سنن نسائي
Sunan an-Nasa'i
كتاب القسامة والقود والديات
The Book of Oaths (qasamah), Retaliation and Blood Money
بَابُ : تَأْوِيلِ قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ { فَمَنْ عُفِيَ لَهُ مِنْ أَخِيهِ شَىْءٌ فَاتِّبَاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَأَدَاءٌ إِلَيْهِ بِإِحْسَانٍ }
Chapter: Interpreting The Saying Of Allah, The Mighty And Sublime: "But If The Killer Is Forgiven By The Brother (Or The Relatives) Of The Killed Against Blood Money, Then Adhering To It With Fairness And Payment Of The Blood Money To The Heir Should Be Made In Fairness"
Hadith 4785
قَالَ قَالَ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ مِسْكِينٍ : قِرَاءَةً عَلَيْهِ ، وَأَنَا أَسْمَعُ ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ ، عَنْ عَمْرٍو ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، قَالَ : " كَانَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ الْقِصَاصُ ، وَلَمْ تَكُنْ فِيهِمُ الدِّيَةُ ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِصَاصُ فِي الْقَتْلَى الْحُرُّ بِالْحُرِّ وَالْعَبْدُ بِالْعَبْدِ وَالأُنْثَى بِالأُنْثَى إِلَى قَوْلِهِ فَمَنْ عُفِيَ لَهُ مِنْ أَخِيهِ شَيْءٌ فَاتِّبَاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَأَدَاءٌ إِلَيْهِ بِإِحْسَانٍ سورة البقرة آية 178 , فَالْعَفْوُ : أَنْ يَقْبَلَ الدِّيَةَ فِي الْعَمْدِ ، وَاتِّبَاعٌ بِمَعْرُوفٍ : يَقُولُ : يَتَّبِعُ هَذَا بِالْمَعْرُوفِ ، وَأَدَاءٌ إِلَيْهِ بِإِحْسَانٍ : وَيُؤَدِّي هَذَا بِإِحْسَانٍ , ذَلِكَ تَخْفِيفٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَرَحْمَةٌ سورة البقرة آية 178 مِمَّا كُتِبَ عَلَى مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ إِنَّمَا هُوَ الْقِصَاصُ لَيْسَ الدِّيَةَ " .
´It was narrated that Ibn 'Abbas said:` "There was Qisas among the Children of Israel, but Diyah was unknown among them. Then Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, revealed: "Al-Qisas (the law of equality in punishment) is prescribed for your in case of murder: the free for the free, the slave for the slave, and the female for the female." Up to His saying: "But if the killer is forgiven by the brother 9or the relatives) of the killed against blood money, then adhering to it with fairness and payment of the blood money to the heir should be made in fairness."[2] Forgiveness means accepting the Diyah in the case of deliberate killing. Adhering to it in fairness means asking him to pay the Diyah in a fair manner, and payment in fairness means giving the Diyah in a fair manner. This is and alleviation and a mercy from you Lord,[1] means: This is easier thanthat which was prescribed for those who came before you, which was Qisas and not Diyah."
Hadith 4786
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيل بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَفْصٍ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا وَرْقَاءُ ، عَنْ عَمْرٍو ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ ، قَالَ : كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِصَاصُ فِي الْقَتْلَى الْحُرُّ بِالْحُرِّ سورة البقرة آية 178 قَالَ : " كَانَ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقِصَاصُ , وَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمُ الدِّيَةُ ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الدِّيَةَ فَجَعَلَهَا عَلَى هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ تَخْفِيفًا عَلَى مَا كَانَ عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ " .
´It was narrated that Mujahid said:` "Al-Qisas (the Law of Equality in punishment) is prescribed for you in case of murder: the free for the free[2] The rule for the Children of Israel was Qisas, and not Diyah. Then Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, revealed the Diyah to them, and He revealed this ruling to this Ummah as an alleviation of the ruling that applied to the Children of Israel."
