سنن نسائي
Sunan an-Nasa'i
كتاب الوصايا
The Book of Wills
بَابُ : الْوَصِيَّةِ بِالثُّلُثِ
Chapter: Bequeathing One-Third
Hadith 3656
أَخْبَرَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، قَالَ : مَرِضْتُ مَرَضًا أَشْفَيْتُ مِنْهُ ، فَأَتَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعُودُنِي ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، إِنَّ لِي مَالًا كَثِيرًا وَلَيْسَ يَرِثُنِي إِلَّا ابْنَتِي ، أَفَأَتَصَدَّقُ بِثُلُثَيْ مَالِي ؟ قَالَ : " لَا " ، قُلْتُ : فَالشَّطْرَ ؟ قَالَ : " لَا " ، قُلْتُ : فَالثُّلُثَ ؟ قَالَ : " الثُّلُثَ ، وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ ، إِنَّكَ أَنْ تَتْرُكَ وَرَثَتَكَ أَغْنِيَاءَ خَيْرٌ لَهُمْ مِنْ أَنْ تَتْرُكَهُمْ عَالَةً يَتَكَفَّفُونَ النَّاسَ " .
´It was narrated from 'Amir bin Sa'd that his father said:` "I became ill with a sickness from which I later recovered. The Messenger of Allah came to visit me, and I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, I have a great deal of wealth and I have no heir except my daughter. Shall I give two-thirds of my wealth in charity?' He said: 'No.' I said: 'Half?' He said: 'No.' I said: 'One-third?' He said: '(Give) one-third, and one-third is a lot. It is better to leave your heirs independent of means, than to leave them poor and holding out their hands to people.'"
Hadith 3657
أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ ، وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ وَاللَّفْظُ لِأَحْمَدَ ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ ، عَنْ سَعْدٍ ، قَالَ : جَاءَنِي النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعُودُنِي وَأَنَا بِمَكَّةَ ، قُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أُوصِي بِمَالِي كُلِّهِ ؟ قَالَ : " لَا " ، قُلْتُ : فَالشَّطْرَ ؟ قَالَ : " لَا " ، قُلْتُ : فَالثُّلُثَ ؟ قَالَ : " الثُّلُثَ ، وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ ، إِنَّكَ أَنْ تَدَعَ وَرَثَتَكَ أَغْنِيَاءَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَدَعَهُمْ عَالَةً يَتَكَفَّفُونَ النَّاسَ ، يَتَكَفَّفُونَ فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ " .
´It was narrated that Sa'd said:` "The Prophet came to visit me when I was in Makkah. I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, shall I bequeath all my money?' He said: 'No.' I said: 'One-half?' He said: 'No.' I said: 'One-third?' He said: '(Bequeath) one-third, and one-third is a lot. If you leave your heirs independent of means, that is better than if you leave them poor and holding out their hands to people.'"
Hadith 3658
أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، قَالَ : كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعُودُهُ وَهُوَ بِمَكَّةَ ، وَهُوَ يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يَمُوتَ بِالْأَرْضِ الَّذِي هَاجَرَ مِنْهَا ، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " رَحِمَ اللَّهُ سَعْدَ ابْنَ عَفْرَاءَ أَوْ يَرْحَمُ اللَّهُ سَعْدَ ابْنَ عَفْرَاءَ " ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ إِلَّا ابْنَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ ، قَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أُوصِي بِمَالِي كُلِّهِ ؟ قَالَ : " لَا " ، قُلْتُ : النِّصْفَ ؟ قَالَ : " لَا " ، قُلْتُ : فَالثُّلُثَ ؟ قَالَ : " الثُّلُثَ ، وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ ، إِنَّكَ أَنْ تَدَعَ وَرَثَتَكَ أَغْنِيَاءَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَدَعَهُمْ عَالَةً يَتَكَفَّفُونَ النَّاسَ مَا فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ " ،
´It was narrated from 'Amir bin Sa'd that his father said:` "The Prophet used to visit him when he was in Makkah, and he did not want to die in the land from which he had emigrated. The Prophet said: 'May Allah have mercy on Sa'd bin 'Afra.' He had only one daughter, and he said: 'O Messenger of Allah, shall I bequeath all my wealth?' He said: 'No.' I said: 'Half?' He said: 'No.' I said: 'One-third?' He said: 'One-third, and one-third is a lot. For you to leave your heirs independent of means is better than if you were to leave them poor, holding out their hands to people.'"
Hadith 3659
أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا مِسْعَرٌ ، عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي بَعْضُ آلِ سَعْدٍ ، قَالَ : مَرِضَ سَعْدٌ ، فَدَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أُوصِي بِمَالِي كُلِّهِ ؟ قَالَ : لَا ، وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ .
