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سنن نسائي
Nasai
كتاب القبلةThe Book of the Qiblah
بَابُ : ذِكْرِ مَا يَقْطَعُ الصَّلاَةَ وَمَا لاَ يَقْطَعُ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ بَيْنَ يَدَىِ الْمُصَلِّي سُتْرَةٌChapter: Mention of what interrupts the prayer and what does not if a praying person does not have a Sutra in front of him
Hadith 751
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ، قال : أَنْبَأَنَا يَزِيدُ ، قال : حَدَّثَنَا يُونُسُ ، عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ هِلَالٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ ، عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ ، قال : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِذَا كَانَ أَحَدُكُمْ قَائِمًا يُصَلِّي فَإِنَّهُ يَسْتُرُهُ إِذَا كَانَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ مِثْلُ آخِرَةِ الرَّحْلِ ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ مِثْلُ آخِرَةِ الرَّحْلِ فَإِنَّهُ يَقْطَعُ صَلَاتَهُ الْمَرْأَةُ وَالْحِمَارُ وَالْكَلْبُ الْأَسْوَدُ " . قُلْتُ : مَا بَالُ الْأَسْوَدِ مِنَ الْأَصْفَرِ مِنَ الْأَحْمَرِ ؟ فَقَالَ : سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَمَا سَأَلْتَنِي ، فَقَالَ : " الْكَلْبُ الْأَسْوَدُ شَيْطَانٌ " .
´It was narrated that Abu Dharr said:` The messenger of Allah(ﷺ) said: "When anyone of you stands to pray, then he is screened if he has in front of him something as high as the back of a camel saddle. If he does not have something as high as the back of a camel saddle in front of him, then his prayer is nullified by a woman, a donkey or a black dog." I (one of the narrators)said: "What is the difference between a black dog, a yellow one and a red one?" He said: I asked the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) just like you and he said:"The black dog is a shaitan."
Related hadith on this topic
Brief Explanation
1؎: Some people have taken this according to its apparent meaning, and have said that the passing of these things will actually invalidate the prayer. However, the majority have interpreted it and said that what is meant by invalidation is a deficiency in the prayer, because due to these things, the heart will not be able to turn fully towards the prayer, and there will be a difference in the humility and submissiveness (khushu‘ and khudu‘) of the prayer. Some people have even considered this narration to be abrogated.
2؎: Some people have taken this literally and said that Satan assumes the form of a black dog, and some have said that, compared to other dogs, it is more harmful, which is why it has been called Satan. (And Allah knows best.)
2؎: Some people have taken this literally and said that Satan assumes the form of a black dog, and some have said that, compared to other dogs, it is more harmful, which is why it has been called Satan. (And Allah knows best.)
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Muhammad Ameen
751. Commentary: According to the majority of scholars, the passing of something in front of a person does not invalidate the prayer, because there is a narration in Abu Dawud: «لا يقطعُ الصَّلاةَ شيءٌ» [سنن أبي داود ، الصلاة ، حدیث : 719]
That is, "Nothing breaks the prayer." Therefore, here, the breaking of the prayer refers to the loss of humility and submissiveness (khushu‘ and khudu‘). However, another group of scholars holds the view that the prayer is indeed invalidated. They have two arguments for this.
➊ The first is that the aforementioned hadith of Abu Dawud: «لا يقطعُ الصَّلاةَ شيءٌ» is weak, and thus not suitable as evidence. For further details, see: [ضعیف سنن أبي داود (مفصل) : 265/9 ، حدیث : 116]
➋ The second argument is a clear hadith which clarifies the meaning of "cutting off the prayer." Its words are: «تُعادُ الصَّلاةُ من مَمَرِّ الحِمارِ ، والمرأةِ ، والكَلْبِ الأَسْوَدِ ، وقال : الكَلْبُ الأَسْوَدُ شَيْطانٌ» [صحیح ابن خزیمه ، حدیث : 831 ، و صحیح ابن حبان ، حدیث : 2391 ، بتحقیق الشیخ شعیب ، وانظر اصحیحة للألباني ، حدیث : 3323]
"By the passing of a donkey, a woman, and a black dog (the prayer is broken), and the prayer must be repeated." This hadith determines the apparent meaning of "cutting off the prayer" and rejects its interpretation as merely the loss of humility and submissiveness. Therefore, in all subsequent narrations as well, the apparent meaning of "cutting off the prayer" will be intended. And Allah knows best.
That is, "Nothing breaks the prayer." Therefore, here, the breaking of the prayer refers to the loss of humility and submissiveness (khushu‘ and khudu‘). However, another group of scholars holds the view that the prayer is indeed invalidated. They have two arguments for this.
➊ The first is that the aforementioned hadith of Abu Dawud: «لا يقطعُ الصَّلاةَ شيءٌ» is weak, and thus not suitable as evidence. For further details, see: [ضعیف سنن أبي داود (مفصل) : 265/9 ، حدیث : 116]
➋ The second argument is a clear hadith which clarifies the meaning of "cutting off the prayer." Its words are: «تُعادُ الصَّلاةُ من مَمَرِّ الحِمارِ ، والمرأةِ ، والكَلْبِ الأَسْوَدِ ، وقال : الكَلْبُ الأَسْوَدُ شَيْطانٌ» [صحیح ابن خزیمه ، حدیث : 831 ، و صحیح ابن حبان ، حدیث : 2391 ، بتحقیق الشیخ شعیب ، وانظر اصحیحة للألباني ، حدیث : 3323]
"By the passing of a donkey, a woman, and a black dog (the prayer is broken), and the prayer must be repeated." This hadith determines the apparent meaning of "cutting off the prayer" and rejects its interpretation as merely the loss of humility and submissiveness. Therefore, in all subsequent narrations as well, the apparent meaning of "cutting off the prayer" will be intended. And Allah knows best.
Source: Sunan Nasa'i: Translation and Benefits by Shaykh Hafiz Muhammad Amin Hafizullah, Page: 751
Shaykh Dr. Abdur Rahman Freywai
1:
Here, by "invalidated" is meant a reduction in the reward and blessing of the prayer,
not that the prayer becomes completely invalid.
Some scholars are of the opinion that it becomes entirely invalid, because this is what is established from the apparent wording.
Therefore, the one performing prayer should be extremely careful to pray towards a sutrah (barrier).
Here, by "invalidated" is meant a reduction in the reward and blessing of the prayer,
not that the prayer becomes completely invalid.
Some scholars are of the opinion that it becomes entirely invalid, because this is what is established from the apparent wording.
Therefore, the one performing prayer should be extremely careful to pray towards a sutrah (barrier).
Source: Sunan al-Tirmidhi – Majlis ‘Ilmi Dar al-Da‘wah, New Delhi Edition, Page: 338
