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Hadith 27
اُردوEn
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِذَا نُودِيَ بِالصَّلاةِ، أَدْبَرَ الشَّيْطَانُ لَهُ ضُرَاطٌ حَتَّى لا يَسْمَعَ التَّأْذِينَ، فَإِذَا قُضِيَ التَّأْذِينُ أَقْبَلَ حَتَّى إِذَا ثُوِّبَ بِهَا أَدْبَرَ حَتَّى إِذَا قُضِيَ التَّثْوِيبُ أَقْبَلَ، يَخْطِرُ بَيْنَ الْمَرْءِ وَنَفْسِهِ وَيَقُولُ : اذْكُرْ كَذَا اذْكُرْ كَذَا لِمَا لَمْ يَكُنْ يَذْكُرُ مِنْ قَبْلُ، حَتَّى يَظَلَّ الرَّجُلُ إِنْ يَدْرِي كَيْفَ صَلَّى "
And the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "When the call to prayer (adhan) is made, Satan turns his back and flees, passing wind loudly so that he does not hear the sound of the adhan. When the call to prayer is finished, he returns. Then, when the iqamah for prayer is pronounced, he again turns his back and flees. When the iqamah is finished, he comes back and puts thoughts into the heart of the worshipper and says, 'Remember such-and-such, remember such-and-such,' things which he had not remembered before, until the worshipper does not remember how many (rak‘ahs) he has prayed."
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Abdullah Shameem
Explanation of the Hadith:
Satan flees, passing wind, turning his back:
This state befalls Satan when he hears the sound of the call to prayer (adhan), because the adhan is, in reality, a proclamation of Allah’s oneness and faith, which is extremely beloved to Allah, the Exalted. Furthermore, Allah’s obedient servants, upon hearing the adhan, rush towards the mosque to perform the obligatory prayer, and there they prostrate before Allah, which deprives Satan of his objective, since he himself refused to prostrate. Now, when people are called to prostrate, witnessing this scene causes Satan great distress. Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah radi Allahu anhu narrates that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said:
«إِذَا قَرَأَ ابْنُ آدَمَ السَّجْدَةَ فَسَجَدَ، اعْتَزَلَ الشَّيْطَانُ يَبْكِي، يَقُولُ: يَا وَيْلَهُ، وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي كُرَيْبٍ: يَا وَيْلِي، أُمِرَ ابْنُ آدَمَ بِالسُّجُودِ فَسَجَدَ، فَلَهُ الْجَنَّةُ، وَأُمِرْتُ بِالسُّجُودِ فَأَبَيْتُ فَلِي النَّارُ» [صحيح مسلم، كتاب الإيمان، رقم: 244]
“When a person recites a verse of prostration and then prostrates, Satan withdraws, weeping, and says: ‘Woe to him or to me! The son of Adam was commanded to prostrate and he did so, so Paradise is for him; I was commanded to prostrate, but I refused or disobeyed, so Hell is for me.’”
Until when the iqamah is pronounced for prayer, then…:
In the text of the hadith, the word “tathwib” is used, which encompasses several meanings:
➊ To call people towards the obligatory prayer by standing in the mosque after the adhan, saying: “Come to perform the obligatory prayer, the time for prayer has come.”
➋ The iqamah (the second call to prayer) is also called tathwib.
➌ In the adhan of Fajr, the words «اَلصَّلٰوةُ خَيْرٌ مِّنَ النَّوْمْ» are also referred to as tathwib.
The first form of tathwib, which is to call people again to perform the obligatory prayer in the mosque after the adhan, is not legislated. As is evident from the famous incident of Abdullah ibn Umar radi Allahu anhu, who once witnessed this act of tathwib and said to his student Mujahid: “Take me away from the mosque of these people of innovation.” [سنن أبو داؤد، باب فى التثويب، رقم: 538]
- Al-Albani rahimahullah graded this as “hasan.”
However, the remaining two forms of tathwib are legislated and permissible, as both are established from the hadith of the Messenger sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.
The original meaning of tathwib:
The original meaning of tathwib is “to repeat” or “to return.” In all three forms, after the adhan, people are again called to perform the prayer. And «اَلصَّلٰوةُ خَيْرٌ مِّنَ النَّوْمْ» is also said after «حَيَّ عَلٰى الصَّلوةِ» and «حَيَّ عَلٰى الْفَلَاح». With these words, and after them by saying «اَلصَّلٰوةُ خَيْرٌ مِّنَ النَّوْمْ», people are again called to perform the prayer.
In the hadith under discussion, tathwib refers to the iqamah, because the same state remains with Iblis throughout the adhan. Then, when people are again called to perform the obligatory prayer, i.e., when the iqamah is pronounced, Iblis once again turns his back and flees. For details, see: [سنن ترمذي، باب فى التثويب فى الفجر، رقم: 198]
He creates doubts in the heart and casts whispers:
The purpose of this phrase is that Iblis, the Satan, during the prayer, completely casts doubts into the heart of the worshipper to destroy his humility (khushu‘). For this reason, numerous hadiths encourage performing prayer with full attention, so that the servant of Allah may perform the prayer with both outward and inward humility and submission.
