Nasai

Hadith Commentary: Benefits and Issues: From the aforementioned narrations, it is established that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) used to perform the Friday prayer early, and he did not deliver a lengthy sermon. This is because after the Friday prayer, the shadow of the walls would not have spread much, such that a person could walk comfortably in its shade. From this, it is understood that he (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) would begin the Friday prayer before the sun had passed its zenith (zawal). And this is the position of Imam Ahmad (rahimahullah) and Imam Ishaq (rahimahullah), and by considering various narrations, it is known that he (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) on some occasions began the Friday prayer before zawal. However, his (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) general blessed habit was that he would begin the Friday prayer after zawal, but he would not take much time. But according to Maulana Safiur Rahman (rahimahullah), in Madinah Munawwarah, at the time of zawal, the shadow is very short, that is, even less than half a span. Therefore, if the Friday prayer is started immediately after zawal, then after the Friday prayer, the shadow of the walls is not sufficient for a person to walk in it.

Commentary:
Benefits and Issues:
By this is meant the pot
which has been oiled or coated with tar or the like.

Explanation:
1:
But the condition is that it becomes intoxicating.
If nabidh is not intoxicating, then it is permissible.
Nabidh is that drink which is prepared from dates,
raisins,
grapes,
honey,
wheat, and barley, etc.

Explanation:
1:
The words in the hadith—hantham, daba’, naqir, and muzaffat—are names of different types of vessels. In the pre-Islamic era of ignorance (jahiliyyah), wine used to be made and stored in these vessels. At the time when wine was declared forbidden, the use of these vessels was prohibited. Later, however, this prohibition was abrogated by the subsequent narration of Buraydah al-Aslami: “I had forbidden you from (using) certain vessels, but now you may drink from any vessel,” meaning, “I had prohibited you from using various vessels, but now you may use them for drinking.” Thus, the prohibition regarding these vessels was abrogated.

Benefits and Issues:
➊
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) never declared anything lawful or unlawful of his own accord; rather, all of this was based on revelation. Allah the Exalted says:
(And he does not speak from [his own] desire. It is not but a revelation revealed) ( an-Najm: 3–4).

➋
Among the vessels made of clay are also included those vessels mentioned above. Any vessel in which any kind of grease was mixed—whether it was green in color, white, or otherwise—all were prohibited. ( Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Ashriba, Hadith: 5596)

➌
It should be noted that nabidh is that drink in which dates or raisins, etc., are soaked in water, and after a few hours the water becomes sweet and is then used. This drink is called nabidh. It is only permitted to keep it for such a duration that it remains in its original state: in winter, up to three days, and in summer, only one day.

In the chain of narration of this report, the name of the narrator reporting from Ibn Umar (radi Allahu anhu) is mentioned as "Khalid bin Suhaym," which is incorrect. The correct name is "Jabalah bin Suhaym." (Dhakheerat al-‘Uqba Sharh Sunan an-Nasa’i: 40/207)

Urdu marginal note:
The root of the date palm would be hollowed out from the inside and shaped into a vessel. This was called a naqīr. This vessel was also used for making wine. It did not have pores, therefore intoxication would develop quickly. With the prohibition of wine, the use of these vessels was also forbidden, but later permission for this vessel was granted. (See, narration: 5550)

Urdu marginal note:
See the details, Hadith: 5550.

The definitive position regarding the status of the aforementioned vessels has already been discussed under Hadith: 5646. However, some leading jurists (aimmah mujtahideen), such as Imam Ahmad and Imam Ishaq rahimahullah, hold the view—which is evident from the aforementioned statements of Ibn Umar and Ibn Abbas radi Allahu anhuma—that it is still forbidden to prepare nabidh in these vessels, and it is prohibited to drink nabidh prepared in them. This also appears to be the position of Ibn Abbas and Ibn Umar radi Allahu anhuma. However, this would necessitate disregarding some other narrations which indicate abrogation (naskh). And Allah knows best.

Takhrij al-Hadith: [وأخرجه مسلم 1997/48، من حديث مالك به]
Jurisprudential Explanation:
➊ The means that lead to evil should also be blocked.
➋ All the Companions are upright (‘udul), therefore, the anonymity of a Companion is not harmful; rather, if the chain to an unknown Companion is authentic, the hadith is considered authoritative.
➌ It is Sunnah to continue teaching and giving lessons for the reformation of people at different places and times.
➍ Some scholars consider this prohibition to be abrogated.
➎ One should listen to admonitions and sermons with enthusiasm and absorption, and remain filled with the spirit of knowledge and action.