´One from the family of Sa'd narrated:` "Sa'd fell sick and the Messenger of Allah entered upon him and he said: 'O Messenger of Allah, shall I bequeath all my money?' He said: 'No.'" And he quoted the same Hadith.
Hadith 3660
أَخْبَرَنَا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَظِيمِ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْكَبِيرِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَجِيدِ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا بُكَيْرُ بْنُ مِسْمَارٍ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ عَامِرَ بْنَ سَعْدٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، أَنَّهُ اشْتَكَى بِمَكَّةَ ، فَجَاءَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَلَمَّا رَآهُ سَعْدٌ بَكَى ، وَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أَمُوتُ بِالْأَرْضِ الَّتِي هَاجَرْتُ مِنْهَا ؟ قَالَ : " لَا ، إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ " ، وَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أُوصِي بِمَالِي كُلِّهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ؟ قَالَ : " لَا " ، قَالَ : يَعْنِي بِثُلُثَيْهِ ؟ قَالَ : " لَا " ، قَالَ : فَنِصْفَهُ ؟ قَالَ : " لَا " ، قَالَ : فَثُلُثَهُ ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " الثُّلُثَ ، وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ ، إِنَّكَ أَنْ تَتْرُكَ بَنِيكَ أَغْنِيَاءَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَتْرُكَهُمْ عَالَةً يَتَكَفَّفُونَ النَّاسَ " .
´'Amir bin Sa'd (narrated) from his father that he fell sick in Makkah and the Messenger of Allah came to him. When Sa'd saw him, he wept and said:` "O Messenger of Allah, am I to die in the land from which I emigrated?" He said: "No, if Allah wills." He said: "O Messenger of Allah, shall I bequeath all of my wealth in the cause of Allah?" He said: "No." He said: "Two-thirds?" He said: "No." He said: "Half of it?" He said: "No." He said: "One-third of it?" The Messenger of Allah said: "One-third, and one-third is a lot. If you leave your sons independent of means that is better than if you leave them poor, holding out their hands to people."
Hadith 3661
أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْحَاق بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، قَالَ : أَنْبَأَنَا جَرِيرٌ ، عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ ، قَالَ : عَادَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي مَرَضِي ، فَقَالَ : " أَوْصَيْتَ ؟ " قُلْتُ : نَعَمْ ، قَالَ : " بِكَمْ قُلْتُ ؟ " بِمَالِي كُلِّهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ : " فَمَا تَرَكْتَ لِوَلَدِكَ ؟ " قُلْتُ : هُمْ أَغْنِيَاءُ ، قَالَ : " أَوْصِ بِالْعُشْرِ " ، فَمَا زَالَ يَقُولُ : وَأَقُولُ : حَتَّى قَالَ : " أَوْصِ بِالثُّلُثِ ، وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ أَوْ كَبِيرٌ " .
´It was narrated that Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas said:` "The Messenger of Allah visited me when I was sick, and said: 'Have you made a will?' I said: 'Yes.' He said: 'How much?' I said: 'For all my wealth to be given in the cause of Allah.' He said: 'What have you left for your children?' I said: 'They are rich (independent of means).' He said: 'Bequeath one-tenth.' And we kept discussing it until he said: 'Bequeath one-third, and one-third is much or large.'"
Hadith 3662
أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْحَاق بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ سَعْدٍ ، أَنّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَادَهُ فِي مَرَضِهِ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أُوصِي بِمَالِي كُلِّهِ ؟ قَالَ : " لَا " ، قَالَ : فَالشَّطْرَ ؟ قَالَ : " لَا " ، قَالَ : فَالثُّلُثَ ؟ قَالَ : " الثُّلُثَ ، وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ أَوْ كَبِيرٌ " .
´It was narrated from Sa'd that the Prophet visited him when he was sick, and he said:` "O Messenger of Allah, shall I bequeath all of my wealth?" He said: "No." He said: "Half?" He said: "No." He said: "One-third?" He said: "One-third, and one-third is much or large."
Hadith 3663
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ الْفَحَّامُ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ، أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَتَى سَعْدًا يَعُودُهُ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ سَعْدٌ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أُوصِي بِثُلُثَيْ مَالِي ؟ قَالَ : " لَا " ، قَالَ : فَأُوصِي بِالنِّصْفِ ؟ قَالَ : " لَا " ، قَالَ : فَأُوصِي بِالثُّلُثِ ؟ قَالَ : " نَعَمْ ، الثُّلُثَ ، وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ أَوْ كَبِيرٌ ، إِنَّكَ أَنْ تَدَعَ وَرَثَتَكَ أَغْنِيَاءَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَدَعَهُمْ فُقَرَاءَ يَتَكَفَّفُونَ " .
