صحیح ابن حبان
Ibn Hibban
كتاب الطهارةBook of Purification
باب نواقض الوضوء - ذكر الخبر الدال على أن الرقاد الذي هو النعاس لا يوجب على من وجد فيه وضوءاChapter on the Nullifiers of Ablution - Report indicating that light sleep does not require ablution
Hadith 1100
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو يَعْلَى ، حَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ مَعْرُوفٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ عَاصِمٍ ، عَنْ زِرٍّ ، قَالَ : أَتَيْتُ صَفْوَانَ بْنَ عَسَّالٍ الْمُرَادِيَّ ، فَقَالَ لِي : مَا حَاجَتُكَ ؟ قُلْتُ لَهُ : ابْتِغَاءُ الْعِلْمِ ، قَالَ : فَإِنَّ الْمَلائِكَةَ تَضَعُ أَجْنِحَتَهَا لِطَالِبِ الْعِلْمِ رِضًى بِمَا يَطْلُبُ ، قُلْتُ : حَكَّ فِي نَفْسِي الْمَسْحُ عَلَى الْخُفَّيْنِ بَعْدَ الْغَائِطِ وَالْبَوْلِ ، وَكُنْتُ امْرَءًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَأَتَيْتُكَ أَسْأَلُكَ : هَلْ سَمِعْتَ مِنْهُ فِي ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا ؟ قَالَ : " نَعَمْ ، كَانَ يَأْمُرُنَا إِذَا كُنَّا فِي سَفَرٍ أَوْ مُسَافِرِينَ أَنْ لا نَنْزِعَ خِفَافَنَا ثَلاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَلَيَالِيهِنَّ إِلا مِنْ جَنَابَةٍ ، لَكِنْ مِنْ غَائِطٍ وَبَوْلٍ وَنَوْمٍ " . قَالَ أَبُو حَاتِمٍ : الرُّقَادُ لَهُ بِدَايَةٌ وَنِهَايَةٌ ، فَبِدَايَتُهُ النُّعَاسُ الَّذِي هُوَ أَوَائِلُ النَّوْمِ ، وَصِفَتُهُ أَنَّ الْمَرْءَ إِذَا كُلِّمَ فِيهِ يَسْمَعُ ، وَإِنْ أَحْدَثَ عَلِمَ ، إِلا أَنَّهُ يَتَمَايَلُ تَمَايُلا . وَنِهَايَتُهُ زَوَالُ الْعَقْلِ ، وَصِفَتُهُ أَنَّ الْمَرْءَ إِذَا أَحْدَثَ فِي تِلْكَ الْحَالَةِ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ ، وَإِنْ تَكَلَّمَ لَمْ يَفْهَمْ . فَالنُّعَاسُ لا يُوجِبُ الْوُضُوءَ عَلَى أَحَدٍ قَلِيلُهُ وَكَثِيرُهُ عَلَى أَيِّ حَالَةٍ كَانَ النَّاعِسُ ، وَالنَّوْمُ يُوجِبُ الْوُضُوءَ عَلَى مَنْ وُجِدَ عَلَى أَيِّ حَالَةٍ كَانَ النَّائِمُ . عَلَى أَنَّ اسْمَ النَّوْمِ قَدْ يَقَعُ عَلَى النُّعَاسِ ، وَالنُّعَاسُ عَلَى النَّوْمِ ، وَمَعْنَاهُمَا مُخْتَلِفَانِ ، وَاللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا بِقَوْلِهِ : لا تَأْخُذُهُ سِنَةٌ وَلا نَوْمٌ سورة البقرة آية 255 وَلَمَّا قَرَنَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي خَبَرِ صَفْوَانَ بَيْنَ النَّوْمِ ، وَالْغَائِطِ ، وَالْبَوْلِ ، فِي إِيجَابِ الْوُضُوءِ مِنْهَا ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ بَيْنَ الْبَوْلِ وَالْغَائِطِ فُرْقَانٌ ، وَكَانَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا قَلِيلُ أَحَدِهِمَا أَوْ كَثِيرُهُ أَوْجَبَ عَلَيْهِ الطَّهَارَةَ ، سَوَاءً كَانَ الْبَائِلُ قَائِمًا ، أَوْ قَاعِدًا ، أَوْ رَاكِعًا ، أَوْ سَاجِدًا ، كَانَ كُلُّ مَنْ نَامَ بِزَوَالِ الْعَقْلِ ، وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ الْوُضُوءُ ، سَوَاءً اخْتَلَفَتْ أَحْوَالُهُ ، أَوِ اتَّفَقَتْ ، لأَنَّ الْعِلَّةَ فِيهِ زَوَالُ الْعَقْلِ لا تَغَيُّرُ الأَحْوَالِ عَلَيْهِ ، كَمَا أَنَّ الْعِلَّةَ فِي الْغَائِطِ وَالْبَوْلِ وُجُودُهُمَا لا تَغَيُّرُ أَحْوَالِ الْبَائِلِ وَالْمُتَغَوِّطِ فِيهِ .
Zirr bin Hubaish narrates: I presented myself in the service of Sayyiduna Safwan bin Assal Muradi (may Allah be pleased with him). He asked me, "What brings you here?" I replied, "The pursuit of knowledge." He said, "The angels, pleased with the seeker of knowledge, spread their wings for him." I said, "I have some confusion in my mind regarding wiping over leather socks (khuffs) after urinating (while performing ablution). You are a companion of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), so I have come to you to ask if you have heard anything from the Prophet (peace be upon him) about this." He replied, "Yes, the Prophet (peace be upon him) used to instruct us that when we were on a journey (the narrator is unsure, perhaps these are the words), when we were travelers, we should not remove our leather socks for three days and three nights, except in the case of major impurity (janabah). However, in the case of breaking wudu due to defecation, urination, or sleeping, we would not remove our socks." (Imam Ibn Hibban, may Allah have mercy on him, says:) Sleep (ruqood) has a beginning and an end. Its beginning is drowsiness, which occurs at the start of sleep, and its state is such that if someone speaks to the person during this time, he hears it, and if he loses his wudu, he is aware of it. However, if he slumps to one side (the matter is different), and its end is the loss of intellect (consciousness). In this state, if a person loses his wudu, he does not realize it, and if someone speaks to him, he does not understand. So drowsiness does not obligate wudu upon anyone, whether it is little or much, and in whatever state it occurs. However, sleep obligates wudu, in whatever state it is found in the sleeper. Sometimes the word "nawm" (sleep) is used for "nu‘as" (drowsiness), and the word "nu‘as" is used for "nawm," but their meanings are different. Allah Almighty has clarified the difference between them by saying: "Neither drowsiness overtakes Him nor sleep." So when the Prophet (peace be upon him) included sleep, defecation, and urination among the things that necessitate wudu in the narration transmitted by Sayyiduna Safwan, just as there is no difference between urination and defecation—whichever of these occurs to anyone, whether little or much—then wudu becomes obligatory upon such a person, whether the one urinating does so sitting, standing, bowing, or prostrating. So every person whose intellect is lost and he sleeps, wudu becomes obligatory upon him, whether his states differ or are the same, because the fundamental reason in this is the loss of intellect. The change of state is not the fundamental reason, just as in urination and defecation, the reason is the occurrence of either. The changing state of the one urinating or defecating is not the reason.
