى الِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي جَنَازَةِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ وَمَعَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ، وَعُمَرُ ، وَعُثْمَانُ وَنَفَرٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ ، فَلَمَّا صَلَّى عَلَى الْجَنَازَةِ دَنَا مِنْ جِدَارٍ فَجَلَسَ إِلَيْهِ ، فَأَخَذْتُ بِمَجَامِعِ قَمِيصِهِ ، وَنَظَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ بِوَجْهٍ غَلِيظٍ ، ثُمَّ قُلْتُ : أَلا تَقْضِينِي يَا مُحَمَّدُ حَقِّي ؟ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا عَلِمْتُكُمْ بَنِي عَبْدَ الْمُطَّلِبِ بِمَطْلٍ ، وَلَقَدْ كَانَ لِي بِمُخَالَطَتِكُمْ عِلْمٌ ، قَالَ : وَنَظَرْتُ إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ وَعَيْنَاهُ تَدُورَانِ فِي وَجْهِهِ كَالْفَلَكِ الْمُسْتَدِيرِ ، ثُمَّ رَمَانِي بِبَصَرِهِ وَقَالَ : أَيْ عَدُوَّ اللَّهِ ، أَتَقُولُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى الِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا أَسْمَعُ ، وَتَفْعَلُ بِهِ مَا أَرَى ؟ فَوَالَّذِي بَعَثَهُ بِالْحَقِّ ، لَوْلا مَا أُحَاِذْرُ فَوْتَهُ لَضَرَبْتُ بِسَيْفِي هَذَا عُنُقَكَ ، وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى الِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَنْظُرُ إِلَى عُمَرَ فِي سُكُونٍ وَتُؤَدَةٍ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : " إِنَّا كُنَّا أَحْوَجَ إِلَى غَيْرِ هَذَا مِنْكَ يَا عُمَرُ ، أَنْ تَأْمُرَنِي بِحُسْنِ الأَدَاءِ ، وَتَأْمُرَهُ بِحُسْنِ التِّبَاعَةِ ، اذْهَبْ بِهِ يَا عُمَرُ فَاقْضِهِ حَقَّهُ ، وَزِدْهُ عِشْرِينَ صَاعًا مِنْ غَيْرِهِ مَكَانَ مَا رُعْتَهُ " ، قَالَ زَيْدٌ : فَذَهَبَ بِي عُمَرُ فَقَضَانِي حَقِّي ، وَزَادَنِي عِشْرِينَ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ ، فَقُلْتُ : مَا هَذِهِ الزِّيَادَةُ ؟ قَالَ : أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى الِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ أَزِيدَكَ مَكَانَ مَا رُعْتُكَ ، فَقُلْتُ : أَتَعْرِفُنِي يَا عُمَرُ ؟ قَالَ : لا ، فَمَنْ أَنْتَ ؟ قُلْتُ : أَنَا زَيْدُ بْنُ سَعْنَةَ ، قَالَ : الْحَبْرُ ؟ قُلْتُ : نَعَمْ ، الْحَبْرُ ، قَالَ : فَمَا دَعَاكَ أَنْ تَقُولَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى الِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا قُلْتَ ، وَتَفْعَلُ بِهِ مَا فَعَلْتَ ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا عُمَرُ كُلُّ عَلامَاتَ النُّبُوَّةِ قَدْ عَرَفْتُهَا فِي وَجْهِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى الِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ نَظَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ إِلا اثْنَتَيْنِ لَمْ أَخْتَبِرْهُمَا مِنْهُ : يَسْبِقُ حِلْمُهُ جَهْلَهُ ، وَلا يَزِيدُهُ شِدَّةُ الْجَهْلِ عَلَيْهِ إِلا حِلْمًا ، فَقَدْ اخْتَبَرْتُهُمَا ، فَأُشْهِدُكَ يَا عُمَرُ أَنِّي قَدْ رَضِيتُ بِاللَّهِ رَبًّا ، وَبِالإِسْلامِ دِينًا ، وَبِمُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى الِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَبِيًّا ، وَأُشْهِدُكَ أَنَّ شَطْرَ مَالِي فَإِنِّي أَكْثَرُهَا مَالا صَدَقَةٌ عَلَى أُمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى الِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ : أَوْ عَلَى بَعْضِهِمْ ، فَإِنَّكَ لا تَسَعُهُمْ كُلَّهُمْ ، قُلْتُ : أَوْ عَلَى بَعْضِهِمْ ، فَرَجَعَ عُمَرُ وَزَيْدٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى الِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ زَيْدٌ : أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لا إِلَهَ إِلا اللَّهُ ، وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ صَلَّى الِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَآمَنَ بِهِ وَصَدَّقَهُ ، وَشَهِدَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى الِلَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَشَاهِدَ كَثِيرَةً ثُمَّ تُوُفِّيَ فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ مُقْبِلا غَيْرَ مُدْبِرٍ رَحِمَ الِلَّهِ زَيْدًا ، قَالَ : فَسَمِعْتُ الْوَلِيدَ ، يَقُولُ : حَدَّثَنِي بِهَذَا كُلِّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَلامٍ .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Salam (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When Allah Almighty intended to guide Zayd bin Sa’nah, Zayd bin Sa’nah said: Of all the remaining signs of prophethood, I have recognized all of them in the face of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). When I visited him, only two things remained, which I had not yet discerned in his personality. One was: how much forbearance and (tolerance) is there in your temperament? The second was: when someone behaves rudely with you, do you show even more forbearance? So I wanted to interact with the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) gently and keep meeting him so that I could gauge your forbearance.