´It was narrated from 'Aishah that the Messenger of Allah came to visit Sa'd (when he was sick). Sa'd said to him:` "O Messenger of Allah, shall I bequeath two-thirds of my wealth?" He said: "No." He said: "Shall I bequeath half?" He said: "No." He said: "Shall I bequeath one-third?" He said: "Yes, one-third, and one-third is much or large. If you leave your heirs independent of means that is better than if you leave them poor, holding out their hands."
Hadith 3664
أَخْبَرَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، قَالَ : لَوْ غَضَّ النَّاسُ إِلَى الرُّبُعِ ، لِأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : " الثُّلُثَ ، وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ أَوْ كَبِيرٌ " .
´It was narrated that Ibn 'Abbas said:` "If the people were to reduce (their bequests) to one-quarter (of their wealth, that would be better), because the Messenger of Allah said: 'One-third, and one-third is much or large.'"
Hadith 3665
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ الْمِنْهَالِ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ ، عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ سَعْدِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ، أَنّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَاءَهُ وَهُوَ مَرِيضٌ ، فَقَالَ : إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لِي وَلَدٌ إِلَّا ابْنَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ ، فَأُوصِي بِمَالِي كُلِّهِ ؟ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " لَا " ، قَالَ : فَأُوصِي بِنِصْفِهِ ؟ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " لَا " ، قَالَ : فَأُوصِي بِثُلُثِهِ ؟ قَالَ : " الثُّلُثَ ، وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ " .
´It was narrated from Muhammad bin Sa'd, from his father Sa'd bin Malik, that the Prophet came to him when he was sick and he said:` "I do not have any children apart from one daughter. Shall I bequeath all my wealth?" The Prophet said: "No." He said: "Shall I bequeath half of it?" The Prophet said: "No." He said: "Shall I bequeath one-third of it?" He said: "One-third, and one-third is much or large."
Hadith 3666
أَخْبَرَنَا الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا بْنِ دِينَارٍ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ ، عَنْ شَيْبَانَ ، عَنْ فِرَاسٍ ، عَنْ الشَّعْبِيِّ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي جَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، أَنَّ أَبَاهُ اسْتُشْهِدَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ ، وَتَرَكَ سِتَّ بَنَاتٍ ، وَتَرَكَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنًا ، فَلَمَّا حَضَرَ جِدَادُ النَّخْلِ ، أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقُلْتُ : " قَدْ عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ وَالِدِي اسْتُشْهِدَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ ، وَتَرَكَ دَيْنًا كَثِيرًا ، وَإِنِّي أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَرَاكَ الْغُرَمَاءُ ، قَالَ : " اذْهَبْ ، فَبَيْدِرْ كُلَّ تَمْرٍ عَلَى نَاحِيَةٍ ، فَفَعَلْتُ ، ثُمَّ دَعَوْتُهُ ، فَلَمَّا نَظَرُوا إِلَيْهِ كَأَنَّمَا أُغْرُوا بِي تِلْكَ السَّاعَةَ ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى مَا يَصْنَعُونَ أَطَافَ حَوْلَ أَعْظَمِهَا بَيْدَرًا ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ ، ثُمَّ جَلَسَ عَلَيْهِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : ادْعُ أَصْحَابَكَ ، فَمَا زَالَ يَكِيلُ لَهُمْ حَتَّى أَدَّى اللَّهُ أَمَانَةَ وَالِدِي ، وَأَنَا رَاضٍ أَنْ يُؤَدِّيَ اللَّهُ أَمَانَةَ وَالِدِي لَمْ تَنْقُصْ تَمْرَةً وَاحِدَةً " .
´Jabir bin 'Abdullah narrated that his father was martyred on the Day of Uhud, and he left behind six daughters, and some outstanding debts. When the time to pick the dates came, I went to the Messenger of Allah and said:` "You know that my father was martyred on the Day of Uhud and he left behind a great deal of debt. I would like the creditors to see you." He said: "Go and pile up the dates in separate heaps." I did that, then I called him. When they saw him, it was as if they started to put pressure on me at that time. When he saw what they were doing, he went around the biggest heap three times, then he sat on it then said: "Call your companions (the creditors)." Then he kept on weighing them out for them, until Allah cleared all my father's debts. I am pleased that Allah cleared my father's debts without even a single date being missed.