Allamah ‘Ayni rahimahullah says: This hadith establishes the virtue of the adhan, but for Iblis, the adhan is such a dangerous thing that to save himself from it, he flees far away. [عمدة القاري: 273/4]
In one hadith, the Noble Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said:
«إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ إِذَا سَمِعَ النِّدَاءَ بِالصَّلَاةِ، ذَهَبَ حَتَّى يَكُونَ مَكَانَ الرَّوْحَاءِ»
“Indeed, when Satan hears the adhan, he flees as far as the place called ‘Rawha’.”
Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan radi Allahu anhu states that the place “Rawha” is approximately 36 miles (about 56 kilometers) from Madinah Munawwarah. [صحيح مسلم، كتاب الصلوٰة، رقم: 854]
Satan flees, passing wind, turning his back:
This state befalls Satan when he hears the sound of the call to prayer (adhan), because the adhan is, in reality, a proclamation of Allah’s oneness and faith, which is extremely beloved to Allah, the Exalted. Furthermore, Allah’s obedient servants, upon hearing the adhan, rush towards the mosque to perform the obligatory prayer, and there they prostrate before Allah, which deprives Satan of his objective, since he himself refused to prostrate. Now, when people are called to prostrate, witnessing this scene causes Satan great distress. Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah radi Allahu anhu narrates that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said:
«إِذَا قَرَأَ ابْنُ آدَمَ السَّجْدَةَ فَسَجَدَ، اعْتَزَلَ الشَّيْطَانُ يَبْكِي، يَقُولُ: يَا وَيْلَهُ، وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي كُرَيْبٍ: يَا وَيْلِي، أُمِرَ ابْنُ آدَمَ بِالسُّجُودِ فَسَجَدَ، فَلَهُ الْجَنَّةُ، وَأُمِرْتُ بِالسُّجُودِ فَأَبَيْتُ فَلِي النَّارُ» [صحيح مسلم، كتاب الإيمان، رقم: 244]
“When a person recites a verse of prostration and then prostrates, Satan withdraws, weeping, and says: ‘Woe to him or to me! The son of Adam was commanded to prostrate and he did so, so Paradise is for him; I was commanded to prostrate, but I refused or disobeyed, so Hell is for me.’”
Until when the iqamah is pronounced for prayer, then…:
In the text of the hadith, the word “tathwib” is used, which encompasses several meanings:
➊ To call people towards the obligatory prayer by standing in the mosque after the adhan, saying: “Come to perform the obligatory prayer, the time for prayer has come.”
➋ The iqamah (the second call to prayer) is also called tathwib.
➌ In the adhan of Fajr, the words «اَلصَّلٰوةُ خَيْرٌ مِّنَ النَّوْمْ» are also referred to as tathwib.
The first form of tathwib, which is to call people again to perform the obligatory prayer in the mosque after the adhan, is not legislated. As is evident from the famous incident of Abdullah ibn Umar radi Allahu anhu, who once witnessed this act of tathwib and said to his student Mujahid: “Take me away from the mosque of these people of innovation.” [سنن أبو داؤد، باب فى التثويب، رقم: 538]
- Al-Albani rahimahullah graded this as “hasan.”
However, the remaining two forms of tathwib are legislated and permissible, as both are established from the hadith of the Messenger sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.
The original meaning of tathwib:
The original meaning of tathwib is “to repeat” or “to return.” In all three forms, after the adhan, people are again called to perform the prayer. And «اَلصَّلٰوةُ خَيْرٌ مِّنَ النَّوْمْ» is also said after «حَيَّ عَلٰى الصَّلوةِ» and «حَيَّ عَلٰى الْفَلَاح». With these words, and after them by saying «اَلصَّلٰوةُ خَيْرٌ مِّنَ النَّوْمْ», people are again called to perform the prayer.
In the hadith under discussion, tathwib refers to the iqamah, because the same state remains with Iblis throughout the adhan. Then, when people are again called to perform the obligatory prayer, i.e., when the iqamah is pronounced, Iblis once again turns his back and flees. For details, see: [سنن ترمذي، باب فى التثويب فى الفجر، رقم: 198]
He creates doubts in the heart and casts whispers:
The purpose of this phrase is that Iblis, the Satan, during the prayer, completely casts doubts into the heart of the worshipper to destroy his humility (khushu‘). For this reason, numerous hadiths encourage performing prayer with full attention, so that the servant of Allah may perform the prayer with both outward and inward humility and submission.
Allamah ‘Ayni rahimahullah says: This hadith establishes the virtue of the adhan, but for Iblis, the adhan is such a dangerous thing that to save himself from it, he flees far away. [عمدة القاري: 273/4]
In one hadith, the Noble Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said:
«إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ إِذَا سَمِعَ النِّدَاءَ بِالصَّلَاةِ، ذَهَبَ حَتَّى يَكُونَ مَكَانَ الرَّوْحَاءِ»
“Indeed, when Satan hears the adhan, he flees as far as the place called ‘Rawha’.”
Sayyiduna Abu Sufyan radi Allahu anhu states that the place “Rawha” is approximately 36 miles (about 56 kilometers) from Madinah Munawwarah. [صحيح مسلم، كتاب الصلوٰة، رقم: 854]
Source: Sahifa Hammam bin Munabbih: Commentary by Hafiz Abdullah Shameem, Page: 27