The narrator states: Once, the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) came out of his chamber, and Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) was with him. A man, who appeared to be a Bedouin, came to the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). He said: O Messenger of Allah! The people of such-and-such village have accepted Islam. I had told them that if they accepted Islam, Allah Almighty would grant them more sustenance. Now they have been afflicted by drought, there has been no rain, and I fear, O Messenger of Allah! Just as they entered Islam out of greed, they might leave Islam out of greed as well. If you deem it appropriate, send them something that can help them.
The narrator says: The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) looked towards a person sitting beside him—I think it was Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him)—and he said: O Messenger of Allah! I do not have anything like that. Zayd bin Sa’nah says: I came close to the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him)! Will you sell me the specified dates of the garden of Banu so-and-so, on the condition of payment at such-and-such time? The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said: No. O Jew, I will sell you specified dates for such-and-such period, but I will not specify the garden of Banu so-and-so. I replied: Fine. So the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) made a deal with me. I opened my bag and took out eighty mithqals of gold and gave it to him, which was in exchange for the specified number of dates, to be paid at such-and-such time.
The narrator states: The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) gave that gold to the man and said: Go quickly to them and help them with this. Sayyiduna Zayd bin Sa’nah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When the appointed time was near, with two or three days still remaining, the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) went to attend the funeral of an Ansari. With him were Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him), and some other companions. When the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) had performed the funeral prayer, he sat near a wall. I grabbed the hem of his shirt and, looking at him sternly, said: O Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), will you not pay me my due? By Allah! I do not know of any procrastination from you, i.e., the descendants of Abdul Muttalib. Because I know your dealings.
The narrator says: I looked towards Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), and his eyes were boiling with anger. He glared at me and said: O enemy of Allah! Are you saying this to the Messenger of Allah, what I am hearing, and behaving in this manner, what I am seeing? By the One Who sent him with the truth, if it were not for his respect, I would have struck off your neck with this sword. The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) looked at Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) gently and kindly and said: “O Umar! There was more need for a different reaction from you. You should have told me to pay well and told him to demand well. O Umar! Take him with you. Give him his due, and for the scolding you gave him, give him an extra sa’ of dates.”
Sayyiduna Zayd bin Sa’nah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) took me with him, paid me my due, and gave me twenty extra sa’ of dates. So I asked: What is this extra payment for? He replied: The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) instructed me that for the scolding I gave you, I should give you this extra payment. I asked: O Umar! Do you know who I am? He replied: No! Who are you? I said: I am Zayd bin Sa’nah. He asked: The great scholar of the Jews? I replied: Yes, the great scholar of the Jews.
Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: Why did you speak and behave with the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) in this manner? I replied: O Umar! I had seen all the signs of prophethood in the face of the Messenger of Allah when I visited him. Only two things remained unknown to me about him. One was: how much forbearance is there in his temperament? The second was: when someone behaves rudely with him, does he show forbearance and patience? Now I have come to know both. O Umar! Now I make you a witness that I am pleased with Allah as Lord, Islam as religion, and Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) as Prophet (i.e., I believe in them). And I make you a witness that half of my wealth, although among the Jews I have the most wealth, is charity for the Ummah of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). So Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Say that it is for some of them, because you cannot fulfill all of them. So I said: It is for some of them.
Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Zayd went to the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), and Sayyiduna Zayd said: I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is His servant and Messenger. (The narrator says:) Then Sayyiduna Zayd bin Sa’nah (may Allah be pleased with him) accepted faith in the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). He affirmed the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), participated in many battles with him, and then died facing the enemy during the Battle of Tabuk. May Allah have mercy on Zayd. He stated: I heard Walid say that this entire narration was related to me by Muhammad bin Hamzah from his father, from his grandfather, from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Salam (may Allah be pleased with him).
The narrator states: Once, the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) came out of his chamber, and Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) was with him. A man, who appeared to be a Bedouin, came to the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). He said: O Messenger of Allah! The people of such-and-such village have accepted Islam. I had told them that if they accepted Islam, Allah Almighty would grant them more sustenance. Now they have been afflicted by drought, there has been no rain, and I fear, O Messenger of Allah! Just as they entered Islam out of greed, they might leave Islam out of greed as well. If you deem it appropriate, send them something that can help them.
The narrator says: The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) looked towards a person sitting beside him—I think it was Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him)—and he said: O Messenger of Allah! I do not have anything like that. Zayd bin Sa’nah says: I came close to the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him)! Will you sell me the specified dates of the garden of Banu so-and-so, on the condition of payment at such-and-such time? The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said: No. O Jew, I will sell you specified dates for such-and-such period, but I will not specify the garden of Banu so-and-so. I replied: Fine. So the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) made a deal with me. I opened my bag and took out eighty mithqals of gold and gave it to him, which was in exchange for the specified number of dates, to be paid at such-and-such time.
The narrator states: The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) gave that gold to the man and said: Go quickly to them and help them with this. Sayyiduna Zayd bin Sa’nah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When the appointed time was near, with two or three days still remaining, the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) went to attend the funeral of an Ansari. With him were Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him), and some other companions. When the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) had performed the funeral prayer, he sat near a wall. I grabbed the hem of his shirt and, looking at him sternly, said: O Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), will you not pay me my due? By Allah! I do not know of any procrastination from you, i.e., the descendants of Abdul Muttalib. Because I know your dealings.
The narrator says: I looked towards Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), and his eyes were boiling with anger. He glared at me and said: O enemy of Allah! Are you saying this to the Messenger of Allah, what I am hearing, and behaving in this manner, what I am seeing? By the One Who sent him with the truth, if it were not for his respect, I would have struck off your neck with this sword. The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) looked at Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) gently and kindly and said: “O Umar! There was more need for a different reaction from you. You should have told me to pay well and told him to demand well. O Umar! Take him with you. Give him his due, and for the scolding you gave him, give him an extra sa’ of dates.”
Sayyiduna Zayd bin Sa’nah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) took me with him, paid me my due, and gave me twenty extra sa’ of dates. So I asked: What is this extra payment for? He replied: The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) instructed me that for the scolding I gave you, I should give you this extra payment. I asked: O Umar! Do you know who I am? He replied: No! Who are you? I said: I am Zayd bin Sa’nah. He asked: The great scholar of the Jews? I replied: Yes, the great scholar of the Jews.
Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: Why did you speak and behave with the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) in this manner? I replied: O Umar! I had seen all the signs of prophethood in the face of the Messenger of Allah when I visited him. Only two things remained unknown to me about him. One was: how much forbearance is there in his temperament? The second was: when someone behaves rudely with him, does he show forbearance and patience? Now I have come to know both. O Umar! Now I make you a witness that I am pleased with Allah as Lord, Islam as religion, and Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) as Prophet (i.e., I believe in them). And I make you a witness that half of my wealth, although among the Jews I have the most wealth, is charity for the Ummah of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). So Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Say that it is for some of them, because you cannot fulfill all of them. So I said: It is for some of them.
Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Zayd went to the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), and Sayyiduna Zayd said: I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is His servant and Messenger. (The narrator says:) Then Sayyiduna Zayd bin Sa’nah (may Allah be pleased with him) accepted faith in the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). He affirmed the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), participated in many battles with him, and then died facing the enemy during the Battle of Tabuk. May Allah have mercy on Zayd. He stated: I heard Walid say that this entire narration was related to me by Muhammad bin Hamzah from his father, from his grandfather, from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Salam (may Allah be pleased with him).
